Haohao Yan Zhaoge·Journey to Handan·Handan·Zhaodu Fengyun
Handan is located in the southern Hebei Plain, with Taihang Mountain to the west and Fuyang River to the east. It is a city with a long history. famous cultural city. The name "Handan" first appeared in the "Spring and Autumn Period·Gu Liang Zhuan". It has a history of more than 2,600 years and is the most ancient city in Hebei Province. According to the annotation of "Han Shu", Han is the name of the mountain, which simply means "end", that is, Han Mountain ends here. The city outline is written as "Dan" from Yi (the ancient writing of "阝"), which is the "yuanlao" of the place name in Hebei. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Handan first belonged to Wei and then to Jin. During the Warring States Period, it became the capital of Zhao State. Later, Liu Bang, the great ancestor of the Western Han Dynasty, named his son Liu Ruyi King of Zhao, and Handan was still the capital of Zhao. At that time, Handan was economically prosperous and prosperous. It was called the five major cities along with Chang'an, Luoyang, Kaifeng and Chengdu. Handan's scenic spots and historic sites are famous both at home and abroad. The ruins of Zhao's palace city during the Warring States Period - "Zhao Wangcheng" and "Wuling Congtai" are located here; in addition, there are "Lin Xiangru Huiche Alley", "Xuebu Bridge", "Xuebu Bridge", "Chaajian Ridge", "Zhaomei Pond", "Huangliang Meng", "North and South Xiangtang Grottoes", etc. all show that the ancient city of Handan has a long history and splendid culture.
About 4 kilometers southwest of Handan City is the ruins of King Zhao City. In the first year of Zhao Jinghou (386 BC), the State of Zhao established its capital here. After that, King Zhao controlled floods, smelted iron, minted money, and developed the economy; he built the Great Wall, "Hufu riding and shooting", strengthened military strength; he carried out wars to expand the territory, such as destroying Zhongshan, attacking the Xiongnu, and defeating Loufan, which soon developed into One of the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period. Zhao Wangcheng, also known as the Palace City, consists of three small cities in the east, west and north. The layout is similar to the shape of a Chinese character, with a total area of ??512 square meters. The remaining rammed-earth city walls are 3-8 meters high, winding and majestic. There are tall rammed-earth platforms such as Longtai, Beijiangtai, and Nanjiangtai within the city site. They were the foundations of palace buildings at that time, among which Longtai was the tallest. The existing base is 265 meters wide from east to west, 285 meters long from north to south, and 19 meters high. It is the central building base in the palace. To the northeast of Zhao Wangcheng are the commercial, handicraft workshops and residential areas of the ancient city of Handan, Zhao. Archaeologists call it the "Great Northern City".
Wulingcongtai·Seven Sages Temple·Wangzhuxie
Wulingcongtai got its name because it was built during the period of King Wuling of Zhao (325 BC-299 BC). The earliest records about Congtai can be found in the "Book of Han": "In the first year of Gaohou (187 BC), "Bingshen in May, there was a disaster in Congtai in the Palace of Zhao". An ancient note by Yanshi of the Tang Dynasty: "Lianju is not one, so it is named Congtai. It was also the old platform of King Zhao during the Six Kingdoms period, and it was located in Handan City." It can be seen that Congtai was not one. According to historical records, there were overpasses, snow caves, makeup pavilions, and flower gardens on Congtai. They were large in scale and unique in structure, and were famous all over the world. King Wuling of Zhao watched the training of soldiers and horses here, and at the same time, he also rested and entertained here. The existing Congtai is 7 meters high, 59 meters long from east to west, and 22 meters wide from north to south. The section protruding to the south is 50 meters long and 10 meters wide. In 1961, when Guo Moruo came to Handan to visit Congtai, he chanted: "Zhao Congtai in Handan City. When the dawn comes in autumn, the ruins of Daizhuang Tower are illuminated. I shoot and ride in Hu costumes to think of the talented people."
