Speaking of the ancients who studied hard all night in order to seek fame, it was not much better than reviewing for the college entrance examination now. However, college entrance examination students are all short-sighted and have no choice but to hang up their glasses, and their living conditions are much better than today. Could it be that the ancients who were much worse were not short-sighted?
Of course not, but because there were not many people who had the opportunity to be nearsighted in ancient times, after all, most people didn’t read, let alone the devastation of burning the midnight oil and fighting at night. I use my eyes like this, working every day, looking up at the green mountains and green waters, which greatly relieves visual fatigue. When the sun sets, I go home and sleep. There is no such thing as lying on the bed and rubbing my mobile phone to blind myself.
Compared with myopia, night blindness caused by lack of nutrition is actually more serious at this time. Therefore, in ancient times, myopia was a typical disease of wealth. You may not be qualified to think about it. To say that it is because The most famous person who has seriously injured himself by overusing his eyes is Bai Juyi. He has written more than forty poems about myopia in his life. In "Yu Yuan Jiu Shu", he once lamented helplessly, "Glorious" Just like the fly with its bead in the eye, it moves by the tens of thousands, and it is covered by hard study and hard work." Now at a glance, we can tell that this is floaters caused by myopia.
However, there was no such accurate medical concept at that time. It was just that too much force in reading caused eye wear. At the same time, most scholars believed that myopia was mainly due to lack of concentration. As long as you concentrate, It's okay, feudal superstition kills people.
Although there is no cure, the ancients would also find ways to prevent it. "Compendium of Materia Medica? Gepu" records, "Put a pot of Acorus on a table and read at night, and the smoke will be harmless to the eyes." ", calamus was known as the "Four Elegant Flowers" in ancient times, not only because of its high ornamental value, but mainly because it can absorb the black smoke from the oil lamp and prevent eyesight. The most suitable method for people of all ages is hot water. It is said that Su Shi "recovered" after using this method because of overuse of his eyes. Whether the effect is good or not is another matter, but he is a good comrade if he realizes the problem.
In 1410, the King of Malacca brought a novelty when paying tribute, a monocle. At that time, it was called a "single lens". The lens was made of crystal and was extremely precious. The emperor often wore it. It was given as a gift to ministers. For example, Zhu Zhishan, one of the four great talents in the south of the Yangtze River, was very short-sighted, but his family had a big business. He wore a pair of single photos and would not fall when he walked.
However, most of the glasses at this time were imported, and independent intellectual property rights could not keep up. Not many people could enjoy them. It was not until the end of the Ming Dynasty that Sun Yunqiu mastered the polishing technology based on Western geometry. He also invented a tug-o-wheel for grinding lenses, which not only can be used to match glasses according to the degree, but also can be used to match reading glasses for farsightedness. He named more than 40 kinds of glasses-making methods in the "History of Mirrors", "ordering the market to make them according to law." , and then became popular in the world." The price of glasses has been falling all the way, and ordinary people can afford it. For example, this "Scroll of Scenery in Fanhui, Nandu" painted by Qiu Ying in the Ming Dynasty records the life of citizens in Nanjing. Here is the key point. Look at the old man in the lower right corner.