author: Xin Qiji
shepherd's purse flowers enter the plain in spring, and crows fall after the newly ploughed rain.
sentimental, white-haired and helpless, green curtain wine is easy to be credited in the evening.
idle attitude, careful life.
There is Sang Ma on the west side of the cowshed.
Who's the girl in the green skirt? Go and see my family while the silkworm is alive.
Appreciation:
This is a lyric poem. The first two sentences of the word spring into the plain shepherd's purse flowers, and the crows fall after the newly ploughed rain, describing the quiet and vibrant spring scene in the countryside. White shepherd's purse flowers filled the fields, the land was cultivated, and it coincided with the spring rain, and the crows were foraging in the newly turned land. Talking about several strokes, I vividly described a spring scenery in the country.
The word "shepherd's purse" comes from flowering to spring, which places great affection on ordinary humble shepherd's purse flowers and makes crows full of business, unlike the annoying noise we usually see. The poet pays attention to and depicts these details, which shows his leisurely attitude. However, the next two sentences are sentimental and white-haired, helpless, and the wine is easy to be credited in the evening, and the mood changes suddenly. The spring scenery that makes people feel comfortable is gone, and ten thousand kinds of sad hair are dyed white. What the word says is white hair, but in fact it is melancholy. Affectionate, white-haired and helpless, the poet was depressed, so he had to go to a small hotel to drink to relieve his worries. Here, the word sentimental is written humorously, which appropriately conveys the poet's bitter humor. And in this humor, people deeply feel the author's helpless sadness.
In the face of picturesque spring scenery, where did the poet's melancholy come from? This word has a small preface: visit Goose Lake, drunk book restaurant wall. We can find some clues from these two sentences. At this time, it was the time when the poet was dismissed from office and had to retire to the countryside. He was only forty-two years old at this time. He still has energy and ambition to do something. How can he stand a life of idleness and inaction? Therefore, when the poet swims in Goose Lake, facing the vibrant spring, he thinks of his own experience, and the frustration in his career and the melancholy feeling of lamenting the passage of time will arise spontaneously.
Wang Fuzhi, a Qing dynasty man, said: Write a lament with a happy scene, and mourn Syaraku with a sad scene, which will double its sorrow and joy. (Jiang Zhai Shi Hua). This is also the artistic technique of this word. What Xiagan wrote is a rural scene: the villagers are carefree, living in an orderly way, and the open space near the cowshed is full of Sang Ma. Spring sowing is about to begin, and the busy season is coming. I don't know whose young woman, wearing a white dress, is rushing to go to her parents' house while she is busy. Different from the first few words of this word, Xiatan Ci writers put pen to paper from a close distance, with a free word, a fine word, a word and an opportunity word, showing the leisure and simplicity of rural life in front of people. However, the more leisurely and simple the poet writes, the more reminiscent of the feeling of boredom and helplessness revealed by amorous white hair and helplessness in spring and easy credit in the evening. The poet wrote nothing about me, described the objective scene to his heart's content, and made great efforts to describe a world without me, in fact, I was in it. By using this superb artistic technique, the poet highlights the upset and complicated frustration in this leisurely atmosphere.
Maybe some people will ask: Since poets like the countryside and the simple and leisurely life in the countryside, why should they drown their sorrows in wine? Here, we must understand the poet's life background and his situation at that time. As we all know, Xin Qiji is an ambitious, just and patriotic poet. However, in the officialdom of feudal society at that time, there were plenty of intrigues, struggles for power and profits, and plenty of boasting, and the poet was tired of it, so he wanted to stay away from the noise of the city. He thought that the beautiful spring was in the fields, at the head of the stream, and in the snow-white mountains and plains. Now, although he is in a pure and fresh countryside, he is still sad, because he can't forget his motherland, Wan Li. He wants to go to the anti-Jin battlefield to recover the occupied land, which is the cause he really cares about. However, he is excluded from the countryside and leads a leisurely life. How can he not be sad? It's not that he doesn't like spring, but it can't bring him real happiness.
in a word, this word describes the author's anguish, and in this anguish, it expresses the author's pursuit, and it is a rare good word to express emotion by borrowing scenery.
