The lyric way of directly expressing love and hate attitude towards related people and things is direct lyric, also called direct expression of feelings. Such as Yuefu poetry? Advocate the song "in" evil! I want to know you and live a long life. There is no mausoleum in the mountains, the river is exhausted, there is lightning and thunder in winter, and there is rain and snow in summer. Heaven and earth are in harmony, and I dare to separate from you. "Writing a woman's confession to" Jun "directly expresses the girl's true, perfect and intense love, which is frank, true and shocking. Another example is "before me, where was the past era?" Behind me, where are the future generations? On the Youzhou Tower in Chen Ziang. I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, and my tears fall. " With a generous and sad style, the poet poured out his resentment and depression caused by his lack of talent through his poems and directly expressed his feelings.
Second, indirect lyric.
The creation of China's classical poems is very exquisite and concise. Generally, when dealing with emotions, poets do not express their feelings directly, but express their feelings in one way or another. Narration is based on things, scenery is used to express feelings, objects are used to express feelings, and history is used to express feelings.
1, lyrical reasons: For example, Li Bai's "Early Whitening City" "Bai Di's words in the clouds, thousands of miles away in Jiangling, one day. The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man. " In the narrative, it contains the author's desire to go home and reunite with his relatives. Another example is Qiu Si written by Zhang Ji in the Tang Dynasty. "Seeing the autumn wind in Luoyang, I want a writer to write a book. I was so anxious that I couldn't say it, and the pedestrians opened again. " With the help of a pregnant episode in daily life-the details of thoughts and actions when sending a letter home, this Qiu Si expresses the deep nostalgia of people who are away from home for their loved ones in a very real and delicate way.
2. Lyricism through scenery: When a poet feels something about a scene, he entrusts his feelings to the scene and expresses them by describing the scene. This lyric way is called borrowing scenery to express emotion. In general, it is the happy scene of Syaraku's feelings, and the sad scene expresses sadness, but there are also ways to write the sad scene with the happy scene, or write the sad scene with Syaraku's feelings.
Happy scenery and feelings: Du Fu's "Looking for Flowers Alone by the River", "The flowers of Huang Si's family are full of paths, and the flowers are low." Butterfly dances all day long, and Jiao Ying cries at home "is a work of Du Fu who has temporarily found a place to live in Chengdu Caotang after the troubled times, and is in a happy and peaceful mood." This poem describes the scenery throughout, which is rich and beautiful, and conveys the author's happy feelings. This is an example of Syaraku's happiness. Xie Lingyun's "Spring grass grows in the pool and garden willows turn into songbirds". From the spring grass, from the willows and singing birds in the garden, the poet felt the vitality of spring and showed his joy.
Sad scenery and feelings: for example, Yuan Zhen's "Wen Letian awarded Jiangzhou Sima", "The remnant lamp has no flame shadow, and I heard that you are in Jiujiang tonight. Sitting up in critical condition, the black wind blows the rain and hits the cold window. " Yuan Zhen was exiled to other countries, seriously ill and in a bad mood. Now I suddenly heard that my best friend was wronged and demoted, and my heart was even more shocked. I am full of grievances and worries. With this sad mood, all the scenery becomes gloomy. The first sentence and the second sentence are both scenery language and emotional language, expressing sadness with sadness, and integrating emotion with scenery, which is "wonderful and boundless".
Joy begets sorrow: The ancients said, "Joy begets sorrow, while Syaraku mourns, and its sorrow and joy multiply.". For example, Yuan Zhen's palace: "In the faded old palace, the peony was red, but no one came to see it. The ladies-in-waiting are already white-haired and arguing about the grand occasion of Tang Xuanzong. " This poem is about an empty ancient palace, where flowers are in full bloom and it is spring. Write a few white-headed ladies-in-waiting in three or four sentences and sit back and reminisce about Xuanzong's past. It can be seen that these ladies-in-waiting were the ladies-in-waiting of Xuanzong, and now they are all old. It expresses the desolation and sadness of ladies-in-waiting life, and places the poet's feelings about the ups and downs of the past world. Poetry expresses a sad mood, but deliberately describes \ \ \ "Gong Hua Hong \ \". According to our experience in life, the warm colors and blooming scenes of red flowers can often set off a happy mood, lively scenes and vibrant youth, but in this poem, it is different from \ \ "Gu Xing Gong \ \". The beauty of safflower contrasts with the bleak mood, highlighting the sad mood of the maid-in-waiting being confined. Safflower plays a great role here, that is, it makes use of the contradiction between good scenery and bad mood to highlight the central idea. Comparing the sadness with the music scene, the emotional sadness increases.
Sad Scenes and Happy Feelings: When Cousin Lu Lun Comes by Si Kongshu: There are no neighbors, only silent nights. I live in an old house. And the yellow leaves fall in the rain, just like the fate of the white-haired old man under the light. Ashamed of being lonely for so long, you often come to comfort me with you. But you can't come too often, more than brothers and lifelong friends. "The first four sentences describe the decadence in the quiet night, the poor people in the humble room, the yellow leaves in the cold rain and the white hair under the dim light, which constitute a complete picture of life. This painting is full of bitterness and sadness. The last four sentences directly reveal the theme of the poem. It is written that my cousin Lu Lun went to visit her relatives and friends sadly, so she was overjoyed.
3. Support things and express your feelings: support, trust and help; Things, objective things; Speech, expression; Ambition, ambition, volunteer, thought, emotion, philosophy, etc. To put it simply, expressing one's will by supporting things means expressing one's thoughts and feelings with the help of concrete external things. For example:
In Li Chen's Waterfall couplets, "Thousands of rocks and valleys spare no effort, and the source is high from afar." How can a stream stay? After all, the sea will make waves. "By writing waterfalls, I express my thoughts on social life: to aim high, not afraid of difficulties, and strive to achieve life goals.
Wang Anshi's "Beipi Apricot Flower" "A vicious spring water surrounds the flower body, and the flower shadows are enchanting, each occupying the spring scenery. It is better to be blown into snow by the spring breeze than to be crushed into dust by Nanmo. " Apricot flowers, gorgeous and refined, are more graceful beside the water. This poem is about apricot blossoms that bloom near the water. It is a poem about things, and it is also the embodiment of the author's indifferent mood and noble personality. Better be a broken jade than a stubborn personality of Waquan.
4, chanting history: such as Zhang Kejiu's "[China]?" The "nostalgic" beauty selling flowers committed suicide by the banks of the Wujiang River. The war once burned Chibi Mountain, and the generals were old. The song "Sadness in Qin and Han Dynasties, Life Exhausted, Literati Sighed" lamented the war between rulers and nations in Qin and Han Dynasties, which brought great disasters to the people and showed the author's sympathy for the people's thoughts and feelings.