Wulingcongtai, Handan, Hebei
The Seven Sages Temple is located in the north of Wulingcongtai. It was built during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty to commemorate the "Seven Gentlemen" who were loyal and patriotic during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. . Originally there were two temples for Sanzhong and Four Sages, but they were combined into one "Temple for Seven Sages" when they were renovated in the Qing Dynasty. The "Seven Sages" refer to Han Jue, Cheng Ying, Gongsun Chujiu, Lin Xiangru, Lian Po, Zhao She and Li Mu. In "Chronicles of the States of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty", there are touching stories of the "Three Loyalists" Cheng Ying, Han Jue, and Gongsun Chujiu who sacrificed their lives to save Zhao's orphans. At that time, Tu Anjia, the chief minister of the Jin Dynasty, had an old grudge against the Jin Dynasty official Zhao Shuo, and falsely accused Zhao Shuo of rebelling against the Jin Dynasty in front of Jin Jinggong. Jing Gong believed it was true and ordered Tu'anjia to exterminate the Zhao family. Zhao Shuo's wife, Zhuang Ji, was the sister of the late king Jin Chenggong. She was pregnant at the time and was not killed because she was in the lower palace. She gave birth to a son, and Tu Anjia tried every means to eradicate it. After careful planning, Zhao Shuo's friend Han Jue and his close disciples Gongsun Chujiu and Cheng Ying used Cheng Ying'er as Zhao Shuo's son and hid in the mountains. They lied to Tu'an Gua and were found and killed. Gongsun Chujiu was also killed at the same time. Zhao Shuo's son was saved. Fifteen years later, when the Duke of Jin came to power, Han Jue was promoted to the marshal of the Chinese army. He told the Duke the truth about Zhao Shuo's frame-up, and the Duke ordered the execution of Tu'anjia and the destruction of his entire family. His son Zhao Yue succeeded Tu Anjia as Sikou. Cheng Ying was not granted the title and committed suicide to express his gratitude. The play "The Orphan of Zhao" is about this incident. From Yuan operas and Mingnan operas to Peking opera since the late Qing Dynasty, it has been performed all over the north and south. The deeds of Lian Po, Lin Xiangru, Zhao She, and Li Mu are recorded in detail in "Historical Records" and "Warring States Policy". Zhao She was a famous general in Zhao State. He was a land official at the beginning. He was selfless in enforcing the law. He was recommended by Pingyuan Lord and managed the country's wealth with great results. After being appointed as a general, he became proficient in the art of war and was good at using troops. In 270 BC, he defeated the Qin army in Yanyu (now west of Wu'an County, Hebei Province), and was named Ma Fujun. During the reign of King Zhao Huiwen, Lian Po once led an army to defeat the Qi army and was worshiped as Shangqing. Later, he led troops to defeat the armies of Qi, Wei and other countries many times, and was famous among the princes for his bravery and good fighting skills. Lin Xiangru was originally an eunuch, Lingsheren. During the reign of King Zhao Huiwen, King Qin Zhao wrote a letter to King Zhao, willing to exchange 15 cities for "He's Bi". Lin Xiangru was ordered to bring "He's Bi" to the State of Qin. He argued with reason and resourcefulness, and finally returned the jade to Zhao intact.
In 279 BC, the King of Qin and the King of Zhao met in Mianchi (today's west of Mianchi, Henan). He accompanied King Zhao Xiaocheng and rebuked the powerful Qin in person. He did not humiliate the country and prevented King Zhao from being humiliated. Because of his merits, he was appointed as a minister. . In his early years, Li Mu was a field official who collected taxes in Zhao State. He was fair and strict. He was favored by Zhao Sheng, the king of Pingyuan, and recognized as a general. When King Zhao Huiwen went to Mianchi to meet, he was a senior official in the Chinese army and led 50,000 elite troops to escort him. After that, he guarded Daidi (today's Yuxian County, Hebei Province) and made many achievements, becoming a famous general guarding the north.
