The following 30 answering formulas cover almost all subjective questions in junior high school Chinese exam, so students must use them flexibly on the basis of actual mastery.
1. Title function:
(1) Full-text clues promote the development of the plot.
(2) Summarize the content of the article and name the theme (highlight the theme)
(3) The form is novel and attracts readers.
(4) Reflect the emotional changes of the characters
2. Word understanding: "XX" vividly shows the characteristics (scenes) of people (things) XX (or depicts a scene of ...), reflecting people's mood ...
3. Sentence analysis:
(1) Analyze the expression effect of words in sentences;
In such a topic, a word or phrase in a sentence is often expressed by metaphor, contrast, metonymy and symbol. When answering a question, reveal the object it refers to, then contact the context, focus on the theme, dig out the deep meaning of the sentence, and then sort out your own language.
(2) Formula: Rhetoric has its own function+context.
Metaphor: using XX to compare XX shows the characteristics of (things) and (people).
Personification: personify XX (or give people emotion), and vividly show the characteristics of … (or draw a picture of …, write things …).
Parallelism: make sentence patterns more orderly and emphasize momentum.
Rhetorical question: this rhetorical question means ... expressing the feelings of the character in a strong tone.
Question: When it appears at the beginning, its function is usually to "set suspense and attract readers" or at the end of the article, and its function is usually to "draw attention to ... issues (or make people think deeply)" ... to enlighten people and highlight the main idea of the article "
Metonymy: Use XX instead of XX to make the borrower express his feelings or characteristics more concretely and vividly.
Quote: Quote a poem, usually used to "enhance the literary flavor of the article and make the language of the article more beautiful (or quote a poem to illustrate ...)"
Stories, myths and legends are usually quoted to "enhance the interest of the article and attract readers"
Duality: ... use the rhetoric of duality to describe ... and express the author's appreciation of ... with its lively rhythm and rich musical beauty.
4. The article uses expression to play a role:
(1) contrast, function: XX and XX are in sharp contrast, highlighting the characteristics of people (things) XX.
(2) Symbol, function: make the article profound and profound.
(3) foreshadowing, function: Suggest XX things that will happen, and pave the way for the development of the plot.
(4) Care, function: make the article structure rigorous, make the article theme more vivid and make the article more rigorous.
(5) Contrast, rendering and function: show the environment, create an atmosphere, express emotions and highlight the theme.
5. The role of sentences in the text:
(1) Preface: opening point; Render the atmosphere (narrative, novel); Foreshadowing (narrative, novel); Set suspense (novel); As an auxiliary pad for the following items: Below the general collar;
(2) Text: connecting the preceding with the following; Below the general collar; Summarize the above;
(3) At the end of the article: point out the center (narrative, novel); Deepen the theme (narrative, novel); Pay attention to the beginning (argumentative, narrative, novel)
6. What does the paragraph do?
(1) This paragraph begins with the following function:
First, cause the following situation
B, describe the object by name
C, take care of the title of the article
D, set suspense to attract readers
Prepare for the development of the plot
(2) in this passage, the function is:
First, the transitional role of connecting the preceding with the following
B, build a stage for the development of the plot and promote the development of the plot.
(3) Finally, this paragraph has the following functions:
First, summarize the full text
B, reveal the main idea of the article
C, take care of the previous article
D, take care of the topic
E, thought-provoking
7. What description methods are used to draw underlined sentences and paragraphs in the text, and what are their functions?
Description method is divided into:
(1) People: appearance, language, movements, heart, manners, front and side descriptions.
(2) Bad environment: natural environment and social environment.
Role description:
(1) people: show the characteristics of the person XX and highlight the character (quality and thought) of the person XX.
(2) Environment: set off an atmosphere of XX and express an emotion of XX.
8. Summarize the content of the article (or paragraph) in concise words:
Formula: Who+What+What is the result?
9. What is the expression in this article (paragraph)?
Narration, description, discussion, explanation and lyricism
10. Briefly summarize the characteristics of things in the text:
Analysis steps: first, analyze the structure of the article, and pay attention to the conjunctions (first, second, return, then, also, last, other, etc.) Sentences other than these words are often the characteristics of things.
1 1. Can one word in the sentence be replaced by another? Why?
Verb: No. Because the word accurately, vividly and specifically wrote ...
Adjective: No. Because this word vividly describes ...
Adverbs: such as (such as: all, most, very only, etc. ): no. Because this word accurately describes the situation of … (table degree, table limit, table time, table range, etc.). ), after the change, it becomes ... not in line with the facts.
12. Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why?
No. because
(1) does not conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence).
(2) There is a one-to-one correspondence between this word and the above.
(3) These words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be interchanged.
13. Summary of paragraph meaning
(1) Narration: Answer clearly (when and where) who does what.
Format: (time+place)+people+things.
(2) Description: The answer clearly states what the object is and what its characteristics are.