Xin Qiji's partridge to send someone away
"Partridge to send someone away"
Author: Xin Qiji
Original text:
I haven't finished the tears of "Yangguan",
I'm going to make a meal after my fame.
Floating days send infinite trees,
Rain clouds bury half the mountains.
There are thousands of hatreds between the present and the present.
Should we just part, be it joys or sorrows?
there is no evil storm at the head of the river,
there is another it is hard to go!
Note:
1. Sing "Yangguan" thoroughly: sing the farewell song. Che, end; "Yangguan", the piano song "Yangguan Sandie".
2. Fame sentence: Fame is a superfluous thing, so eat more. The other version also makes a surplus of fame and fortune
3. Infinite: endless, boundless.
4. so-so: species.
5. Only one sentence should be answered: It is not only parting that makes people sad, but reunion that makes people happy. Only should, only think, here means not only.
6. Not yet.
7. don't have it: more.
Translation:
After the song "Yangguan" was sung, the tears did not dry up.
Taking fame as an afterthought, I advised to add more food.
Water and sky are connected,
It seems that trees on both sides of the river are sent to an infinite distance,
Dark clouds are carrying rain, and
heavy mountains are buried in half.
There are many things that make people resentful through the ages.
Is it only parting that makes people sad?
Party makes people happy?
It's not very sinister when the wind is high and the waves are sharp,
but it's even more difficult to travel on earth.
Appreciation:
(1)
This word is found in the first collection of Jia Xuan Ci, a four-volume book, which was written by the author in his middle age. At that time, the author had experienced many setbacks in his official career, so although the ci was written for giving away people, it mostly expressed the feeling of hardship in the world.
The first two sentences of Shanggan: I haven't dried my tears when I sang "Yangguan", so I have to do more things and eat more. The last sentence is farewell. "Three Stacks at Yangguan" is a farewell song of the Tang people, and with the words "sing thoroughly and tears are not dry", it is even more sad.
judging from the author's personality, farewell will never bring him such sadness. He has always been depressed about his official career and the world. It happened that when he was touched by the farewell, he rushed out, so he had this situation. When the next sentence suddenly breaks down and talks about fame, I feel that my background is clear. The author, like Lu You, attaches great importance to establishing fame for the restoration of the country. His poem "Shui Long Yin" said: If you count Wan Li as a hero, your fame and fortune are based on true Confucianism, and you will know whether it is true or not. I think it is my duty to establish fame; The word "Shuidiao Song Tou" says: fame and fortune, when will you rest before you get old? There are thousands of books and poems, and I have to go to Guyizhou. It is believed that the pursuit of fame should be persistent and have lofty goals. However, in this poem, fame is regarded as a matter outside the body. It is because of dissatisfaction with the court's knees for peace with Kim, and his ambition to serve the country is hard to be rewarded, and he was forced to retire, passive and angry words: and adding meals, using the "Nineteen Ancient Poems" to give up donations and try to add meals, is also angry words. The water is connected, as if the trees on both sides of the river to endless distance, dark clouds with rain, the mountains buried half of the mountains. When writing the farewell scenery, the scenery looks vivid, and the pen is also very vigorous, and the flowing water on the horizon sends endless tree colors, which is related to the imaginary journey of pedestrians after parting; Clouds in the rain buried half of the green hills, which was related to Lenovo's gentleman being covered and suppressed by evil villains. The two different thoughts and feelings in the related words of scenes and sentences are not only closely related, but also implicit and full of aftertaste.
