Frost on the abandoned slab bridge.
(Wen Tingjun)
22. It's too light for anyone to hear.
Except my comrade, Mingyue.
(Wang Wei: Bamboo House)
23. The lake and the moon are harmonious.
There is no wind on the pool surface and the mirror surface is not polished.
(Liu Yuxi: "Looking at Dongting")
Lotus leaves floating in the wind
Moon, what a beautiful and charming word! People all over the world love, praise and praise the moon. How many poems about the moon in the history of China's poetry are as difficult to answer as "When is the bright moon?"? However, one thing is certain, that is, there are many poets who have sung about the moon since ancient times. "Robbing Dongming, the moonlight shines on people" (The Book of Songs Qifeng Ji Ming) and "The moonlight shines on people"
As can be seen from the poems about the moon, the moon has many nicknames and pronouns. The most common is Confucius: "Seeing Confucius in the clouds, the Wujiang River is endless" (Wang Songliang Yuan: "Huzhou Song"); Crescent Moon: "Other families see a new crescent moon, and Wan Li is old, weak, sick and disabled" (gold: "When to send a piece of advice"); Moon spirit: "The sun wheel is stationed in the frost ge, and the moon spirit hangs a carved bow" (Tang Gao Shi: Song of Xia Sai); Moon wheel: "Last night, the peach was exposed in the wind, and the moon wheel was high in the front hall of Weiyang" (Don Wang Changling: "Spring Palace Complaints"); Laurel: "laurel trees are in the long river, and the bright colors shine on tall buildings" (Jian Zheng, Zhang Chen in the Southern Dynasties: "Thin Screen and Bright Moon"); Gui Bo: "I wonder where Gui Bo is now? It should be in my home, Zishiping (Song Ouyang Xiu: I don't see the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival) and so on.
Most poems about the moon depict the shape of the moon. In the poet's works, the crescent moon is curved and shaped like a jade hook: "The jade hook leans against the eaves, and the cloud box opens an inch at first" (Don Zhao Tuo: Crescent Moon), "When you come to the river at night, it looks like a hook on the moon, and there is a sound of frightening fish and throwing waves" (Tang Cui Daorong: Autumn Moon), which is shaped like a bow: "On the third night of September, it is like a pearl. It looks like a woman's eyebrow: "When the moon is cool, the willow is full of eyebrows, and the Zhongshan mirror looks more" (Don Dai Shulun: The Best of Lanxi), but the full moon is full. Li Bai's poem "When I was a child, I didn't know the moon, so I called it a white jade plate, and I suspected it was a mirror of a Yao stage, flying at the end of Qingyun Mountain" ("Gulang Yuexing"), so I called it a white jade plate. Su Shi's "Twilight Clouds Passing, Silver and Han Silently Turning to the Jade Plate" (Mid-Autumn Moon) also uses the jade plate as a metaphor for the moon, which is quite concrete.
The moon is bright and bright, which is fully demonstrated in poems about the moon. Tao Yuanming, a great poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, wrote the word "Su" in his poem "Sunset in the Western Heaven, Moonrise in Dongling" (Miscellaneous Poems), which directly described the bright moon. Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "Born in water, dancing under the bright moon" ("White Stone Beach"), "It's too light for anyone to hear. Li Bai's poem "The moon shines in my shadow. Send me to Tanxi (Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream), and Su Shi's poem "Apricot flowers fly over the curtain to disperse spring, and the bright moon goes home to find a secluded person" (Under the apricot flowers on a moonlit night) all state the bright moon with the word "Ming". Many poems about the moon also depict the moon through metaphor and contrast. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai "the foot of the bed is bright, is there frost?" "(Silent Night Thinking) and Li Yi's" The sand before Yuefeng is like snow, and the moon outside the city is like frost "("On Shouxiang Wall Night Crying ") are all metaphors with white snow as the bright moon. Zhao Xie "thinks only about the fog at the bottom of the river, and the moonlight is like water" ("Love at the bottom of the river"), which is. Looking at the moon in the boat is based on the whiteness of snow and the reflection of sand on the bright moonlight. However, the poem of Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, "Looking at the door of Noda's house alone, the buckwheat flowers are like snow in the moonlight" ("Village Night"), with the bright moon reflecting the white buckwheat as snow, setting off the bright moon, has a unique charm.
There is a moon in every season all year round. But in the poet's works, the moon in different seasons is connected with different objects. Spring moon is often associated with pear flowers and other things, with the breath of youth: "A pear tree and a brook moon, I wonder whose tonight is it?" (Tang Anonymous: Miscellaneous Poems); "After sunset, spring is heavy, and the moonlight is idle" (Yuan Gongzhi: Late Spring). Yuexia is often associated with lotus flowers and enjoying the cool: "Gu Si Mountain receives light and water, and it is fragrant in ten miles. The breeze and bright moon are unattended, and the south building is just cool "(Huang Songting Jian: The Book of Ezhou South Building)" The shade of trees turns into a small ridge, and the eight-foot dragon must be cold. Since the red window has been opened, let him look at the moon pillow "(Qing Nalan Xingde: Untitled Poems of the Four Seasons). Autumn moon often touches dew and frost: "White clouds reflect water and shake the empty city. B style='color: black; Background color: # ffff66'> Moon Cave Monster Kiss? B style='color: black; Background color: # ffff66' >; "Moon" (Li Bai: "Moon Chanting in the West Building of Jinling City"); In Maodian, chickens crow in the moon, and people frost in Banqiao "(Ting Yun, Tang Wen: Walking on the Good Morning). Mei Xue always sets off the winter moon: "The moon is in front of the window, which is different from usual" (Lei: Cold Night); "Snow Shadow Plum Blossom and Moon Fence" ("Song Zhaokui: Snowy Night"); The moon shines on the snow, and the north wind is strong and sad.
