In couplets, the total number of flat and oblique characters is equal. If we are flexible in "135".
Place, the use of flat type and oblique type (or use oblique type and flat type), then it is often necessary.
In this sentence or antithesis, the word "one sound" is changed to "flat sound" (or "flat sound" is changed to "one sound") where appropriate to ensure that.
Maintain a balance between the number of cover plates and the number of cover plates in the joint. In other words, use the independent variable (illegal) first, then save it, and then close it.
Get up and call it rescue.
There is another situation in the sentence that the remedy for loneliness mentioned above belongs to self-help, that is, the remedy for the sentence.
For example, in the five-character "even ping" sentence, the third word is changed to even tone, often in the third sentence.
The word "ping ping" is replaced by "ping ping, ping ping" and becomes "ping ping,
Flat and light. For example, Li Bai wrote in At the End of the Sky:
Cold wind is blowing from the distant sky,
What are you thinking, old friend? .
Goose never answers me,
Rivers and lakes are flooded by rain.
A poet should beware of prosperity,
However, the devil will haunt the wanderer.
It should be a ghost,
Throw poems at him, where he threw himself into the river.
The third sentence "the geese cross the river and don't answer me" should be smooth and steady, and the fourth sentence "the rivers and lakes are full of rain" should be the third word.
Changed it to a flat voice. Seven characters are similar to this. It is the fifth word of "average, average"
The fifth word of the sentence is replaced by a flat voice to remedy it, that is, "flat, flat, flat" has become "
Plain, plain, plain. "
Even the first word, the poet likes to save it. For example, Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night:
Good rain knows its correct time;
When spring comes, it will fall.
The wind blows its mouth at night;
Silent, it moistens everything.
Dark clouds filled the wild lane;
A lantern loomed in the boat.
Dawn sees saturated red;
The town is full of flowers.
The first word of the seventh sentence should be flat, and the word "small" should be used, and the word "Hua" should be added to the first word of the eighth sentence.
Save.
Another example is Pavilion Night:
When the sunlight in winter becomes shorter on the elemental scale,
The end of the world is frosty and snowy.
Stark sounded the fifth watch, challenging the drum and horn,
The stars and rivers in the sky pulsate on three mountains.
Several families cried and heard about the war.
I saw the savage fisherman and woodcutter at dawn.
Wolong, Pegasus, they are not generals now, they are dust,
Personnel are lonely.
The first word of the third sentence should be flat ("five") and the first word of the fourth sentence should be flat ("three");
The first word of the seventh sentence should be flat ("lying"), and the first word of the eighth sentence should be flat ("people").
Sometimes, this sentence is a mixture of self-help and remedy. For example, one of "Twelve Poems for Relieving boredom":
Chai Feixing is scattered in Cao Ge,
Waves cross the river and black rain flies.
Mountain birds feed red fruits by introducing seeds.
The girl by the river got money to raise the white fish.
Strict plan should be:
Ordinary, ordinary, ordinary.
Flat and light.
Flat and light, flat and light.
Ordinary, ordinary, ordinary.
And the level of this poem is:
It is flat. It is flat.
Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.
Flat and uniform.
Ping, ping, ping.
Here is a self-help sentence (save "overthrow" with "river" and save "flow" with "harvest") and a counterpoint remedy.
(Keep "food" by "staying"), but there are also some unsolved ("stars"). In fact, in the "135",
It is also common to lose your job. For example, "climb up":
In the wild wind in the vast sky, the ape is sobbing,
Birds fly over the clear lake and white sand beach and fly home.
Leaves fall like a waterfall,
When I watch the long river roll forward.
I came from three thousand miles away. Sadness is accompanied by autumn,
With my hundred years of sorrow, I climbed this height alone.
Bad luck has frosted my temples,
Heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine.
The "sand" in the second sentence saved Zhu, and the "Zhu" in the first sentence saved Feng, but the first sentence
The ape is hopeless.
Like this, it has not been saved, destroying the balance of the number of leveling in a league, but these all happen in "one"
The position of "35" is tolerable as long as there is no isolated sound or third-level sound. This is an incomplete statistic.
oh There is also a contradiction that appears in the position of "246". This is the real contradiction, and the contradiction is not here.