the next three sentences are as follows: there are thousands of hatreds in the present and the present, and it's only sorrow and joy that should be separated. Here, the separation, sorrow and joy are partial words. Due to the provisions of the situation that the topic gives people away and the first sentence of the next sentence hates each other in the present and the present, so the separation only takes the meaning of the word, and the sorrow only takes the meaning of the word. When Shang Que wrote farewell, the lyric of Xia Que should have been based on don't hate, but the author turned sharply, saying that there are thousands of regrets in modern times. Is it sad only to leave? The rhetorical tone is more passionate than the positive judgment tone. It is not the only sad and hateful thing to say goodbye when writing lyrics to give people away, which shows that the thoughts and feelings of Ci will be further developed. Immediately afterwards, it seemed to shout and swallow his heart: Jiangtou is not a storm, there is no it is hard to go on earth. Pedestrians set foot on the journey, by river and lake-the storms, the wrecks, the fears that are borne on a little boat (Du Fu's Dream of Li Bai), but the author thinks that the experience of going there is more sinister than it. It is an invisible storm that exists in people's minds and in personnel struggles; It makes people fear and hate, which is more than the general hate of parting and the sadness of traveling. Qutang noisy twelve beaches, people say that the road is difficult since ancient times; It is better to hate people's hearts than water, and to make waves casually. (Liu Yuxi's "Zhuzhi Ci") The ancients have already spoken of the taste. The author here does not simply borrow the poetry of his predecessors, but has his own personal experience. He devoted his whole life to restoring his career. When he was an official, he liked to raise money for training, and he was strict in law enforcement, offending capitulationists and powerful and rich families, so he was illegally dismissed several times. For example, during the tenure of Hunan Anfu Ambassador, the Flying Tigers Army was established, and later, during the tenure of two criminal prisons in the west of Zhejiang Province, the fact was disintegrated as rape, greed and violence, and was dismissed from office. This is a clear example of the evil in personnel affairs. The last two sentences of the words written by the author contain more sad experiences and show a broader and more thrilling artistic realm. The feelings are dripping and the words are still subtle. I would cross the Yellow River, but ice chokes the ferry in Li Bai's "it is hard to go" will be filled with snow in the Taihang Mountains, sharing this grief and indignation; It is hard to go in Bai Juyi's Taihang Road is not in the water, not in the mountains, but in the midst of repeated human feelings, which can explain the cause and essence of grief and indignation.
Although this poem is short in length, it contains broad and profound thoughts and feelings. Its style is deep and subtle, and it is easy to lift weight, but it tries to penetrate the back of the paper without seeing the traces of use, showing the great tolerance of Xin Ci.
(2)
Farewell words are a big family in words. From the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song Dynasty, men and women were often separated. Since ancient times, people who have been fascinated by ecstasy have only left (Jiang Yan's Biefu). Sentimental feelings and plaintive voices often cover the whole article. Xin Qiji's farewell words, however, have many good intentions and always go beyond the usual situation. This song "Partridge Sky" can be a representative.
one after another, but the opposite is true: fame and fortune and extra meals. Fame means official rank. Zhang Hua's poem "Answering He Shao": Self-giving and knowledge, ambition is not in fame. It is really rare in feudal society to regard fame as a hobby, or to say that ambition is not in fame.
the first sentence is floating in the sky, reflecting the feelings with the scenery and setting off the dyeing. Write the water in the river first: the water and the sky are connected, as if sending the trees on both sides to the infinite distance; Later, write clouds in the air: dark clouds carry rain and bury the heavy mountains in half. It is love that is quiet and quiet, and single love is dew; The scenery is full of emotion, but the scenery alone is stagnant (Shen Xiong's "Ancient and Modern Ci-Hua Ci-Pin" is a quotation from Song Zhengbi). And the words of love will be reflected by the scenery, which is profound and beautiful (Wu Hengzhao's "Lotus Seeds in Ci", Volume 2). In this way, the desolate taste of the trade is pushed to a higher level. The floating sky sends infinite trees, and the rain clouds bury half the mountains, which contains the sad feelings of the author when he leaves and the anger of his ambition. The author uses the scenery to express his feelings, first writing that water and sky are connected, as if sending the trees on both sides of the strait to an infinite distance; After writing the clouds in the air, the dark clouds carry rain and bury the heavy mountains in half, and the emotions are contained in them, which is really subtle and full of aftertaste.
