1. Selected classic primary school poems
Wanglushan Waterfall
Li Bai [Tang Dynasty]
The purple mist is illuminated by sunlight, and the waterfall hangs in front of the mountain.
On the high cliff, it seems to be thousands of feet high, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from heaven to earth.
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This poem vividly depicts the magnificent scenery of Lushan Waterfall and reflects the poet's infinite love for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.
The first sentence is "Purple smoke from the Rizhao incense burner". "Incense burner" refers to the incense burner peak of Lushan Mountain. This peak is in the northwest of Lushan Mountain, with a sharp and round shape, like a censer. Because of the waterfall, water vapor transpiration, in the bright sunshine, as if there is an indomitable spirit incense burner, purple smoke rises in Ran Ran. A word "life" brings the scene of smoke rising to life. This sentence set a magnificent background for the waterfall, and also rendered the atmosphere for the following direct description of the waterfall.
The second sentence is "overlooking a thousand waterfalls in Sichuan". The word "overlooking the waterfall" takes care of the title "overlooking the Lushan waterfall". "Hanging thousands of rivers" means that the waterfall is like a huge white practice, hanging straight from the cliff to the river ahead. The word "hang" changed from dynamic to static, vividly writing the waterfall in the distance.
The first two sentences of the poem outline a panoramic view from the big picture: purple smoke fills the air at the top of the mountain, white practice hangs in the mountain, and rapids rush down the mountain, forming a magnificent picture.
The third sentence, "Flying down three thousands of feet", is eloquent and forceful. The word "fly" vividly depicts the scene of the waterfall spewing out; "Straight down" not only describes the steep slope of the mountain, but also indicates the urgency of the water flow. The sky is falling and unstoppable.
The poet was not satisfied, but wrote another sentence, "It is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days", which really made him want to fall from the sky and be shocked by heaven. "Doubt is" is worth pondering. The poet clearly said it in a trance, and the readers know that it is not, but they all think that only in this way can it be more vivid and true. The secret lies in the image that has been bred in the poet's previous description. The towering incense burner peak is hidden in the clouds. Looking at the waterfall in the distance is like flying down from the clouds and falling in the sky, which naturally associates with a galaxy falling from the sky. It can be seen that although the metaphor of "doubt is the milky way for nine days" is strange, it does not appear out of thin air in the poem, but naturally emerges from the portrayal of the image.
This poem is very successful in metaphor, exaggeration and imagination, with unique conception, vivid language and bright washing. Su Dongpo appreciates this poem very much, saying that "the emperor sent the Milky Way to fall into the pulse, and there were fallen immortals in ancient times." The "immortal" is Li Bai. Looking at Lushan Waterfall is indeed an example of body description and lyricism.
2. Selected classic primary school poems
draw
Wang Wei [Tang Dynasty]
From a distance, the mountains are high and the clouds are light, and the colors are bright. When you look closer, you can only hear the sound of water, but there is no sound.
Spring has passed, but there are still many flowers and flowers. People go nearby, but the birds are still not disturbed.
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This poem describes the natural scenery, but praises a painting. The first two sentences are written about beautiful scenery and silent running water; The last two sentences describe that flowers bloom in four seasons, and birds are not afraid of people. The four poems constitute a complete picture of landscape flowers and birds. The whole poem is neat in antithesis, especially the use of many groups of antonyms in the poem, which makes it clear in rhythm, straightforward, full of charm and easy to read. The whole poem seems to violate the laws of nature, but in fact it is a secret riddle, which shows the characteristics of this painting.
The mountains are colorful in the distance. The distant mountains are smiling, and the colorful mountains are good. What is colored? Comely, handsome, red, wet, green and drooping are colors, so are cool gray, and so are strange and steep pictures. It is only because it is far away that it produces beauty and makes people feel that it has unlimited scenery. This is a kind of "serenity", and the beauty of serenity is beyond the reach of the first sentence, because only people with meditation can appreciate it. This is like the Chun Xue, which drove the Xialiba people out of the art space from the beginning. Cancelled the qualification of impetuous people to appreciate beauty. Here, there is no impetuousness, only calm as water. But not stagnant water, but living water. Do you think there is water in the painting? A spring water poured out with irresistible goodwill, and a flowing beauty jumped into the poet's eyes.
