Cicadas sing in the west, and guests think of the south. (guests ponder: guests think of invasion)
I can't stand the shadow on my temple to break the heart of a white-haired prisoner. (unbearable: that's comparable)
His flight passed through the thick fog, and his pure voice was drowned in the world of wind.
Who knows if he is still singing? Who will listen to me? ?
translate
In late autumn, cicadas are singing outside the Western Wall, which brings the sadness of my prisoner, towards the distant.
How can I stand the good times in Hyun Bin's heyday and recite such a sad poem by myself?
The wings are thin and want to fly, and the human cold can't be kept. The wind is loud and easy to sink, but it is difficult to protect its fragrance.
No one knows that I am as pure and noble as Qiu Chan. Who can express my pure heart of ice crystals for me?
To annotate ...
Xidi: autumn.
Nanguan: Chu Guan, this is what the prisoner meant. Use depth: one is "invasion".
Hyun Bin: It refers to the black wings of cicadas, which is a metaphor for the prime of life. That's comparable: an "unbearable".
Whitehead Song: The name of Yuefu Song.
Dew weight: autumn dew is thick. Difficult to fly: it is difficult to fly high.
Ring: refers to cicada singing. Sink: to sink, cover up.
Noble and clean: lofty and white. The ancients thought that cicadas were noble when they drank dew and stood high. The author speaks for himself.
Centripetal: My heart.
Appreciate:
Small sequence appreciation
This poem was orderly before, but some anthologies of Tang poetry often only recorded poems, and the order was abandoned without recording. In fact, the preface and the poem are an organic whole, and the metaphor in the poem, that is, the correspondence between natural things and personality incarnation, is based on the straightforward description of the preface. To understand the wonderful combination of the two, you have to read the preface of this poem.
It can be said that this is a short and pithy parallel prose and a lyrical novel full of affection. In this preface, the poet narrates the origin of his poems, the form, habits and virtues of cicadas, and expresses that he "lost his way and was caught by time". The sad poet first wrote from The Palace Museum, and expressed his pain in prison and his desire for insight with the allusions of the frustrated official career in Jin Dynasty and the insight into prison affairs in Western Zhou Dynasty. Then, I wrote that cicadas sound sad. "When people's hearts are different from others, worms will make sad sounds before listening." I used questions to associate cicadas with themselves, their hearts and things. Describe the virtues of cicadas with anthropomorphic brushwork. Starting from the morphological habits of cicadas, it is written that cicadas adapt to the changes of seasons and appear with the changes of seasons and climate. Cicada's wings are very thin and her eyes are always open. "Don't be confused by the Tao, don't be vulgar and easy to be true." The poet called it "the Stephen Shangxing Gao of a gentleman who can achieve great things." Because cicada has such virtue, the poet uses cicada as a metaphor and regards cicada as his own personality incarnation. Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long Search" says: "Love moves with things, and words are sent with feelings. A leaf welcomes guests, and the sound of insects is enough to attract the heart. " King Robin compared himself with cicadas, took care of his own shadow and felt sorry for himself. It is the feeling of things that drives things. This conclusion can also be confirmed by Luo's Preface to Fireflies written at the same time: "Things are affectionate and affectionate, but the traces are different." The response is to the same voice, and the Tao is to the same kind. "The poet's experience shows the truth of feeling things, and the aesthetic psychological structure of human beings corresponds to some isomorphism of natural things. The beauty of the poet's chanting lies not only in the principle of isomorphism and correspondence, but also in the rich cultural connotation contained in the cicada image.
Poetry appreciation
Syntactically, this poem begins with two antithetical sentences, but in practice, it uses the method of attracting interest with cicadas to arouse guests' thinking. At the beginning of this poem, Qiu Chan sings loudly, which makes him deaf. Next, it points out that the poet deeply misses his home in prison. Three or four sentences, one about cicada, one about myself, and "Nakan" and "Laidui" form a flowing pair, which connects things with me. The poet satirized Wu Zetian several times and even went to jail. Great young people, after all kinds of political torture, have disappeared, with stars and white hair on their heads. Seeing this singing Qiu Chan in prison, he was still in the dark, and he couldn't help hurting himself. At the same time, he recalled his childhood, which was not as good as Qiu Chan's singing. Now he has accomplished nothing, even went to prison. In these ten words, the poet's method of action is more than ridicule, which euphemistically and tortuous expresses this sad feeling. At the same time, Whitehead is the name of Yuefu music. According to legend, after Sima Xiangru's love for Zhuo Wenjun in the Western Han Dynasty was not special, Zhuo Wenjun wrote a "Whitehead Song" to self-harm. His poem says: "Sorrow is heavy and sad. You don't need to cry when you get married. You must unite and never give up. " (See Miscellanies of Xijing) Here, the poet skillfully used this allusion, further implying that the ruler failed the poet's loyalty to the country. The word "Bai tou yin" plays a pun role here, which is deeper than the original intention. On the cross, it says, "What's so sad? What's so sad about it? What's so sad? " None of them are used, but they are deliberately hidden, which fully shows the implicit beauty of poetry.
The last five or six sentences are purely "bi". There is not a word in the two sentences that is not about cicadas, and there is not a word that is not about yourself. "Exposing the weight" and "windy" are metaphors of environmental pressure, "flying hard" is a metaphor of political dissatisfaction, and "sounding is easy to sink" is a metaphor of suppressed speech. Cicadas are like this, and so are poets. Things here are mixed and inseparable. Only when the poems about objects are written in such a state can they be regarded as "reposing in the distance".
When the poet wrote this poem, he was full of emotion and skillful, so he was strong in the end. The seventh sentence, make persistent efforts, still use the comparative level. Qiu Chan is so high up that no one believes that it is divorced from reality. The poet Yu's character was not known at that time. Instead, he was framed and imprisoned. "Who knows if he is still singing?" It is also an excuse for accepting bribes. However, as Chu Quyuan said in Li Sao during the Warring States Period, "The world is turbid and has no points, so it is beautiful and jealous." In this case, no one came to avenge the poet. "You must pity me, I pity you", which means that only cicadas can sing for me, and only I can sing for cicadas. The last sentence is in the form of a question. Cicada and the poet are integrated.
A good poem should not only have a poetic eye to shine, but also have a "dragon rhyme" to shine. Comparing Yang Jiong's "Joining the Army" with Du Fu's "Book of Letters", if there are no "Long Yin"-style sentences such as "A centurion is not as good as a scholar", "But he failed to conquer, and the hero cried on his skirt from now on", the whole poem will be dull if it is not expressed directly. The same is true of this poem. At the end of the poem, the poet was full of anger and told his long-standing true feelings: "Who knows if he is still singing?" Who will listen to me again? " And then take off the "cicada body" wrapped in the first three sections, so that people can see the author's pure sincerity in serving the country. This kind of sincerity, as the preface says, "is open-minded, not confused by the Tao, not confused by the wings." Sing the breeze of the tree, rhyme longitudinal; Drinking the dew of high autumn is clear and awesome. "It's not easy to be secular. It's better to drink dew than to maintain' charm'. It is this problem that makes "Political Prisoner Listening to Cicada" a masterpiece of Tang poetry, which is superior to the palace poems in the early Tang Dynasty.
This poem, written in adversity, is full of emotion, clear metaphor, natural allusions and witty remarks. It expresses feelings and interests in chanting things, from things to people, from people to things, and achieves the realm of unity of things and me. It is a masterpiece in chanting poems.