The drinking crow, a small jar, half a jar of water, small stones; the driving force of the event - the crow is thirsty, it has certain wisdom; the way of movement of the event - the crow is holding in its mouth Small stones were thrown into the small jar, causing the water to rise to the mouth of the jar, and the crow drank the water. The paradox of this plot is that the jar is half full of water and the thirsty crow cannot drink it. The way to solve the problem is to fill the space in the jar with small stones. Since the jar is small, the "amount" of "small stones" required is not large, which does not conflict with the "power" of the crow, so it is easier for the crow to raise the water to the mouth of the jar.
The story about the drinking water later turned out to be a big iron bucket with only half a bucket of water. Since the diameter of the big iron bucket is very different from that of the small can, every time the water level of the big iron bucket rises a little bit, a lot of small stones must be placed. The crow ignored the huge difference in diameter and height between the small can and the big iron bucket. The components of the event changed, and it still used the same old methods, old experiences, and old methods. Therefore, it spent a long time in vain, and the goal was still not achieved. The "power" of the crow cannot solve the contradiction between "purpose" and "method", that is, it cannot solve the balance problem between the "amount" of "small stones" required for the "water" to rise and its own "power". The correct choice is to abandon the big iron bucket from the beginning, find another water source, or mobilize more partners to carry the rocks, so that everyone can enjoy the water source. From the analysis of the elements and various situations of the incident of crows drinking water twice, people can understand the connotation of the fable: analyze specific problems in detail, find suitable solutions, and do not act blindly based on experience.
In summary, the argument put forward based on this material is "what it is", that is, "it is necessary to analyze specific problems in detail, seek suitable methods, and do not act blindly based on experience."
The reason why this "what" is "is", that is, the "why", is to analyze the problems that arise in the process of the crow looking for water before and after, and use the comparative analysis method to understand the similarities and differences between the situations before and after. and its own strength deficiencies, etc. If the situation changes and the method remains unchanged, it will inevitably fail. After explaining all this, the article is completed.
What needs to be reminded is that the "how" here, that is, the method to solve the problem, is consistent with the "what", that is, it is included in the argument. This is a special case. The text "There is More than One Correct Answer to Things" to be interpreted below has a different argumentative thinking framework. It is a typical complete argumentative thinking framework.
Interpretation of "There is More than One Right Answer to Things"
Xu Jiang
1. Explore the argument of the article - "Strive to be a creative person", Answering the "what" question Generally speaking, when interpreting an argumentative article, we need to pay attention to two questions: what is the author's claim and how does the author explain his claim. Understanding the former allows us to accumulate knowledge to store up treasures, while understanding the latter allows us to learn to express our thoughts. Obviously, to interpret an argumentative essay, you must first understand what the argument is, and then you can understand how the author argues. When interpreting this article, the People's Education Press' "Teacher's Manual" said: "The author puts forward the view that 'there is more than one correct answer to a thing.'"
This analysis is obviously wrong.
Although "there is more than one correct answer to a thing" is a generalization of the operating characteristics of things, it only states a fact and is a generalization of objective phenomena. This generalization is not a "claim." Just like what people often say - "People are like iron, rice is like steel, if you don't eat even one meal, you will be hungry" - this sentence is not someone's opinion or opinion, but people's basic conditions and basic requirements for survival. ***knowledge. At the same time, "there is more than one correct answer to something" also has a premise: due to different perspectives of looking at the problem, different answers are correct answers. Without this premise, saying in isolation that "there is more than one correct answer to a thing" does not have universal significance. "There is more than one correct answer to things" is not the essential question that the article discusses
but rather provides guidance on what people should do when faced with this fact and phenomenon. This "what to do" has obvious "advocacy", that is, the commentator's psychological wishes for the public's hopes, demands, expectations, etc.
The argument of factualists is that in the face of real life that "is not like some kind of mathematical problem", everyone must "strive to be a creative person." This is the essential connotation of this article and the realm of life that should be achieved.
So, after clarifying "what" the argument of this article is, people naturally have to think about "why" and "how".
2. Exploring the trajectory of argumentative thinking - analyzing the "why" and "how" of "what"
1. "There is more than one correct answer to things" - real life It requires people to be creative and answer "why" questions.
Let’s talk about the first part first: paragraphs (1) to (4).
The argument in this part is not what someone said - it is just "leading to the core of the discussion of this article." This is an analogy that makes people naturally infer that there is not only one way to solve problems in life, but many ways.
As the article says: "Due to changes in circumstances, methods that were effective in the past often no longer work." "Strive to be a creative person" is a requirement raised by real life. This is the requirement of the "correspondence theory" of argumentation. To think about the role of the argument from the four figures to "there is more than one right answer to something" in the overall argument, it answers the question of why you should "try to be a creative person".
2. "Creative thinking" - the basic quality of creative people.
The second part of the text: Paragraph (5) - "However, seeking the second answer, or other paths and new methods to solve the problem, relies on creative thinking. So, creativity What are the necessary elements for thinking? "This is a transitional stage.
In terms of the chain of thinking, after proposing the phenomenon that "there is more than one correct answer to a thing", the text has potentially proposed that people should have "creative thinking". This naturally leads to the following content, that is, "how" a person can develop "creative thinking".
Objectively speaking, there is something wrong with this transition paragraph. It should not focus on the "elements" of "creative thinking". Proposing the concept of "elements" makes the text out of touch. Because what follows is borrowed from others to talk about what a “creative person” is, and does not answer the question of what the “elements” of “creative thinking” are. This paragraph should be modified as follows:
However, finding the second answer, or other paths and new methods to solve problems, depends on people's ability to think in multiple directions, or creative thinking. So how do we get there?
Look, wouldn’t it be better to replace the original text with the above text? Because this can naturally lead the discussion to "how to become a creative person" and follow the topic of "someone answered this way" below.
3. "Absorb", "Utilize", "Persevere", "Attention", "Confidence" - be a creative person and answer the question "What to do".
The third part of the article: paragraphs (6) to (13). This section answers what you can do to become a creative person. The article elaborates on it from five aspects:
The first point is, "Always work tirelessly to acquire knowledge."
The second point is, "You must have the attitude and awareness to explore new things and utilize knowledge for this purpose." The third point is to "continue to make various attempts", that is, to use it unremittingly.