At first, there was no clear definition of the composition of old-style poetry; Before the Yuan Dynasty, when poetry creation was the most prosperous, including the Tang Dynasty, the structure of poetry writing was irregular. However, after analyzing a large number of works of poets at that time, later generations found that enlightenment, inheritance, transformation and combination became the established rules of poets. Therefore, it was not until the Yuan Dynasty that it was clearly stipulated that the text structure of poetry should abide by the basic rules of inheriting and transforming.
Analyzing the text structure of modern poetry, we will find that every poem, whether it is a regular poem or a quatrain, follows the law of connecting the past with the future. Read a five-character poem first.
A cold wind is blowing from the distant sky. What are you thinking, old friend? ?
The geese never answered me, and the rivers, lakes and seas were flooded by rain.
A poet should be careful to prosper, but the devil can trouble a vagrant.
It should be * * * murder. Throw him the poem, where he drowned himself in the Milo River.
(Du Fu: "To Li Bai at the End of the Sky")
The first and second sentences of this poem are "Qi". The poem begins with the memory of Li Bai being thrown into the doomsday by convection (Yelang), and the title is the beginning order; The third and fourth sentences are "bearing", and the first and second sentences are still written in memory of Li Bai; The fifth and sixth sentences turn to the discussion about Li Bai's experience: the article is taboo about an open life (it is easy to write famous articles in adversity), and the villain likes good people to make mistakes best. ; The seventh and eighth sentences are "harmony", summarizing the whole poem, pointing out that Li Bai and Qu Yuan have common grievances and writing this poem for them. This kind of integration has responded to the nostalgia for Li Bai.
The quatrains are also composed of starting, inheriting, turning and combining. Generally speaking, the first sentence is starting, the second sentence is bearing, the third sentence is turning and the fourth sentence is combining. Let's look at a five-character quatrain:
The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea.
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
(Wang Zhihuan: At Lusu)
The first sentence of this poem was written from what I saw on the stork tower; The second sentence continues the first sentence and continues to write what you saw in the mirage; The third sentence turns to the poet's actions and wishes; The fourth sentence continues to write the meaning of the third sentence, while deducting the title of the poem and collecting the whole poem.
Recently, I learned to write a four-line poem "Gui Fu", which was conceived according to the law of inheriting and transforming. My humble work is as follows:
Thousands of green leaves and thousands of gold,
A faint scent sells the soul.
Wugang Jade Rabbit Brews Guijiu,
Chang 'e does not regret leaving this world.
(Cedar's Humble Book: "Gui Song")
The first sentence is "qi", which breaks the title of leaves and flowers of osmanthus. The second sentence is "Cheng", continuing to write osmanthus, writing osmanthus fragrance; The third sentence is "turn". With myth, write WU GANG and Yutu brewing osmanthus wine in the Moon Palace, but still don't digress; The fourth sentence is "he". Contrary to the past, the poet wrote the routine that the moon palace was barren and Chang 'e was lonely but could not return to the world. They wrote that Chang 'e was infatuated with the moon palace because of osmanthus wine and did not regret the world, thus emphasizing the beauty of osmanthus. This convergence responds to a sentence or two and highlights the theme.
For my poor work, it is only in terms of composition, but it is still far from meter and rhetoric. Take this as an example, let me laugh and give generously. Please prove it!