Early Tang Dynasty: The first and fourth masters advocated vigorous character.
Second, Chen Ziang's character and prosperity
Prosperous Tang Dynasty: 1. Li Bai 1. Clear water produces hibiscus-the promotion of halal nature.
2, the bones of great writers are your brushes, and the importance of style in Tianpai.
Second, Du Fu 1, Du Fu's poetics
2. The "miniature" theory
3. Depression and frustration theory
Iii. Evaluation criteria "Yue Ying Jiling River" 1 and "Dahe River"
2. Meteorology in the Tang Dynasty
3. Yin Kun's "star theory"
Mid-Tang Dynasty: 1. Bai Juyi 1, Allegory Poetics
2. The theory of leisure miscellaneous poems
Second, Han Meng School of Poetry
Third, Jiao Ran's poetic style.
Late Tang Dynasty: Poems of Si Kongtu
Chutangsi steet
One or four outstanding people:
Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo.
Second, the advocates of poetry theory
Have a clear aesthetic pursuit; Oppose stress and extravagance, and advocate strong character.
Third, creative performance: strong feelings and strong momentum.
1, expansion of content and theme:
"From palace to street, from Taige to Jiangshan desert"
Farewell to the viceroy and go to Shu for his post.
Across the wall of Sanqin, across a layer of fog, across a river.
We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions.
After all, the world is just a small place.
Why are you wandering at the fork in the road? The child is holding a towel.
2. Achievements of poetic schools:
Wang and Yang are good at five laws, while Lu and Luo are good at singing.
In the aspect of quatrains, Wang Bo and Yang Jiong perfected the style of quatrains from the aspects of parallelism, antithesis and rhyme.
In the aspect of seven-character verse, Lu and Luo used the technique of "taking fu as poetry" to make poetry magnificent.
Taking Fu as a poem is to spread out the description and combine it with lyrical and argumentative techniques.
Seven-character songs are neat in style and have the momentum and strength of wandering. In one go, it is catchy, and the use of fu as a poetic technique strengthens the spirit of freedom and freedom in poetry.
Four. Evaluation:
Du fu's evaluation
Old influences and new trends coexist in poetry creation. "When it was transferred to the early Tang Dynasty, it brought the color of the brocade of the Six Dynasties."
There are traces of court poetry style in the poems of the four masters, and the euphemism style of the Six Dynasties has not been shaken off by the choice of words, sentences and allusions. However, after all, the poems of the four great masters are full of deep feelings and strong momentum. Therefore, this comment can be reversed. With the prosperity of the Six Dynasties, it was transferred to the early Tang Dynasty. In other words, although the poems of the four outstanding poets are still contaminated with the breath of the Six Dynasties, they have already started the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Chen Ziang's Character and Prosperity
I. Evaluation:
Han Yuguo wrote a big article in the dynasty, and Zi Ang began to dance high.
Liu Kezhuang advocates elegance and lightness, sweeping away the femininity of six generations.
Dai Fugu fell and worried about the country, Ling Du was old and Chen Ziang was injured.
Yuan Haowen's theory of merit is equal to Wu's example, and he has cast a golden statue with others.
Youzhou tower
No one can see the ancient wisdom of the ancient king, only those wise men who can't see the afterlife can see it.
Only the boundless universe, boundless, can't stop the tears full of sadness.
Li Zehou's "pioneer's lofty mind, a great loneliness of being proactive and ahead of the trend"
With the practice and prosperity of literary style, the charm of the poetic style of the Six Dynasties was swept away, and the powerful emotional momentum opened the prelude to the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Second, poetics advocates:
(1) Personality:
In the Eastern Han Dynasty, "character" was used to evaluate characters, describe their physical appearance and manner, and praise them for being full of energy, vigorous, handsome and powerful.
In the Six Dynasties, the charm and brushwork of calligraphy and painting were all evaluated by "style"
Carve dragons for Wenxin? "Style" transferred the word "Style" to literature.
"The straight word is awkward, the spirit is handsome, and the writing is awkward."
Understanding of personality:
Huang Kan's "wind means meaning, bone means language" refers to content and form.
Wind refers to strong and high-spirited emotional strength, while bone refers to vigorous and upright ideological strength.
Chen Ziang's description of the characters is "strong personality, awkward tone, bright light, and history."
(2) by mail:
Xing refers to the technique of comparing xing, and the content of sending refers to sustenance
The combination of fun and stickers refers to the methods of "supporting things to interest people" and "expressing ambition with things", which requires poetry to be sincere in emotion, rich in content and profound in meaning.
Chen Ziang's Thirty-eight Loves is the concrete embodiment of his idea of "good luck", which expresses his agitation feelings and places his life ideals and political opinions through chanting things.
Third, theoretical evaluation:
His poetry creation shows obvious retro tendency, and advocates restoring the elegant tradition of ancient poetry, rather than expressing his ambitions.
One.
Advocating the spirit of style and prosperity played a positive role in promoting the change of poetic style at that time. He associated the style of Han and Wei with elegance and prosperity, and opposed works without style and prosperity.
2. Put forward the ideal of poetic beauty. In other words, it creates a healthy literature that combines strong and high-spirited feelings with the temperament and beauty of words.
