There were three very important festivals in ancient March, and Du Fu's "The Second Way" in the Tang Dynasty wrote the grand occasion of this festival:
Festivals and Traditions With the passage of time, our scientific and technological strength is getting stronger and stronger, but how much of our traditional culture has been forgotten. Summer began in ancient times, and after the Three Kingdoms Wei Dynasty, it was designated as March 3, which became a day of drinking by the water and spring outing in the suburbs. The activities of killing time and enjoying the music outside the cradle are especially popular with literati. A flowing cup, also known as a "flowing cup", is to throw a cup at the upstream of the water and listen to it flow downwards. When it reaches the end, people will drink its wine instead. This wind was still strong in the Tang Dynasty, but it gradually weakened in the Song Dynasty. In the last four days of later generations, there were folk customs such as wearing shepherd's purse flowers, picking mussels and listening to frogs. Book of Rites: "It is the fourth day of the month, and the officials and the people are all on the flowing water in eastern Hebei, saying that it is a big fire to wash the scale." Liu Zhao's Note: "The name is Yu." "On the Continuation of Qi and Harmony": "In the past, Luoyi, the city of Gongyi in Zhou Dynasty, was flooded with wine, so Yi Shi said: Feathers follow the waves." Jin Panni's poem "Three Days in Luoshui" says: "Feathers ride the waves and eggs return with the flow." Preface to the Lanting Pavilion by Xi, King of Jin: "Running water, sitting next to it, although not as prosperous as a string, is enough to talk about love." The Northern Qi Dynasty fined Shao for "Poem of Three Days' Public Banquet in Hualin Garden": "Luo, stir up the water." The dream of song and wu. March: "On the third day of March, the story of Qushui began in the Jin Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Qujiang hosted a banquet, which also meant this ... Du Fu's "Two Ways" said:' On March 3, the wind was crisp and many beautiful people enjoyed the cool at the Chang' an Waterfront', describing this scene is still admirable. " Some people still use it for three days after that. Pu's "Climbing the Wall Right away" has the first discount: "Today is the eighth day of March, the last festival. Luoyang Wang Nv, enjoy the whole city. " Jia Qinglu by the Qing Guru. March. Frog newspaper: "On the third day, around noon, farmers listened to frogs, which is called frog newspaper. As the saying goes, frogs crow before noon, and the New Year is in Takada; After the frog crows at noon, low Fu Tian will be worried. " See "infant". The third day of March is the last day. In ancient times, the first March of March in the summer calendar was called "Shangsi". On the third day of March, there are always four days. On this day, people scatter shepherd's purse flowers on the stove and where they sit and sleep, thinking that they can kill ants and other pests; Hide cauliflower and tung flower in sweaters and down jackets, thinking that clothes can be used; Women wear cauliflower on their heads, thinking that they can avoid headaches and sleep soundly at night. Urban and rural people also climb Huishan, Hongshan, Doushan and Xishan for an outing. On the third day of March, it was a temple fair in Gentleman Mountain in Nanxiang, and the incense boat was full of incense. Farmers in Xuelang Township at the foot of my aunt's mountain have the custom of boat racing. In the morning, the young people in all villages shook the clippers and carried the villagers to Zhao Huishan to see the temple fair and visit the festival. In the afternoon, the Clippers gathered in Changguangxi near Gedai Bridge, and men, women and children who had seen the God-welcoming Games and festivals also came here to watch the Clippers race. First of all, the participating Clippers performed freely and showed their magical powers. Then, the ambassadors who stood out in the performance were free to combine and compete with two ships as a group. The winners of this group are free to regroup and take turns to compete until the winner is decided. During the competition, the shore was crowded with people and gongs and drums were loud; The ships in the river are like arrows in the string, and they are brave and spectacular.
Shangsi refers to the first day of March in the summer calendar, so it is also called Shi Sanhe and Si Yuan. "The Witch of Zhou Li Chun Guan": "When the witch gets old, remove the bath." Zheng Xuan's note: "It was demolished when I was old, but now it's March, like water;" Bathing is bathing with fragrant herbs. "On Etiquette in the Later Han Dynasty": "At that time, it was the fourth day of the month, and the officials and the people were all on the east running water (clean), saying that it was a big problem to wash away the dirt. "The Biography of Zhou Ju in the Later Han Dynasty": "On the fourth day of March in six years, (Liang) Shang Da received a visitor and gave a banquet in Luoshui. "It is understood that in the pre-Qin period, this day has become a large-scale folk festival. The main activity is that people go to the water to take a bath together, which is called "hairpin". Since then, sacrifices, banquets and qu shui have been added. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, this festival was changed to the third day of March, so it was also called the third day of March. In Du Fu's "Two Ways", "March 3rd is clear, and Chang 'an waterfront is full of beauty and air" is a description of the festivals in Qujiang scenic spot in Chang 'an in Tang Dynasty. This festival has been circulating in China for a long time, and it still has a lingering charm in many areas. Of course, many changes have taken place in the nature and content of festivals. In addition, it is generally believed that various festivals popular among many ethnic minorities in the south and lasting until the third day of March are also related to the ancient Shangsi Festival. Therefore, exploring the origin and original meaning of Shangsi Festival has become a hot spot in folklore research.