The Writing Background and Central Idea of Du Mu in Red Cliff

Writing background: This poem was written by the poet after passing through the famous ancient battlefield Chibi (now Chiji Mountain in the southwest of Wuchang County, Hubei Province) and feeling the success or failure of heroes in the Three Kingdoms period. Battle of Red Cliffs, which took place in October, 13th year of Jian 'an of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty (2008), was a major battle that played a decisive role in the historical situation of the three kingdoms. As a result, Sun and Liu were defeated, and Zhou Yu, the 34-year-old commander-in-chief of Sun Wu, was the most important person in this battle. The poet watched the ruins of the ancient battlefield, and expressed his unique views on Battle of Red Cliffs, thinking that Zhou Yu's victory was a fluke, and at the same time expressed his lament for the rise and fall of the country. Affectionate

Appreciation of Poetry: At the beginning of the poem, people, things and things in the former dynasty were lamented by an antique. "If you don't sell iron, you will recognize it if you wash it." These two sentences mean that the broken Zhan Ji sank in the sand and was not eroded. After grinding, he recognized it as a relic of the previous dynasty. Here, these two descriptions seem dull, but they are uneven. The broken halberd is buried in the sand, pointing out the historical situation here. The broken sand in Zhan Ji has not been eroded, suggesting that time has passed and things have changed. It was because of the discovery of this rusty "broken halberd" buried at the bottom of the river for more than 600 years that the poet had a lot of thoughts, so he had to grind it out and identify it, and found that it was a weapon left over by Battle of Red Cliffs. In this way, the remains of the former dynasty further aroused the author's imagination and laid a good foundation for the later expression. "Dongfeng is not with Zhou Lang, and Tongque Chunsuo Er Qiao." These last two familiar words mean that if Dongfeng hadn't helped Zhou Yu, Tongquetai would have locked Er Qiao in Dongwu. This involves the famous Battle of Red Cliffs in history. The poet is quite clear about this, because Du Mu himself has the ability to help the world through the country, is familiar with politics and military affairs, and is very familiar with history and current affairs. As we all know, both Battle of Red Cliffs and Wu Sheng were defeated by Cao Cao, but here the author made a bold assumption of reverse thinking and put forward a hypothesis that is contrary to historical facts. What would have happened if Dongfeng hadn't helped Zhou Yu? The poet did not speak frankly about the end of the war. But "Tongquetai locks Er Qiao in spring". Tongquetai is Cao Cao's luxurious and dissipated place, where concubines and geisha are kept. The bronze sparrow terrace here reminds people of Cao Cao's romantic side. It is said that "deep spring" has deepened this romantic charm. Finally, the word "lock" is used to further highlight his meaning of golden house. It is really admirable to write so many stories about the victory and defeat of the war filled with smoke.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia