Gongyi historical celebrity - Du Fu
Du Fu, courtesy name Zimei, was born on the first day of the first lunar month in the first year of Tai Chi in Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 712), on the second day of the second lunar month in the east of the old city of Gong County, Henan Province At the foot of Bijia Mountain in Nanyaowan Village (now Nanyaowan Village, Zhanjie Town, Gongyi City). Du Fu's ancestral home was Sheling, Chang'an, and his distant ancestors moved south to Xiangyang with the Jin Dynasty. Du Fu's great-grandfather Du Yiyi moved his family to Gong County when he was the magistrate of Gong County. Grandfather She Shenyan was a famous poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Sun inherited his ancestral legacy. Du Fu reached the peak of his poetry creation and became a great realist poet in our country and even the world.
Driving eight kilometers east from the city, you will arrive at Nanyaowan Village, the hometown of Du Fu. It has beautiful scenery, beautiful mountains and rivers, and is very poetic. There is a clear and turbulent river in front of the village, gurgling northward into Luoshui. There are three peaks forming the shape of a penholder to the north of the village entrance. People call it Bijia Mountain. There is a round low-lying land behind the mountain, which looks like an inkstone. There is a small courtyard at the foot of Bijia Mountain. In the middle of the courtyard there is a cave dwelling made of bricks, which is 10 meters deep, 2 meters wide and 3 meters high. Du Fu, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, was born in this cave dwelling. Although the origin of this kiln is unknown, the local people have passed it down from generation to generation and habitually call it "Gongbu Kiln". The upper part of the cave has been eroded by wind and rain for more than a thousand years, and soil erosion has been serious, causing the front half to collapse. During the feudal era, this dilapidated kiln, like Du Fu, was neglected for more than a thousand years.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the party and the government attached great importance to the cave dwelling where the poet was born, and allocated funds for many times to repair it. In 1962, in order to commemorate the 1250th anniversary of Du Fu's birth, the "Du Fu Hometown Memorial Hall" was established in the kiln where Du Fu was born. Mr. Guo Moruo was invited to write an inscription and the famous painter Jiang Zhaohe was invited to draw a portrait of Du Fu. In 1963, the Henan Provincial People's Government announced Du Fu's Birth Kiln as a provincial key cultural relic protection unit.
In front of the kiln where Du Fu was born is a small courtyard with three original west rooms, which were the exhibition rooms for Du Fu’s life and poems. Different versions of the company's poems are placed indoors. There are more than 500 volumes of poetry and essay collections of the He Research Society, as well as many foreign language editions of the poetry of the Society. On the wall hangs Du Fu's poetic paintings and portraits of Du Fu painted by painters of past dynasties. In the middle is a bronze bust of Du Fu sculpted by contemporary professor Zeng Zhushao. The gate of the hometown courtyard faces west. There used to be a well in the courtyard. Legend has it that it was the well used by the Du family to draw water. It also nurtured two generations of poets (Du Shenyan and Du Fu), so people call this well the "Spirit Well". About this And there are many touching legends. Now a pavilion has been built over the well, and the well has been dug again to restore its original appearance. There is a stone tablet embedded in the gable on the right side of the gate, with the four characters "Hometown of the Poet" engraved on it. It was written by Zhang Han, Yin of Henan Province in the Qing Dynasty, and Yongzheng Emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Ding Wei (1727 AD) The chrysanthemum moon stands.
Zhang Han admired the social poems and Du Fu's character very much. It is said that in the imperial examination, the questions were too difficult. When he was worried, he saw an old man in blue clothes floating towards him and passing by him. The guidance made Zhang Hanmao suddenly enlightened and open-minded. After writing and writing, he was successful in three games, won the imperial court, and was appointed as the governor of Henan. So Zhang Han happily went to Luoyang to take up his post with his servants and entourage.
One day, while walking to the entrance of Nanyaowan Village, Zhang Han saw an old man through the curtain of the sedan chair, walking calmly and crossing the sedan chair. Zhang Han thought to himself: The old man from the village is so impolite. Although he thought so, he felt that the old man looked familiar. As he pondered, he suddenly remembered: Wasn't he the old man who inspired his literary thoughts in the examination room? He hurriedly asked to get off the sedan, but when he got out of the sedan, the old man was nowhere to be seen. When I asked the servants on the left and right, they all said they didn't see any old people. Zhang Han was suspicious, so he walked to the village to find out if there were any famous remains nearby. The common people pointed to the courtyard at the foot of Bijia Mountain and said: "This courtyard is the place where the poet and social worker of the Tang Dynasty was born." When Zhang Han heard this, he suddenly realized that he hurriedly dusted off his clothes and straightened his crown, and went to the hospital to pay his respects. When he looked up, he saw a deserted area full of wormwood. The courtyard is in a state of ruin with ruined walls and broken walls. At this time, Zhang Han thought about the poet's life of singing, worrying about the country and the people, wandering around, and living in poverty all his life. He not only sighed: "A generation of poets has been so depressed after his death!" So he respectfully burned incense and paid homage to the birthplace of Du Fu. Cave dwellings, admiring Beacon Mountain, and then embarking on the journey to take office. I was filled with emotion along the way.
After Zhang Han took office, he thought of Du Fu and often couldn't sleep at night, so he sent people to look for Du Fu's descendants. He built Du Fu's poem at the west end of Dongzhan Street, erected a monument at the entrance to Du Fu's hometown village, personally visited Du Fu's tomb, organized Du Fu's descendants to compile the family tree of the She family, and personally wrote the preface ("Preface to the Complete Spectrum of Poetry"). ). At the entrance of Nanyaowan Village, not far from the kiln where Du Fu was born, there is a stele tower with "Hometown of Du Fu, Ministry of Industry of the Tang Dynasty" engraved on the front. It was built by Li Tianjie, the magistrate of Gong County in the 31st year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1766). There is a stele embedded in the wall of the stele building, which is the "Stele of Duke Zhenwen of the Ministry of Industry of the Tang Dynasty". It was built in the 12th year of Tongzhi ( AD 1873) was established by the thirty-fourth and fifth generation descendants of Du Fu.
In the courtyard of Du Fu’s Hometown Memorial Hall, several steles of Du Fu’s poems and steles of Song Society poems have been erected. Among them, the steles of poems written in English by Rewi Alley represent the admiration of foreign scholars for Du Fu. Plant a jujube tree in the northwest corner of the courtyard. In August and September, the fruits are abundant and mouth-watering. Whenever people see this jujube tree, they will think of the poem in Du Fu's "The Collection of Hundred Worries": " A hundred million years and fifteen years old, the heart is still a child, and it is as strong as a yellow calf walking back. In August, pears and jujubes are ripe in front of the court, and one can climb a tree in one day and return.
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