The knot is still fastened. Inscription: The river head is not a storm, and there is no it is hard to go on earth. It's very dangerous when the wind is high and the waves are urgent, but where can there be a it is hard to go on earth? Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poems Volume 7 quotes Yuefu Solving Problems, saying, "it is hard to go", which indicates that the world is difficult and the parting is sad, mostly headed by your absence. Not today. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Bao Zhao wrote 18 pieces of "Imitating it is hard to go" (19 pieces in one piece), stating that individuals are not useful to the world, or criticizing social reality. These two sentences have profound meanings, which are in response to Xin Qiji's life experience and include all kinds of life experiences with the lake now. A 56-word poem "Give Someone away" is written with such rich connotations and lofty sentiments, and it is rare to feel ecstasy, and it has a sense of heroism beyond long-term affection (Liu Chenweng's Preface to Xinjiaxuan), from which the word can be realized. Xiaque expressed two new ideas: First, there are many things that make people resentful throughout the ages, not only where will you go, but also national affairs; Second, the author highlights the difficulty of walking on earth and the danger of the world with the sinister storm in Jiangtou.
(3) The word
begins with a statement of divorce. Wang Weiyou, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Send Yuan and Two Ambassadors to Anxi": Weicheng is raining and clearing the dust, and the guest house is green and willow-colored. I advise you to have a glass of wine, and there is no reason to go out of Yangguan. After entering Yuefu, I thought it was farewell. Li Dongyang's "Poems on the Foothills" said: As soon as this speech came out, it was not enough for a while, and it was even a three-fold song. After the farewell, there are thousands of words, which can hardly be beyond the meaning. Commonly known as "Three Layers in Yangguan", also known as "Weicheng Qu". Here, the farewell scene is condensed into a song (finished) without tears, showing the image of sadness. One after another, it is ironic: fame and fortune and meals. Fame means official rank. Zhang Hua's poem "Answering He Shao": Self-giving and knowledge, ambition is not in fame. It is really rare in feudal society to regard fame as a residual matter, or to say that ambition is not in fame. Xin Qiji has a guest who talks about fame, because he remembers the poem "Partridge Sky" about the current affairs of teenagers: when he is strong, he holds a banner and rides across the river suddenly. Surrounded by thousands of troops and horses, it is a patriotic feat to break through the tight encirclement and cross the river to go to the court of Dasong, so it is not for fame! He saved the king's world and won his fame before and after his death (Broken Array). In feudal society, they are interrelated. In other words, only by reaching, can we be good at the world. Therefore, it is advised to increase the meal by treating fame as something else. Under the specific historical circumstances that the national enemy has not reported the strong man and the old man (Lu You's poem), there are not many broad-minded elements here, but more anger, irony and arrogance.
Let's discuss it from the long history: there are thousands of hatreds today and in the past; Should only be on and off? Is it joys and sorrows? There are many things that make people resentful through the ages. Is it only parting that makes people sad? Do parties make people happy? After all, separation and marriage are personal matters, and they are just a kind of hatred between the present and the present. The implication is that the division of the country and the suffering of the people are more worthy of attention than personal joys and sorrows! It's even more important to use a sentence that should only be questioned.
Xin Qiji's partridge breaks the tender bud of soft mulberry on the stranger
"Partridge breaks the tender bud of soft mulberry on the stranger"
Author: Xin Qiji
Soft mulberry breaks the tender bud on the stranger, and some silkworm eggs have been born in the east.
The fine grass in Pinggang sings yellow calves, and the dusk crows in the cold forest at sunset.
The mountains are far and near, the roads are oblique, and Qingqi has people selling wine.
in the city, peaches and plums worry about the wind and rain, and in spring, shepherd's purse blooms in the stream.
Translation:
In the wild, tender buds appeared on the soft mulberry strips.
The silkworm eggs of Dongtou neighbors have hatched some young silkworms.
On the flat hillside, yellow-haired calves graze there, and
they make noises from time to time.
The setting sun shines on the chilly forest, and
The crows who stay at night adorn the scenery of the cold forest.
There are also distant mountains and
oblique mountain roads.
There are also small hotels selling wine with flags.
The peach and plum trees in the city are afraid of wind and rain.
white shepherd's purse blooms all over the stream.