3. Chen Ziang's poetry creation and theoretical proposition have influenced the Tang Dynasty, and his ideal of poetry prosperity and beauty is of great significance to the reform of Tomb of the Martyrs. The further development of literature and the prosperity of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty confirmed this point.
Li Bai's poetics
First, the aesthetic characteristics of poetry creation:
1, Introduction to Magnificent Macro:
Rich metaphors, bold exaggerations and strange imaginative poetic forms combine lofty ideals, broad minds and majestic poetic connotations.
2, the beauty of Pentium: the emotional power of surging thousands of miles.
3, the beauty of vertical and horizontal changes: fancy, vertical and horizontal galloping, jumping and changing.
4. The beauty of lightness and sparseness: the combination of bright and bright color styles and sparse images.
5. The beauty of clear water hibiscus: a fresh and natural language style.
Second, poetics advocates:
1, advocate the idea of keeping elegant and clean, and oppose the formalistic style of writing that specializes in carving.
"If you don't do it for a long time, who will compete with me?"
2. Advocate "halal" poetry, advocate "fresh and natural" poetic style, and oppose imitation.
"sundaes are mysterious and ancient, and clothes are expensive and halal."
"Clear water produces hibiscus, natural carving."
3. Advocating the bold and elegant poetic style of "Yi Xing" and "Zhuang Fei" and pursuing the realm of artistic expression.
"We are all carried away by lofty ideals. I want to go to heaven to embrace the bright moon."
4. Emphasize both quality and quantity, and affirm the aesthetic achievements of poetry art since Wei and Jin Dynasties.
"The literature is bright and the stars are shining."
Third, the evaluation of poetic theory:
Based on the tradition of Confucian poetics, Li Bai advocated elegance as the standard of poetry, and urged to restore the voice of elegance and integrity. Li Bai's aesthetic ideal of advocating halal nature originated from Zhong Rong's aesthetic ideal, and used it as a criterion to evaluate the famous artists of the Six Dynasties, which still broke through some prejudices of predecessors and made contributions to broadening the vision of aesthetic art. At the same time, Li Bai's poetic theory is not only manifested in the exploration of "elegance" tradition and "halal" character, but also in the field of romantic expression from artistic conception and aesthetic characteristics. This is a major breakthrough in Confucian traditional poetics.
On Du Fu's Poems
First of all, poetics advocates:
1, don't waste Qi Liang.
"Close to elegance without cutting off the false style" and "Clear words and beautiful sentences must be neighbors"
"Beautiful words and sentences" is Du Fu's aesthetic summary of poetic language since Jian 'an, which shows that he attaches importance to language expression.
2, in turn, benefit more teachers and learn from others.
"Learning from many teachers is your teacher" and "Today people love the ancients"
The attitude towards the previous generation of literature is to inherit the elegant tradition of the previous generation of literature, learn from others' strengths, and choose talents and talents.
3. Aesthetic ideal of poetry: affirmation of freshness and beauty, and more emphasis on grandeur and heroism.
"Or look at Cuilan, the blue ocean doesn't hunt whales."
The emerald orchid symbolizes the beauty of beauty, that is, beauty.
Whale blue sea symbolizes the beauty of elegance, that is, magnificence.
4. Pay attention to law and spirit.
1, emphasizing the law: "The evening festival is gradually finer than the poetic law.
"For the sake of humanity, it is not surprising to die."
2, pay attention to the gods "thinking about clouds, ghosts and gods in the law are shocked. all in one piece
The waves grow old alone. "
"Writing will shake the wind and rain, and poetry will make you cry." "Poetry will make you feel successful."
Second, the evaluation of poetic theory:
Third, the comprehensive theory:
Du Fu's learning attitude towards the art of poetry in past dynasties is the main reason why he became a master.
Yuan Zhen's Epitaph of Du Jun puts forward the comprehensive significance of Du Fu.
Really put forward the theory that Du Fu's Poems is a great achievement of Qin Guan's Hai Huai Ji? On Han Yu
"Du Zimei to poetry, it is the time to accumulate many strengths. Du's Han family is also a poet. "
Significance: Du Fu occupies an important position in the development history of classical poetry. As a master of poetic country, he not only summarized and inherited the poetic heritage of the previous generation, but also opened up a broad road for future generations, and the latter is obviously of more important significance.
Four, depressed and said:
Du Fujin's Watch "I can't preach the Six Classics, but I won't sing a few words first. As for frustration and frustration, I am always agile and Yang Xiong and his followers can reach you. "
"Depression and frustration" was originally the profound implication of Du Fu's poetry creation, which satirized reality and had a good style, and was later used to evaluate his poetry style.
Du Fu: Go upstairs.
Flowers are close to tall buildings and far away from my hometown. I am very sad. There are disasters everywhere in this country, so I climbed up to see them.
The spring scenery of Jinjiang flooded in, and the clouds on the mountain, ancient, varied and changeable.
Although the country has been established for a while, it is as strong as the North Star, and thieves dare not go out of the Western Hills!
However, in the twilight, I felt sorry for the sorrow of a long-lost emperor. I sang the songs that his prime minister sang when he was not unfamiliar on the mountain.
1, the surface of the poem:
The language is concise and mature, the image is alert, the structure is ups and downs, and the tone is cadence.
2. On the level of artistic conception: "For human nature, I like beautiful sentences, and words are endless."
Deep conception and desolate management make Du Fu's poems appear deep, dignified, implicit and deep.