Discuss it. However, there is an embarrassing phrase, which is used quite a lot in Tang poetry and cannot be ignored. Please see Li is bad at the end of the day.
White ":
Cold wind is blowing from the distant sky,
What are you thinking, old friend? .
Goose never answers me,
Rivers and lakes are flooded by rain.
A poet should beware of prosperity,
However, the devil will haunt the wanderer.
It should be a ghost,
Throw poems at him, where he threw himself into the river.
The first sentence should have been "flat and flat", but it was written as "flat and flat", using the second and fourth words.
Flat voice violates the law that every pair we mentioned at the beginning must be reversed. In these seven words, it means "even"
Flat and flat "is written as" flat and flat, flat and flat ",such as Five Poems on Monuments, which are used in almost every capital.
This special sentence pattern. First of all:
Abandoned in the northeast wind and dust,
Wandering in the southwest between heaven and earth.
Stay in the towers and terraces of the Three Gorges for days or months,
Wuxi clothes * * * Yunshan.
The barbarians who ultimately serve the rulers are unreliable,
The poet failed and did not return it.
Yu Xin's life is the most tragic,
In his later years, his poems sensationalized the land of rivers and passages.
The seventh sentence is this sentence pattern. Second:
I know Song Yu's sadness,
Romantic and elegant, he is also my teacher.
Looking sadly at a thousand autumn days, a tear,
Melancholy in different times, not at the same time.
Between mountains and rivers, his old home-emptying his works,
Abandoned sex platform-certainly not imagined in the dream, right? .
All the palaces of Chu were destroyed,
The fishermen who pointed out them today are uncertain.
The seventh sentence "min" can be flat and graceful. If you read it flat, it becomes this sentence pattern. Third:
Wanhe is near Jingmen,
The village where the goddess of light was born and raised.
She walked out of the purple palace and came to the desert.
She has now become a green grave in the yellow dusk.
Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? ,
Return to the soul of moonlit night.
Singing Tatar songs on her jade guitar,
Tell her eternal sorrow.
The seventh sentence is still this sentence pattern. Fourth:
Mr Shu caught a glimpse of the Three Gorges in Xing Wu.
In the year of his death, he was also in the palace of eternal peace.
The blue-green flag on the empty mountain can be imagined.
The Emerald Palace is a hollow in an abandoned temple.
In the pine forests of ancient temples, water cranes nest,
In summer and winter festivals, the people who come are the elders in the village.
Wuhou Temple is nearby,
In the alliance, the monarch and the minister share the sacrifice.
The first sentence is this sentence pattern. Fifth:
Zhuge's prestige transcends the earth,
Only respect for his face.
However, his will, in the Three Kingdoms War,
Just burning a feather under the sky.
He is the brother of Yi and Lu,
Will eventually surpass all the greatest politicians.
It is difficult to recover the good fortune when it reaches the Han Dynasty.
However, he used his mind and gave his life for this.
The fifth sentence is this sentence pattern again. Because this sentence pattern is used too much (often used in the seventh sentence), a few
Almost as common as regular sentence patterns, we have to regard it as a special legal sentence, not an embarrassing sentence. poetic sentiment
The reason why people like to use this special sentence pattern may be because the conventional sentence patterns are "flat and flat" and "flat and flat"
Pinot has three flat tones. Although it is not at the end of the sentence, it is still a bit awkward to read.
To change. It is worth noting that when using this sentence pattern, the first word of five words and the third word of seven words must be
This is a dull voice. You can't ignore it.
contrast
These four verses all have a specific name. The first couplet is called the first couplet, the second couplet is called the parallel couplet, and the third couplet.
It's called the neck joint, and the fourth joint is called the tail joint. According to the regulations, parallel couplets and neck couplets must be opposite, and the first couplet and tail couplet can be right or wrong.
That's right. These two quatrains are also right or wrong. No matter whether the first couplet is arranged correctly or not, the middle couplet should be typed.
The last couplet is wrong, so it ends here.