The source of "listening to underwater sound" is "dynamic environment", but the word "static" has entered a static environment, which is quiet and far-reaching. There is no contradiction with the first sentence. A poet can say that he can choose between dynamic and static. What's the big deal? It's too quiet, it's hard to give up, it's hard to find. In this way, we will be close to this poem and this painting, and our hearts will be close to the mountains and rivers. The beauty of all things is only because of "quietness". Silence is a beauty. In Wang Xizhi's poems, it is this kind of beauty of "walking on a shady road, like swimming in a mirror". Sound and silence are dissolved together, the perfect sound of nature! This is what Zhuangzi called "nature". When "natural sound" and "human voice" and "earth sound" are together, a kind of natural sound that ordinary people can't say is formed.
"It is not surprising that spring is still there." It is said that although the flowers bloom in that most beautiful season, they will float away after burning to the most beautiful extreme, and only in the painting, the flowers are beautiful and don't thank, and the birds in the painting are always so lovely and moving. The painting in the poem seems to represent a dream, a dream that can be seen but cannot be realized. Moreover, just like the second sentence of "Water is Silent", "The bird is not surprised when people come" also means that the bird should be "surprised", so this shows that the bird described by the artist is realistic. Here, the poet uses "quietly listening to the sound of water" to express the gurgling sound of water, and "people are not surprised when they come" to express the amazing vitality of birds. The technique is very clever.
3. Selected classic primary school poems
Stork tower
Wang Zhihuan [Tang Dynasty]
The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea.
By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
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The extraordinary ambition of the poet in this poem reflects the enterprising spirit of the people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
The first two sentences of the poem are written and seen. "The Mountain Covers the Day" is about the view, the mountain and the scenery seen when climbing the building, and "The River with the Ocean Discharging Gold" is about the close-up view, the water is spectacular and magnificent. Here, the poet captured the rivers and mountains of Wan Li in a very simple and plain language with just ten words; Later, when people read these ten words a thousand years later, they felt like they were underground. If they see the scenery, they will feel that their minds are open.
Looking into the distance, a touch of sunset sank to the endless rolling mountains in front of the building and disappeared into Ran Ran at the end of the field of vision. This is the sky view, the distant view and the western view. The second sentence is about the Yellow River flowing through the front and bottom of the building, roaring south, then turning east in the distance and flowing to the sea. This is from the ground to the horizon, from near to far, from west to east. When these two poems are combined, the scenery of up and down, far and near, and things are all contained under the pen, which makes the picture look particularly broad and distant.
As far as the second poem is concerned, the poet can't see the Yellow River entering the sea from the stork building. The sentence is about the poet's view of the Yellow River far from the horizon, which is a way to combine the prospect with the view of the middle. This writing increases the breadth and depth of the picture. Calling the sun "daytime" is a realistic style. The setting sun holds the mountain, and the clouds cover the fog. At this time, the brightness of the weakened sun is even dimmer, and the poet directly observes the wonders of the sun. As for the "Yellow River". Of course it is also realistic. It flies like a golden ribbon in the mountains.
Write the last two sentences. "But you have broadened your horizons by 300 miles", a poet's endless pursuit, wanting to see farther and see where his eyesight can reach. The way is to stand higher and "go up a flight of stairs". It can be inferred from the second half of the poem that the first half of the poem may have been written on the second floor (not the floor), and the poet wanted to see the distant scenery as far as possible, and even climbed to the roof. The word "Lou" at the end also plays the role of a point, indicating that this is a poem about climbing stairs.
This poem seems to describe the process of climbing stairs straightforwardly, but its significance is far-reaching and people can explore it. "A thousand miles" and "the first floor" are imaginary numbers, which are both vertical and horizontal spaces in the poet's imagination. The words "to be poor" and "to be better" contain many hopes and longings. These two poems are not only novel and unexpected, but also very natural and close to the first two poems, thus pushing this poem to a higher level and showing readers a broader vision. It is precisely because of this that these two sentences with simple philosophy have become famous sentences that have been passed down through the ages, and this poem has also become a swan song.
This should only mean that poetry should not be blunt, boring and abstract, not that philosophy cannot be revealed and promoted in poetry. Just like this poem, it perfectly dissolves truth, scenery and events, making readers feel comfortable instead of reasoning. This is a mode to express the philosophy of life through thinking in images according to the characteristics of poetry. The writing of this poem has another feature: it is a quatrain full of antithesis. In the first two sentences, the nouns "daytime" and "Yellow River" are relative, the colors "white" and "yellow" are relative, and the verbs "one" and "ru" are relative. The last two sentences are the same, which constitutes a formal perfection.
