"Seven Quatrains by Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty, Walking Alone by the River Looking for Flowers"
I am annoyed by the flowers on the river, and I have no place to tell you but I am crazy.
Walking to find my southern neighbor I love the company of wine, and I drink alone in an empty bed for ten days.
I am afraid of the thick flowers and stamens on the riverside, and I am afraid of spring when I walk in danger.
Poetry and wine are still worthy of being driven, but not yet You have to take care of the white-headed people.
The river is deep and the bamboos are quiet for two or three houses, and the troublesome red flowers reflect the white flowers.
There is a way to repay spring, and you should have good wine to accompany your life.
< p>Looking to the east, Shaocheng is full of flowers, and the tall buildings with hundreds of flowers are even more pitiful.Who can bring wine and open the marigold, and call the beautiful ladies to dance and embroider the feast.
The river in front of Huangshi Pagoda is east of the river. , Spring is lazy and sleepy, relying on the breeze.
A cluster of peach blossoms blooms without an owner, the lovely deep red loves the light red.
Huang Si’s natal family is full of flowers, with thousands of flowers hanging down the branches.
Lingering butterflies dance all the time, and the orioles are singing at ease.
If you don’t love flowers, you are willing to die, but you are afraid that the flowers will run out and grow old.
The branches are numerous. It is easy to fall one after another, and the young leaves bloom slowly.
Commentary on the work
[1] Original note: Hu Sirong, I am a drunkard.
Huang Si’s maiden’s flower The branches are covered with thousands of flowers.
The butterflies dance all the time, and the orioles sing at ease.
In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (760), Du Fu lived in Xiguo Thatched Cottage, Chengdu. , after suffering from the chaos, he began to have a place to settle down, and the poet felt happy for this. In the spring season, he walked alone along the riverside, his feelings arose with the scenery, and he composed seven poems in a row. This is the sixth poem in the series.
The first sentence points out the location of looking for flowers, which is on the path of "Huang Si's mother's house". This sentence uses people's names in the poem, which has a strong interest in life and has a folk song flavor. The second sentence "Thousands of flowers", It is the embodiment of the word "man" in the previous sentence. "Pressing the branches low" depicts the heavy flowers bending the branches, and the scenery is as vivid as before. The words "pressing" and "low" are used very accurately and vividly. The third sentence writes about the colorful butterflies fluttering on the flower branches, "lingering" because they are in love with the flowers, implying the fragrance and beauty of the flowers. The flowers are cute, and the dancing posture of the butterflies is also cute, which inevitably makes people who are walking around "lingering". But he Maybe he didn't stop, but continued to move forward, because the scenery is infinite and there are many beautiful scenery. "Shishi" is not just an occasional sight. These two words exaggerate the joy of spring. While enjoying the scenery, it happens that A string of beautiful songs of the oriole came, awakening the poet who was intoxicated in the flowers. This is the artistic conception of the last sentence. The word "jiao" describes the softness of the oriole's voice. "Freedom" is not only an objective portrayal of the posture of the oriole, but also conveys It gives people a psychologically happy and relaxed feeling. The poem ends with the sound of the song "Cha Cha", which has a lingering rhyme. Reading this quatrain, it feels like you are walking on the road leading to "Huang Si's mother's house" in the suburbs of Chengdu thousands of years ago. On the way, enjoy with the poet the infinite beauty that spring brings to sight and sound.
This poem is about appreciating the scenery. This kind of theme is common in quatrains of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. But like this poem, the description is very subtle and the colors Exceptionally beautiful ones are rare. For example, "My old friend's house is on the bank of peach blossoms, until the stream flows in front of the door" (Chang Jian's "Three Days in Search of Li Jiuzhuang"), "Last night the wind exposed the peaches in the well, and the moon was high in the front hall of Weiyang" (Wang Changling's "Spring Palace Song"), these scenes all look "qingli"; and Du Fu added "thousands of flowers" after "the flowers are all over the path", adding more butterflies dancing and orioles singing, and the scenery becomes more beautiful. This kind of scenery is beautiful. The way of writing is unprecedented.
Secondly, people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty paid great attention to the harmony of tones in poetry. Their quatrains can often be orchestrated, so they pay great attention to the rhythm of harmony. Du Fu's quatrains were not written for singing, but purely for singing. When reciting poetry, there are often awkward sentences. In the poem "Thousands of flowers press the branches low", the second character of the poem should be flat and used oblique. But this kind of "awful" is by no means an arbitrary destruction of the rhythm, "Thousands of flowers are pressing down" The overlapping of "Wanduo" has a kind of colloquial beauty. The "Duo" in "Qianduo" is in the same position as the character "四" in the previous sentence. Although they both belong to the oblique tone, they have different up and down sounds. The tones are different. There are still changes. The poet does not ignore the musical beauty of poetry. This is reflected in the use of bivocal words, onomatopoeia and overlapping words in the third and fourth sentences. "Liu Lian" and "Zizai" are both bivocal words, such as connecting beads. The tone is warble. "Qiaqia" is an onomatopoeia, describing the cry of the oriole, giving people an immersive auditory image. "Shishi" and "Qiaqia" are overlapping words, which make the upper and lower sentences form a contrast, making the semantic meaning more clear. Stronger and more vivid, it can better express the poet's momentary joy when he is obsessed with flowers and butterflies and is suddenly awakened by the sound of warblers. Except for the words "wu" and "ying" in these two sentences, they are both lingual and dental sounds. The use of this series of lingual and dental sounds creates a sense of self-talk, vividly portraying the feeling of being intoxicated and surprised by the beautiful scenery. The effect of sound is very helpful for the expression of mood.
< p>In terms of syntax, most of the poems in the flourishing Tang Dynasty are naturally mixed, but Du Fu has a different style. For example, "duijie" (the following couplet is parallel) is the style of quatrains in the early Tang Dynasty. Quatrains in the flourishing Tang Dynasty are rare because this kind of ending is difficult to make. Du Fu was so full of spirit and vitality. However, due to the rare coincidence, Du Fu's poem's back couplet is both stable and full of aftertaste, which makes people feel that it is just right: when you are enjoying the scenery, hearing the song "Cha Cha" makes you feel more satisfied. Are people fascinated? In addition, according to the customary grammar, these two sentences should be: The dancing butterfly lingers and dances from time to time, and the delicate oriole crows at ease. The mention of "Lianlian" and "Zizai" at the beginning of the sentence is not only due to phonological needs, but also at the same time It also emphasizes them semantically, making the meaning easier for people to understand, and the syntax also appears novel and varied.