Bai Juyi is the most prolific poet in Tang Dynasty, an outstanding realistic poet after Du Fu and an advocate of the New Yuefu Movement. Bai Juyi (772-846), a native of Xinzheng, Henan Province, was a scholar in the 16th year of Zhenyuan (800). Was awarded the provincial school secretary Lang Yuanhe. The poet's ambition is to help the world, sympathize with the people and hate the darkness. His combative poems almost broke the hearts of the owners, making them all "discolor", "pinch their wrists" and "gnash their teeth". In the tenth year of Yuanhe (8 15), the murderer who killed Prime Minister Wu was invited beyond his authority, which was hated by the rulers and punished. He traveled to Zhongzhou, Hangzhou and Suzhou to make a secretariat. After being demoted, he mainly took the road of "self-protection", but his ambition of "helping the poor" did not die out. "The heart of ploughing mulberry is bitter and the ears are frozen with hunger", but he still did some good things for the people. For example, he built a dike in Hangzhou (Bai Causeway), especially now. This official is the minister of the final punishment department. Huichang was six years old.
Bai Juyi inherited the realistic tradition of The Book of Songs and Han Yuefu, and along the road initiated by Du Fu, he further set off a magnificent upsurge of realistic poetry from literary theory and creative practice. He opposed works without other sustenance, and advocated that "articles should be written in time, songs and poems should be written for things", "not seeking high palace rules, not seeking strange words", and "only singing gives birth to the people". The poet followed these theories and created a large number of excellent realistic poems, becoming a realistic poet with the most works in the Tang Dynasty, the greatest achievements in the middle Tang Dynasty and far-reaching influence.
Only about 3000 of his poems have been handed down. He divided them into four categories: satirical poems, leisurely poems, sentimental poems and miscellaneous poems. More than 0/70 satirical poems/kloc-are the essence of the poet's creation and the immortal works in the history of China's poetry. Among them, there are 65,438+00 poems of Yin and Xin Yuefu. It has high popularity and rich practical content. In his poems, the poet clearly expressed his love and hate, dared to expose the political darkness at that time, and dared to speak for the oppressed working people, thus making' the powerful and intimate people look at each other', making' those in power wring their hands' and' those in important positions gnash their teeth', which had a great influence. Among the sentimental poems are Song of Eternal Sorrow and Pipa Xing. The plot is tortuous, the words are round and smooth, and the lyrical atmosphere is strong, which is deeply loved and recited by future generations. Song of Eternal Sorrow is a long lyric narrative poem which integrates criticism and sympathy, reality and romance. While affirming their undying love, the poet satirized and criticized the sin of Tang Xuanzong's extravagance. This poem has a high artistic achievement. The whole poem takes joys and sorrows as the main line. First wrote the indulgence of Xuanzong, and then wrote endless hatred. The poet perfectly combines narration, lyricism and scenery writing, sets off melancholy with sad autumn colors, sets off sadness with beautiful scenery, stirs up people's mood with moonlight bells, from Shuchuan's writing to returning to the palace, from spring breeze to autumn rain, from sun color to long night, from reality to dreams and even fairyland, and repeatedly renders the tragic maker's bitter fruit and bitter search for old love, and goes on and on. The characters he created are plump, complex, beautiful and euphemistic, full of artistic charm of singing and sighing, and are handed down from generation to generation. At the same time, Chen Hongzu also wrote the legendary novel Song of Eternal Sorrow. Wu Tongyu by Bai Pu in the Yuan Dynasty and the Palace of Eternal Life by Hong Sheng in the Qing Dynasty are all based on this. Pipaxing is the second year after the poet was demoted to Jiangzhou. However, it is more realistic. When the poet heard the story of her past prosperity and decline told by the music prostitute playing the pipa, he associated himself with the relegated situation and mood, and uttered a cry,' We are all unhappy-at the end of the day, we met. We understand. "What's the relationship between acquaintances?" expressed his sympathy and respect for the tragic fate of oppressed and damaged women, and also vented his dissatisfaction and resentment against the court. The poet used the expression method of listening to her voice first, then watching her, providing her playing skills and telling her story. Created a tragic image of a geisha. Among them, the description of music is particularly wonderful, such as "big strings are like rain, small strings are like whispers, humming and whispering-then the big and small pearls complement each other and make a plate of jade" and other images emerge one after another. With the help of visual image and auditory feeling, it reproduces the ever-changing artistic charm of music and entrusts the loneliness and depression of' being left out in front of the door and the boss marrying a businesswoman'. The whole poem takes pipa as a clue. This paper describes the unfortunate fate of two typical characters. The narrative lyric is just right, and the language is beautiful and vivid, full of music, which sets off the bleak, desolate and resentful tone. At that time, it was' Tiger can play the pipa', and it is still a famous song at home and abroad. Among the miscellaneous poems, the poet 16 years old bid farewell to ancient grass is a masterpiece that has been told for generations. In particular, the phrase "wildfire never goes out, spring breeze blows high" is full of philosophy and optimism, giving people great enlightenment, hope and strength.
Bai Juyi's poems are good at narration, easy to understand, easy to understand, fluent in syllables, bright in color, full of emotion and appealing to both refined and popular tastes. Due to the influence of his poetic style, a' shallow' poetic school was formed in the literary world at that time, that is, the popular poetry school. His realistic poetry creation path was inherited by later poets such as Pi Rixiu and Lu You. At that time, his poems,