(Han Mei)
About 3000 years ago, China began to cultivate and introduce plum blossoms. So there are many poems about plum blossoms in history. For example, Lu You's "Bu Operator Yongmei" said plum blossom: "No intention to compete for spring, everyone is jealous, mashed into mud and crushed into dust. Only the fragrance is the same. " Its fragrance is not spring, but fragrance; Wang Anshi put it well: "Cold ling drives alone, and I know far away that it is not snow, because there is incense coming." Be strong and open no matter how cold it is; Wang Mian, who is good at painting Mo Mei, said, "Don't boast of good colors, be clear and be full of dry Kun." ...... In short, many literati praised plum blossoms and left a poem of praise, but Li Shangyin in the late Tang Dynasty had a poem that complained and even hated plum blossoms. This poem is "Remembering Plum Blossoms". Even if it is hate, it is full of memories. The whole poem is as follows:
(Wang Mian's Mo Mei Poetry)
Far from home, I don't want to see the scenery in spring. Cold plum is the most hateful. It looks like last year's flowers.
As we know, Li Shangyin has never been a big official, because he was caught in a dilemma between a teacher and his father-in-law, and finally became a helpless victim in the "Peng dispute". However, this does not mean that he has no talent. He was able to write poetry at the age of six or seven, began to support his family independently at the age of twelve, and was admitted to Jinshi at the age of twenty-five. (We can compare Bai Juyi's poems when he was admitted to Jinshi in those years, saying that "Cienta is the youngest among seventeen people", which shows that it is not easy to be a Jinshi in the Tang Dynasty.
(Wang Mian's "Mo Mei" part)
However, it is such a person. When his career was poor and his wife died, he was invited by Liu Zhongying, the secretariat of Zizhou (now Santai, Sichuan) to visit Zizhou. He originally just wanted to relieve his grief here for a while. Unexpectedly, after he arrived in Sichuan, he lived for several years, leaving the shogunate alone in a foreign land. This spring, Li Shangyin felt very lonely and depressed.
(Zhang Daqian's "Looking at Mei")
"Stay on the horizon" and "stay on" mean "firm and resolute", and of course they also imply helplessness. Why "fix"? Because the poet has no choice but to stay in a foreign land and live in the end of the world, the poet's present Zizhou is about 1800 miles away from Chang 'an. Although far away from the end of the world, he left a feeling that the end of the world is generally far away in the poet's mind, so saying "the end of the world" is a psychological "feeling of the end of the world".
(Qi Baishi's "Plum Blossom" painting)
It is because the heart is full of bitterness and depression that the poet thought of stepping on the spring to find the traces of spring. "Wuhua" refers to the scenery in spring, and he wants to find spiritual comfort in the blooming of flowers. Of course, he didn't find it in the end, because he found that his favorite plum blossom had already withered.
Of course, it is precisely for this reason that he wrote the most affectionate sentence out of his love for memories, which changed from memories to troubles and then to hatred: "Cold plum is the most hateful, and looks like last year's flowers." The so-called "last year's flowers" are called "last year's flowers" because plum blossoms bloom in winter and wither in spring. I didn't see plum blossom in colorful spring because it was in full bloom in the first spring. By the time the flowers bloom, the fragrance has faded. Of course, the plum blossoms didn't bloom last year, just early. The early plum blossom reminds him of himself. Poets are like plum blossoms. He is young and clever, and even became a scholar early. But when he really showed his talent, he gave birth to "I care about Buddha, and I am willing to sweep the floor with bells, so that I can become a passer-by of Liang Qingshan". He has been completely depressed and depressed. He is a peerless genius, and he is disheartened under the destruction of fate.
(Han Mei)
Poets, like plum blossoms, appear early and fade first. Therefore, in the face of flowers, the poet thinks of plum, and from flowers to people, the poet can't help but sigh that "cold plum is the most hateful." What does he hate about plum blossoms? He loves plum blossoms so much that he even thinks of himself. At this point, the poem suddenly stopped. Natural and natural, with no traces of carving. Ji Xiaolan, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, commented on this poem: "The last two sentences are extremely tortuous and memorable, but the length is small and narrow." In fact, although this poem is short, it is meaningful, and the feelings to be expressed are naturally revealed, true and natural, which is a rare masterpiece among Li Shangyin's five-character quatrains.
Of course, after Li Shangyin's death, people still regret that he didn't show his talents in his life. He is really "vain and talented, and has never opened his arms all his life" (Cui Jue's "Li Shangyin Crying"). Perhaps it is because of the trick of fate that Li Shangyin became the Li Shangyin we saw, and his poems are still as fragrant as cold plum. Everything has been created since ancient times.
(Tang poetry 1 18, pictures from the internet)