On a quiet night, the bright moon is in the sky, which often evokes the homesickness of wanderers and the poet's vision for the future. Li Bai's quatrain "Thinking about a Quiet Night" is one of the representative works of homesickness of a moonlit wanderer. The first two sentences of the poem, "Moonlight at the window. Is there frost already? " , write moonlight Bai Rushuang; After two sentences, "Looking up, I found it was moonlight, and then sinking, I suddenly remembered home", the poet was homesick, and he saw deep affection where he talked about the moon. Du Fu's poem "He knows that the dew will frost tonight, and the moonlight at home is bright!" ("Remembering Brothers on a Moonlit Night") expressed his own feelings and expressed the poet's deep thoughts about his hometown and brother. Another of his poems, Moonlit Night:
In Fuzhou, far away, she is looking at the moonlight, looking at it alone from the window of her room.
For our boys and girls, poor little baby, too young to know where the capital is.
Her cloudy hair is sweet with mist, and her jade-white shoulders are cold in the moonlight.
When can we lie on the screen again and look at the bright light and stop crying? ?
Taking the moon as the main line, the whole poem depicts a picture of his wife and children missing their loved ones under the moon with negative pen and ink everywhere, thus expressing the poet's feelings for his wife and children incisively and vividly. This poem is looking at the moon and thinking about a masterpiece in the distance.
"The moon is full at sea now, and the end of the world is at this time." (Don Zhang Jiuling: Looking at the Moon and Thinking Far) The moon is shining everywhere in the middle of the sky. Therefore, the poets had a fantastic idea, asking Yue Ming to convey his homesickness to lovers or friends far away: "The spring breeze is hard to believe, and the moon is a few questions" (Yuefu folk song in the Southern Dynasties: "Reading Quge"); I miss the bright moon in my heart, and I will go to Yelangxi with the wind. In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, the poet Qu Dajun wrote a quatrain: "Beauty holds the bright moon and holds the splendid scenery. If you want to give it to someone who lives outside, you will wander in the autumn. " This poem is about a beautiful woman holding moonlight in her hands, who wants to give it to her sweetheart in a different place, but she doesn't know how to give it.
On a moonlit night, when a poet looks at the bright moon, he will naturally think of the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon's fairy tale and write a poem for it. Chang 'e, also known as Heng E and Chang 'e, is the wife of Hou Yi in fairy tales. Hou Yi got the elixir of life from the Queen Mother of the West, and Chang 'e stole it to the Moon Palace. Among many poems about Chang 'e, Chang 'e written by Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, is one of them.
The shadow of mica screen candle is deep, the long river is gradually falling and the stars are sinking.
Chang 'e should regret stealing the elixir.
This poem was written by Chang 'e, who lives alone in the Moon Palace, feeling lonely and unable to sleep at night. She should regret taking the elixir of life and rushing to the moon. Most scholars in ancient and modern times think that this poem has a meaning, but there are different opinions on what the meaning is: either thinking about people and mourning, or expressing loneliness through Chang 'e's mouth, and so on. The author thinks that it is not necessary for the interpreter to demonstrate the meaning of this poem like a scientist. Also written about Chang 'e's regret are Li Shangyin's "The rabbit is cold and the toad is cold and the osmanthus is white, and the wall moth should be heartbroken this night" ("Moonlight"), and the Song Dynasty poet Yan Shu's "Su E can't be disappointed, the jade toad is cold and the osmanthus is lonely" ("Mid-Autumn Moon"). Bian Gong's Chang 'e in the Ming Dynasty was also well written:
The moon palace is cold in autumn and flowers bloom at the end of the year.
* * * said that heaven is on earth, and I don't know if heaven remembers the earth.
This poem is associated with Chang 'e's loneliness in the moon palace by looking at the moon, and then connects heaven with the world, highlighting the center of Chang 'e's recollection of the world, wanting to show and hide, which seems light and beautiful.
What is the mystery of this natural scene? Throughout the ages, I don't know how many people with lofty ideals have tried to find scientific answers, and poets have asked them questions with rich imagination. Asking for the moon in 1989 by Li Bai is one of the representative works in this respect:
When does the bright moon rise in the sky? I'm going to stop for a cup of coffee today and ask.
People can't land on the moon, but they follow people when they walk on the moon.
As bright as a flying mirror near Danque, the green smoke goes out.
But when you see the night coming from the sea, would you rather know that it is going to the clouds?
The moon is on the white rabbit's back, autumn and spring, and who is the neighbor of Chang's lonely life?
Today people can't see the ancient moon, but this month they went to see the ancients.
If the ancients were running water today, they would look at the bright moon.
I only hope that the song is right for the wine and the moonlight shines on the golden urn.