Wangzhuxie was built in the lake under Wulingcong Terrace. It was built to commemorate the loyal, righteous, wise and brave general Leyi of Yan. According to legend, there was originally a temple here, called Leyi Temple. Later, the temple was destroyed and the pavilion was changed during the reconstruction. Le Yi was a famous politician and military strategist during the Warring States Period, and Wang Zhuxie was named after him. The date of birth and death of Le Yi is unknown. He is a descendant of Le Yang, a military strategist of Wei State. In 408 BC, Marquis Wen of Wei worshiped Leyang as a general. He made great achievements in conquering Zhongshan and was named Lord Lingshou. After Le Yang died, he was buried in Lingshou. From then on, the Le family's descendants lived here for generations. When Le Yi lived, his hometown was under the jurisdiction of the State of Zhao, so later generations called Le Yi a native of Lingshou (now Lingshou West, Hebei Province) of the State of Zhao. Le Yi had both civil and military talents and was well versed in the art of war. He was elected as an official during the reign of King Wuling of Zhao. He was eloquent and talented. In his later years, he often traveled between Yan and Zhao, and Yan and Zhao regarded him as a "guest guest". Although he did not leave a single work on military theory to future generations, his extraordinary achievements in commanding the six-nation coalition forces and conquering more than 70 cities in Qi proved that he was worthy of being a wise and courageous commander, a commander with rich practical experience. military strategist. According to historical records, during the activities of uniting Zhao and resisting Qi, he discussed the interests of various countries, acted in a clear-headed manner, held the king's mandate, and lobbied other countries, proving that he was still a figure with keen political vision and considerable ability to conduct state affairs. His talent and ability to take advantage of the moment to make meritorious deeds and retreat bravely were constantly praised and praised by later generations of literati; the friendship between king and minister he established with King Zhao of Yan in the cause of prospering Yan and defeating Qi was even more admired and yearned for by the scholar-bureaucrats in feudal society.
Dressing Building·Mei Mei Chi Chi·Jian Ling
The dressing building and Mei Mei Chi are located in the northwest suburbs of Handan City. There are only two tall rammed earth platforms left in the dressing building today. The large platform in the south is called the South Tower, and the small platform in the north is called the North Tower. The residual height of the earth platform is 14 meters, with a total area of ??56,000 square meters. There is a depression in the east, which is said to be Zhaomei Pond. According to "Guangping Mansion Chronicles": "It is said that in the past, the concubines of the King of Zhao passed here from Congtai chariot and tried to shine their eyebrows in the pond. There is still a pond today, with traces covering several acres. To the west of the pond, the slope is as high as a mountain." Tang Dynasty The poet Li Bai has a poem that says: "A glance at the clear sky once illuminated the makeup of the Handan palace ladies. Looking back, the Congtai was covered with thorns, and the Cui'e was shadowless in the cold pond." When King Wuling of Zhao went to Congtai to play and rest, there were always many palace maids accompanying him to wait on him. , they often dress up and dress up here. As time goes by, the buildings are destroyed, the water is exhausted, and it is beyond recognition. Therefore, Zheng Fangkun of the Qing Dynasty sighed: "Like the flower palace maids fighting against the new goddess, the remaining powder and fat are left to stir up loud songs. Don't ask what the old eyebrows looked like at that time. There is no ripple in a pool of spring water!"
Chajian Ridge is located in the northwest of Handan City. About 2 kilometers away, the site is a rectangular hill with an area of ??about 40,000 square meters. According to the "Handan County Chronicle": "In the south bay of Lingshan, the ring is several feet high and has many pebbles. When farming and grazing after the summer rain, I often get gold arrowheads with three sharp edges and red green spots. It is not a modern thing. It got its name from then on." According to legend, this is where King Wuling of Zhao (325 BC - 229 BC) trained his soldiers in "Hufu riding and shooting". King Wu Ling found that the northern Hu people's short clothes and narrow sleeves, horseback riding and archery were superior to those in the Central Plains region, where they wore long robes and wide sleeves and fought in cars, so he advocated wearing Hu clothes instead and practicing horseback archery. This major reform to change customs and strive for self-improvement was strongly opposed by his uncle Gongzi Cheng and other noble ministers. King Wu Ling personally came to convince his uncle. He said: "Laws and etiquette are determined according to needs, and clothing and equipment are made according to convenience. Now without soldiers who can ride and shoot arrows, they cannot resist the Hu people and the Huns..." Gongzicheng was finally persuaded and also put on Hu clothes. So he ordered the whole country to change their clothes and learn to ride horses and archery. This important military reform greatly strengthened Zhao's military power. Later, King Wuling of Zhao led his army to annihilate the Zhongshan Kingdom, defeated Lin Hu and Lou Fan, occupied a large wilderness at the southern foot of Daqing Mountain along the north bank of the Yellow River, and built the Great Wall more than 130 kilometers long from east to west, becoming one of the "Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period" one.