The first characteristic of duality is that syntax should be the same. For example, one night abroad:
The breeze rippled on the grass bank,
Through the night, I came to my still tall mast.
The stars tilt down from the empty place,
The moon runs up the river.
If my art can make me famous,
Free my sick old age from the office! .
Flying around, what am I like?
But sandpipers in the vast world! .
This is the head, chin and neck. The first sentence of the first couplet has no predicate, and the second sentence is relatively meaningless.
The sentence pattern of the upper sentence of the couplet is "subject-predicate-object", and so is the next sentence. The neck joint is also phase.
Same sentence pattern.
Another example is thinking of my brothers on a moonlit night:
A vagrant heard the drums heralding the battle,
The first call of a wild goose on the border in autumn.
He knew that the dew tonight would be frost,
How bright the moonlight is at home! .
Oh, my brothers, lost and scattered,
What does life without you mean to me? .
The delivery of books is very long,
What can I expect during the war? .
The first sentence of the couplet is written by breaking up the word "Millennium", and the next sentence is written the same way, that is, putting "bright moon"
The word break up.
The second characteristic of duality is that you can't use the same words to oppose each other. Just like "people have joys and sorrows, and the moon is full of rain and shine."
The antithesis of "round deficiency" is allowed in words and songs, but absolutely not in modern poetry. In fact, unless
It is the need of rhetoric, and modern poetry must avoid the same words.
The third feature of duality is that parts of speech should be relative, that is, nouns to nouns, verbs to verbs, and descriptions.
Words to adjectives, adverbs to adverbs, pronouns to pronouns, function words to function words. If you want to be neat, you must also.
Use words (mainly nouns) that belong to the same type in meaning, such as astronomy to astronomy and geography to the earth.
Science, logarithm, orientation to each other, color to color, season to season, device to device, personnel to.
Personnel, biology to biology, and so on, but not synonyms. As mentioned above, "the stars are leaning down from the empty place, and the moon is surging."
The river, the star and the moon are astronomical pairs to the river, the wild pair to the river is geographical pair, and the vertical pair is geographical pair.
"Ping" to "Da" and "Kuan" to "Liu" are also verbs of the same type.
Relativity of adjectives. Fighting like this is called workers' fighting.
There are some homonyms that form the duality of work, which is called borrowing. For example, "Wild Hope":
The mountains in the west and the three fortified towns are covered with snow.
The water in this southern lake sparkles on a long bridge.
But the wind and dust from one ocean to another separated me from my brothers.
I can't help crying, I am so far away.
I want nothing but old illness,
I am not as useful to my country as a speck of dust.
I rode to the edge of town. I looked at the horizon,
Day after day, the world is in chaos.
The first pair of couplets "West" is an orientation pair, "Mountain" is a geographical pair, and "Three" is ten thousand.
It is several pairs, while "white" and "Qing" use the homophonic "Qing" to form colors.
That's right. This kind of borrowing is also a job right.
This homophonic borrowing is more common in color pairs. For example, the third poem of Qinzhou Miscellaneous Poems:
The state map leads the same valley,
There is quicksand in the post road.
The surrender of prisoners is also a thousand confessions.
There are tens of thousands of people.
Sweaty,
Hu Wu's white hoof is inclined.
Young Lin Taozi,
Xi lai is also proud of himself.
The neckline is homophonic with "Zhu" and opposite to "white". Another example is sitting alone:
Sadness returns to the white-haired head,
Holding a stick, carrying a lonely city.
Jiang Lianzhou Zhu Chu,
Empty, the wind is clear and the gas is positive.
Cang Ming hates disappearing,
Zhu ai lost his life.
Appreciate the yellow birds,
It is light to throw a feather in the forest.
Necklace is homophonic with pale, as opposed to Zhu.
In a couplet, if most words are written neatly, other words can be sloppy. take for example
Spring:
Although a country is divided, mountains and rivers still exist.
Trees and grass turn green again in spring.
Petals shed like tears,
Lonely birds sang their sorrows.
After three months of fighting,
Letters from home are priceless.
I stroke my white hair. It became too thin,
Jade can't be beaten.
