In the fourth year of Song Jingyou's reign (1037), Wang Anshi settled in Jiangning (today's Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) with his father Wang Yi. Wang Anshi grew up there and had deep feelings for Zhongshan. In the second year of Xining reign of Emperor Shenzong (1069), Wang Anshi was appointed as Shenzhi Zhengshi (deputy prime minister); the following year, he was appointed as Tongping Zhangshi (prime minister) and began to implement the reform. Due to attacks by opposition forces, he was forced to resign as prime minister several times. This poem was written in February of the eighth year of Xining (1075), when Wang Anshi came to Beijing to pay homage to the prime minister for the second time.
The writing time of "Boachuan Guazhou" has long been controversial. Although it is believed that it was written in Wang Anshi's late period, there are three main opinions on the specific statement: ① In the first year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1068), Wang Anshi He was called from Jiangning Prefecture to Beijing to serve as a Hanlin scholar, and wrote it after passing through Guazhou; ② In the seventh year of Shenzong Xining's reign (1074), Wang Anshi resigned from Beijing and returned to Jinling for the first time; it was written when he passed by Guazhou; ③ In the eighth year of Shenzong's Xining reign, Wang Anshi left Beijing and returned to Jinling. (1075), Wang Anshi paid homage to the prime minister for the second time; it was written when he passed through Guazhou from Jiangning to Beijing.
The famous line "The spring breeze is green again on the south bank of the river, when will the bright moon shine back?" has been praised by people for thousands of years. The word "green" in the poem turns the invisible spring breeze into a vivid image, which is extremely expressive. Literally speaking, the poem expresses his nostalgia for his hometown and his eagerness to cross the river to go home and reunite with his relatives. In fact, the lines also contain his strong desire to return to the political stage and implement the New Deal.