Format: description (introduction)+description object+description content (characteristics)
(3) argument: clearly answer what the question is and what the author's point of view is.
Format: What demonstration method is used to prove (demonstrate)+demonstrate?
14. The function of interpolation.
(1) Read the position of the inserted paragraph and its connection with the full text.
Formula: …… adopts narrative method, which not only supplements the content of the article …, but also highlights the theme of the article … (or enriches the protagonist's character …).
15. Summarize the center of the article
Formula: ① Write mainly: narration ... worship ... expression. ...
(2) Notes are the main thing: I narrate ... (criticize) praise ... and show it. ...
(3) Writing landscape: describing, praising and expressing ...
(4) Travel Notes: Describe … and express … feelings.
⑤ Argumentative paper: The article discusses ... and clarifies. ...
16. Functions of narrative elements.
Formula: ① Time: Write in the order (or clue) of ... in order to make the narrative process clearer.
② Location: Write in the order of …….
③ Events: Write with the events of ....
4 people: writing activities ... to push the story forward.
17. Imitate sentences.
Formula: ① Count the number of words in the example.
(2) Find out the rhetorical devices used in the example sentences (except those without rhetorical devices).
③ Understand the conceptual and phenomenal relationship between example sentences and sentences to be imitated.
18. Couplets.
Formula: ① name-to-name, shape-to-shape, dynamic-to-dynamic;
(2) the mountain is facing Sichuan, the sky is facing the moon, and the sky is facing the ground;
(3) Pay attention to the semantic association and integration of upper and lower conjunctions.
19. Read the picture.
Formula: ① Analyze the elements of the picture. See clearly what is up, what is down, what is left, what is middle, what is the theme or title of the picture, and what is the language of the characters in the picture.
(2) The formula for writing titles for comics: title+content+inspiration.
(3) According to the meaning of the picture, tell your own opinions or inspirations and put forward your own opinions, and write down the main points (written in 1,
2、3)
(4) Give the picture a title, or leave a picture meaning or implication.
(5) The moral of this picture is to see that A is associated with B, and both A and B are * * *.
20. Ask questions.
Formula: ① Analyze the given passage and draw a conclusion from it.
② Analyze the change of the given chart data and draw a conclusion.
Summarize your conclusion in one sentence, but it is best to express it in 1, 2,3.
(4) When you put forward your opinions or suggestions, you should indicate 1, 2, 3 points.
2 1. Summary questions.
Formula: ① To analyze a given language material, we should find out the characteristics of several materials and then express them in one sentence.
② Analyze the given language materials, find out the key points of phenomena in each material, and then express them comprehensively in one sentence. Of course, it can also be written as "My findings are 1, 2, 3 points".
(3) Analyze the contents of the selected paragraphs of famous works, then find out the key plot or the characters' language and actions, and then summarize the characters' personalities in one sentence.
22. read famous books.
Formula: ① You should be able to write 1-6 characteristic languages of characters in relevant chapters of famous books.
(2) Write the personality characteristics of the characters.
(3) Write the story of relevant chapters.
(4) Write the name of the protagonist and the name of the book.
⑤ If you want to choose one aspect from the content, theme, characters and writing techniques, and use refined language to comment on literary masterpieces, you'd better consider the characters.
23. Send text messages
Formula: ① Abbreviate place names with words such as "Shanghai" and "Sichuan". (2) The facts written on the paper should also grasp the main content of the sentence to write.
24. Poetry appreciation
Formula: ① Pay attention to the use of words such as "vivid", "image" and "vivid". The format is: ... well used, describing (or depicting) ... very vivid.
(2) From the perspective of figures of speech, see the previous figures of speech.
(3) to appreciate the whole sentence ideologically, we should write it from the artistic conception (ideological realm, philosophy contained) of the poem, which is similar to explaining the poem.
25. Explain the style of the writer (or literary work).
Formula: ① indicate the age of the author's life.
(2) indicate the characteristics of the author's work.
(2) Combining the "poems" in the author's specific works to illustrate the characteristics.
26. The division of pauses in classical Chinese sentences.
Formula: 1, sentences marked with "so" and "Shi Yi", and draw diagonal lines after these words. 2. If a noun is an adverbial, put a cross before the word. 3. The category of "energy" is actually two words, which are marked after "energy". Draw a line between the subject and the predicate. Draw a line between the predicate and the object.
27. Care before and after.
Formula: 1 Look for keywords at the beginning, middle and end of the article. 2 ... and ... take care of each other and show ...
28. Clever suspense.
Formula: 1 Find out the suspense (keywords) set by the author at the beginning of the article. 2, ..., making the article twists and turns, ups and downs.
29. The role of writing a scene paragraph at the beginning of the article.
Formula: 1 Analyze the characteristics of the scenery written. 2 ... describe ... lay the foundation for writing ... below. 30. Title change
Formula: 1 Find out the changing words of people's address. 2. Use the first person, cordial and true. 3. The change of appellation also reflects the change of emotion.