"Where the petals have flowed like tears, the lonely birds sang their sorrows". "Time" and "No" are not relative, but others.
Every word is neat, and it is right to put it together.
For seven characters, the fifth word can be arbitrary. For example, Du Fu's poem Shu Xiang:
Where is the temple of the famous prime minister?
In a pine forest near the Silk City.
The green grass in spring dyed the steps red,
Birds are chirping happily under the leaves.
3. Concerned about frequent world plans,
He gave his heart to two generations.
But before he conquered, he was dead,
Since then, heroes have been crying on their coats.
The fifth words "Tian" and "Lao" in the necklace "Look at the world diligently and give sincerity to two generations" are incorrect.
Some couplets seem to be wrong on the surface, but in fact they are opposite in other senses, such as this couplet and "Chao"
"Gu" uses different meanings of "Chao" as relatives, and "Xia" uses different meanings of "Xia" as relatives of "Chen"
Yes, not what they mean in the sentence. Besides, there are some antitheses, and we don't know whether they are relative or not until we know their origins.
For example, Qujiang's second poem:
Go back to spring clothes every day,
Jiangtou is drunk every day.
Alcohol debt is common,
Life is seventy years old.
Pierre Aries Piesinous deeply saw that,
Water dragonflies fly very slowly.
Scenes of information flow,
For the time being, it's not the same.
It seems wrong for Zhuan Xu to use "ordinary" to mean "seventy". In fact, "eight feet is called begging, twice is called begging", "begging"
The word "Chang" can also be used as a numeral, which is quite neat with "seventy". Using other meaning and allusions like this,
Turning a corner is unexpected and an opportunity. It is often considered a good couple, and
The "seeking phoenix lattice" of lantern riddles also has the same effect.
The upper and lower sentences in couplets are generally different or opposite in content. If two sentences are completely synonymous or basic
Synonym, called "crossing your hands", is a taboo in poetry. But sometimes the upper and lower sentences are interrelated and talk about the same thing.
Things, the next sentence follows the last sentence, and the two sentences are actually one sentence. This is called "running water pair". Such as "Wen Guanjun River"
Southern Hebei:
The news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! ,
At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat.
Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. ,
However, I packed my books and poems crazily.
Sing my songs loudly, drink my wine,
In the green spring, I began to go home.
Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain,
Come from the south, then go north-to my own town! .
The next sentence of the tail couplet follows the last sentence to describe the journey, which is a flowing pair. Another example is Qiu Xing:
The sunset in the ancient city of Kuifu is oblique,
Every Beidou Wang Jinghua.
Listening to the ape shed three tears,
I'll confirm with you in August.
Draw a pillow on the incense burner,
The mountain floor powder is deeply sad.
Look at the vines on the stone,
The flowers of reeds have been reflected on the mainland.
The coccygeal joint is also a flowing pair. Running water pairs are generally considered to be good pairs. If you want to use tail-linking,
I often stop the whole poem with running water.
Sometimes there is duality in a sentence. Such as "Climbing the Heights":
In the wild wind in the vast sky, the ape is sobbing,
Birds fly over the clear lake and white sand beach and fly home.
Leaves fall like a waterfall,
When I watch the long river roll forward.
I came from three thousand miles away. Sadness is accompanied by autumn,
With my hundred years of sorrow, I climbed this height alone.
Bad luck has frosted my temples,
Heartache and fatigue are a thick layer of dust in my wine.
All four sentences in this poem are antithetical, and some of them are antithetical. The first sentence "the wind is urgent" is opposite to "the sky is high"
",the second sentence" Zhu Qing "(homophonic" Daqing ") was changed to" Sha Bai ",and the seventh sentence" Bitter "was changed to" Bitter ".
Hate ",the eighth sentence" down and out "and" new stop "are all self-correcting in this sentence first, and then turn to the opposite sentence. interesting
Yes, because the first sentence rhymes, it can't be completely opposite to the second sentence on the level, but the meaning is correct.
Perfect. This poem is known as the first of the seven laws in ancient and modern times, even if it is only formal, it can live up to this reputation. (Excerpted from October Forum)