When Shen Deqian selected this poem in the Collection of Tang Poems, he pointed out: "All four languages are correct, and you can read it without doubt, so you have high backbone." There are only two couplets in the quatrains, both of which are antithetical sentences. If it is not full of momentum and clear-cut, it will easily appear dull or fragmented. In this poem, the previous combination is the opposite name, the so-called "right and wrong", and the sentence is extremely neat, heavy and powerful, which shows the greatness of the scene written; The latter combination is that although the two sentences are relative, there is no trace of confrontation. Therefore, the poet's dual skills are also very mature.
4. Selected classic primary school poems
Chileger
Yuefu poetry anthology [Southern and Northern Dynasties]
Chilechuan at the foot of Yinshan Mountain.
The sky is like the sky, and the cage covers four fields.
The sky is wild, and the wind and grass move to see cattle and sheep.
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This folk song outlines the magnificent and rich scenery of the northern grassland, and expresses the pride of Chileans who love their hometown and life. It has an open realm, magnificent timbre, clear language and strong artistic generalization.
"Chilechuan, shady mountain", tell the geographical location of Chilechuan. Yinshan Mountain is a mountain stretching beyond the Great Wall, and the grassland is embedded in Yinshan Mountain, giving people a magnificent impression. "The sky is like the sky, and the cage covers four fields." Looking around, the sky is like a huge dome felt tent, covering the whole prairie. "The sky is grey and wild", the sky is blue, and the grassland is endless and endless.
"Chilechuan, under the Yinshan Mountain", the poem begins with a high-pitched tone and sings the natural characteristics of the north, which is unobstructed and boundless. These concise six words, bold and broad in style, show the strong character of the Chilean nation.
"The sky is like the sky, and the cage covers four fields." These two sentences come from the background above, saying that the picture is magnificent and the Amano is magnificent. At the same time, grasping the most typical characteristics of this national life, the singer drew a picture of the northern country with a pen like a rafter.
The first six sentences of the poem are written about Pingchuan, Dashan, the sky and the four fields, covering all directions, and the artistic conception is extremely broad and magnificent. However, the poet's description is a general static sketch from a macro perspective, without any specific description, which makes people feel a little empty and dull. But when you read the last sentence-"the wind blows, you see cattle and sheep", the realm will suddenly change. Grassland is the hometown of herdsmen and the world of cattle and sheep, but because of the rich pasture, all cattle and sheep are hidden in the green ocean. Only when a breeze blows and the grass waves rise and fall, do cattle and sheep flash out in the low grass. Cattle and white sheep, a group of east and a group of west, are everywhere. Thus, from static to dynamic, from pale to colorful, the whole grassland is full of vitality, and even the dome-like sky is colored. Therefore, people call this last sentence "a pen in a clear sky" and appreciate the word "wind", which is the initiator of the three verbs "blow", "low" and "see".
This song has a distinct nomadic color and a strong grassland flavor. From language to artistic conception, it can be said that it is natural, its quality is straightforward and simple, and its meaning is really pure. There are no obscure sentences in the language, which express the heroic feelings of nomadic people in a simple and vivid way.
5. Selected classic primary school poems
Wangtianmen mountain
Li Bai [Tang Dynasty]
The Yangtze River splits the Tianmen Peak like a giant axe, and the green river flows around the island.
The green hills on both sides are neck and neck, and a boat meets leisurely from the horizon.
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This poem describes clear water and green mountains, white sails and red sun, which are reflected in a colorful picture. But this picture is not static, but flowing. As the poet sails and sails, the mountains break the river, the east water flows backwards, the green hills meet, and the daytime sails alone, and the scenery unfolds from far and near to far. Six verbs are used in the poem, namely "breaking, opening, flowing, returning and coming", and the landscape presents an urgent dynamic, depicting the grandeur and vastness of Tianmen Mountain. One or two sentences describe the majestic, steep and unstoppable momentum of Tianmen Mountain, which gives people a thrilling feeling; Three or four sentences are enough to write about the vast water potential.
