Why was Zhang Kun a senior civil servant in the Tang Dynasty? Let's take a look at his glorious course as a "civil servant": Tang Gaozong took part in the imperial examination in 675, and was a scholar in high school; In the second year of Yifeng (677), she took part in the subject of "writing chapters" and passed the test. Before and after hanging the archway (688), high school participated in the research of "Wen Yuan"; Wu Zetian took part in the first year of longevity (692) and Zheng Shengyuan's first year (695). In the first year of Shenlong (705), Tang Zhongzong was reinstated and took part in two subjects, namely "Meritorious over Wind Music" and "Meritorious over High Position", and at the same time won the middle prize. Jing Yun participated in the course of "Virtue and Founder" for two years (7 1 1 year), a senior three student.
Then the question comes: Why does Zhang Kun, who is in middle school, insist on taking the exam? This involves the imperial examination system in the Tang Dynasty. First of all, even if the scholars passed the imperial examination at that time, they could not directly serve as officials, but only obtained a qualification leading to official career, and had to go to the official department to participate in civil service elections. Secondly, after passing the civil service examination, I still can't get a suitable official position, and I have to wait for the "guarantee election". The above only refers to "standing up", which is for people who have relations. Then, in addition to Jinshi, there is also a "system" for capable scholars who are not related by blood. The imperial court will hold examinations from time to time to select suitable talents.
However, do you think that everything will be all right, and you can do it once and for all? Scholar, you are too naive. After the expiration of the term of office of officials with six grades or less in the Tang Dynasty, they often can't continue to serve, and they need to wait for the election again before they can get the next official position. Do you understand why there is a teaching that "some people in the imperial court are good officials"? This is a living example. Fortunately, the imperial court will not forget capable scholars and officials, except through relationships. You don't want to "keep the election"? Of course. As long as you pass the "training" exam again, you can continue to stay, change jobs, and even wait until Shangguan is lucky enough to be promoted.
Through the above operation methods, we can clearly understand how difficult it is to be a "civil servant of the Tang Dynasty". However, this is completely tailored for Zhang Kun, a "small expert in exams". We can look back at several exams in Zhang Kun. It's so simple and easy. The world of genius is really hard to understand. Of course, the "darling" of the imperial examination system was not made in vain, because he rose from local officials to central officials step by step, and accumulated rich legal experience. Zhang Kun wrote "The tenderness of the dragon, the judgment of the pit of the phoenix". Therefore, it is said that "the world is most afraid of being serious", and it is also said that "there is learning everywhere, and people are most afraid of it." This book has influenced the later Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, spread all over Japan and Korea, and greatly enriched the Chinese legal system.
Life in Zhang Kun is like hanging up the phone. He is not only a qualified model of "civil servant in Tang Dynasty", but also a novelist with advanced consciousness. This talent is not only reflected in his notes and novels, but also in his legendary novel You Xian Dong. This is really a legendary novel! First of all, it is autobiographical; Secondly, it is fantastic; Third, it is extramarital affairs; Fourth, the most important thing is that this is a "color novel" with bright colors. Before the "404" raid, such novels will definitely lead the trend and dominate the "YY stream" online novels.
Zhang Kun was already quite famous at that time. People called his articles "Green Money", which meant that people loved his articles just like popular copper coins. Therefore, Zhang Kun got a nickname: "Bachelor of Green Money". Now, as an idiom, it is specially used to praise people's good literary talent. The history book says, "The world is famous and everyone remembers his works." Not only that, but also: "Silla Japan will pay a lot of money for his works." Unfortunately, after writing the legendary novel You Xian Dong, Zhang Kun was despised by the orthodox court and was falsely accused of relegation. His life as an official is like drawing a circle, starting from Xiangle County Commandant and ending at Lingui County Commandant.
Zhang Kun took part in the scientific research work of Wen Yuan after four years of hanging arch, and was promoted to Luoyang County Commandant after graduating from high school. Compared with the first captain of Xiangle County, he was not only promoted, but also transferred from a remote small county to Luoyang, the first-tier city at that time. This cheerful mood led Zhang Kun to write Yan Yong, the only poem handed down in his life.
As for the writing time of this poem, Liu Su recorded it in more detail in "Xin Yu of Datang": "Zhang Wencheng is famous for his ci poetry, and his chapters and sentences, talents and writers should all be promoted to the first place. Wei turned to Luoyang, so there is a poem "Yan Yong". At the end of the chapter, everyone is sarcastic. "
At the beginning of the poem, the poet was calm and did not float. According to Yu's Zhong Xiang Ji, "There are stone swallows in Lingling, and if you get the thunder wind, you will fly, as beautiful as a real swallow." Here, the poet modestly made an analogy, comparing himself to a Shiyan when he lost the election. This statement is very vivid, and it feels a bit like "a blockbuster without screaming." Nature contains the poet's lofty aspirations, but in order to be reserved, we still have to pose and pretend to be calm.
Since you are modest, then go on and "lead" to the end. "The ability to hold mud is still weak." Swallows hold mud to build nests, which is often used to describe themselves as diligent and active. Swallows nest somewhere, which is often regarded as a good omen. "There is mud outside the golden house and in the jade basket" (Chen Xiaoquan's poem "There is mud on Shuang Yan"). "In the old days, Wang Xietang flew into the homes of ordinary people" (Wuyi Lane by Liu Yuxi), and swallows were regarded as synonymous with wealth. Here, the poet seems to be saying that his talent is low and some are unbearable. In fact, what he revealed in his bones was that he hoped to give himself a better official position. After all, this is not the first time for us poets. He is officially a veteran.
Because of this, in the last two sentences, the poet finally showed all his joy and so much hope. "I have never been to the first place, and I have had two pairs of flights." According to Xuancheng Lu quoted in Selected Works, "Ji Changmu, a servant, and Bai Yan are a pair of monks, who not only show their qualities, but also know their official career." In this way, if you look at these two sentences carefully, it is like swallows nesting in the deep houses of the rich and nobles. They always fly in and out in pairs. This scene looks loveless and sweet, especially enviable. However, combined with the actual situation at that time, we can probably laugh it off. Between the lines, the poet's joy seemed to praise me. I passed the exam again this time.