"Tianmen breaks the Chu River, and Higashi Shimizu flows." These two lines overlook the magnificent scene of Tianmen Mountain facing Jiajiang River. The river passes through Tianmen Mountain, and the water is rushing. The first sentence is closely related to the topic, always writing Tianmen Mountain, with the focus on the magnificent momentum of the eastern flow of the Chu River. It gives people rich associations: Tianmen Mountain and Tianmen Mountain were originally a whole, blocking the turbulent river. Due to the impact of the surging waves of the Chu River, Tianmen was knocked open and interrupted, becoming two mountains. This is quite similar to the scene described by the author in "Song of Yuntai in Xiyue to Send Dan Qiu Zi": "Genie (river god) roared and broke two mountains (referring to Huashan in Hexi and shouyangshan in Hedong), and Hongbo sprayed into the East China Sea." But the former is hidden and the latter is obvious. In the author's pen, the Chu River seems to be a thing with strong vitality, showing the magical power to overcome all obstacles, and Tianmen Mountain seems to quietly make way for it.
The second sentence is about the river under Tianmen Mountain. In turn, it focuses on the binding force and reaction of Tianmen Mountain, which is facing Jiajiang, to the surging Chu River. Because two mountains are sandwiched in the middle, the vast Yangtze River flows through the narrow passage between the two mountains, causing a whirlpool and forming a choppy spectacle. If the last sentence is written by the mountain, then this sentence is the adventure of the mountain to the water potential. Some notebooks "return here" as "straight north", and the interpreter thought that the Yangtze River flowing eastward turned north in this area. This may be a fine explanation of the flow direction of the Yangtze River, but it is not a poem, nor can it show the momentum of Tianmen. Can be compared with "Xiyue Yuntai Song to Dan Qiu Zi": "Xiyue is magnificent! The Yellow River is like a silk sky. The Wan Li of the Yellow River touches the mountain, and the vortex hub turns to Qin Mine. " "Vortex Turn", that is, "Higashi Shimizu flows to this back", also depicts the scene when the rivers in Wan Li are cut off by Qifeng, but as a seven-character ancient poem, it is written incisively and vividly. From the comparison, we can see that Wang Tianmen Mountain, as a quatrain, advocates simplicity and has profound implications.
"The green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite, and the sails are alone." These two sentences are an inseparable whole. The third sentence inherits the majestic posture of Tianmen and two mountains seen in the first sentence; The fourth sentence carries forward the second sentence to write the vision of the Yangtze River, awaken the foothold of "hope" and express the poet's dripping joy. The poet is not standing somewhere on the shore overlooking Tianmen Mountain, but his foothold is a "lone sail" coming from Japan. Most people who read this poem appreciate the word "Chu" because it brings dynamic beauty to the motionless mountain, but seldom consider why the poet feels "Chu". If you stand on a fixed foothold on the shore, "looking at Tianmen Mountain in the distance" will probably only produce a static feeling of "the green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite". On the contrary, the ship sailed down the river, looking at Tianmen and two distant mountains, showing an increasingly clear posture, and this feeling of "green mountains on both sides of the strait are opposite" is very prominent. The word "Chu" not only vividly shows the unique gesture of "overlooking Tianmen Mountain" when taking a boat tour, but also contains the fresh and pleasant feeling of the people on board. Tianmen Mountain, facing the Jiajiang River, seems to be coming towards itself, expressing its welcome to the visitors from the river. Since Qingshan is so affectionate to distant guests, they should be more cheerful.
The Lonely Sail Comes from the Sun vividly depicts the lonely sail riding the wind and waves, getting closer and closer to Tianmen Mountain, and the poet's joy at seeing the famous mountains and scenic spots. Because the last sentence is full of the poet's passion in the narrative, this poem highlights the poet's heroic, unrestrained, free and unrestrained self-image while depicting the magnificent scenery of Tianmen Mountain.
This poem has broad artistic conception, heroic spirit, harmonious and smooth syllables, vivid language and bright colors. Although there are only four short sentences and twenty-eight words, the artistic conception it constitutes is beautiful and magnificent, which makes people feel immersive after reading the poem. The poet leads the reader's vision along the foggy Yangtze River to the infinite world, which makes people feel open-minded and broad-minded. From this poem, we can see the bold spirit of the poet Li Bai and his broad mind that he doesn't want to confine himself to Xiaotian.