Send Yuan Er Shi Anxi and Book
Zhuliguan and Wanglushan Waterfall
Release Baidi City in advance and so on.
Landscape pastoral poetry
Landscape pastoral poetry, one of the ancient Chinese poems. Xie Lingyun and Tao Yuanming in the Jin Dynasty originated from the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Wang Wei? Meng Haoran is the representative. This kind of poetry is good at describing natural scenery, pastoral scenery and comfortable seclusion. Poetry and painting are meaningful and beautiful, the style is quiet and elegant, the language is beautiful and refined, and the line drawing technique is used.
The appearance of pastoral poetry
Germination: In the long years that the Book of Songs and Songs of the South have passed, there is not a poem dedicated to describing the natural landscape. For hundreds of years in the Han Dynasty, there have been many descriptions of natural scenery in Yuefu five-character poems, especially in Ci Fu. It was only during the Jian 'an period at the end of Han Dynasty that Cao Cao wrote a Song? Watching the Sea, the last performance of the Song Dynasty, presented the only complete landscape movement for the poetry circle before the Han Dynasty. Before Wei and Jin Dynasties, the contents of Chinese poems were all related to human existence, desire, politics and war, and the natural scenery was unknown.
Emergence period: the natural landscape is really regarded as an independent aesthetic object. Poets began to create poems with natural landscape as the theme, which has profound historical and cultural reasons. Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, an era of civil strife, political disorder, the decline of Confucian classics, the prevalence of metaphysics, the openness of ideas and the awakening of human nature, the change of dynasties and the seizure like a lantern, as well as the horror and sadness that people's lives are at stake and cannot last long, have made many poets with awakening consciousness, including those with the status of official ministers, suffer from "white fire, more wealth is harmful, clothes can last for life," For the sake of their overall health, they had to leave the turbulent politics and hide in the trees of mountain springs, hoping that the wind of enterprises fleeing was rampant for a while. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, landscape poems gradually increased. Ji Kang? Zhang Hua? Zuo si? In the poems of Guo Pu and others, it appears that "white clouds stop at the shady mountain, and Dan Garden flowers in the forest of obsidian". The stone spring washed Qiong Yao, and the fish scales also floated and sank. (Zuo Si's Hidden Poetry). After the twists and turns of five-character poems, landscape poems finally became Tao Yuanming and? The appearance of Xie Lingyun, two great poets, established his position in the country of poetry.
Prosperous period: After the formation of landscape poems, although they constantly seek the development of external space and the perfection of internal system, they have a new look and posture in different times, but the life interest and artistic spirit of Taoism and Buddhism have always run through the development of landscape poems. With the prosperity of Tang poetry, landscape poetry has become spectacular. Wang Weihe? Meng Haoran and others inherited the tradition of landscape poetry of Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun. Frontier Poetry School is an idyllic school that reflects each other. There is not a poet in the Tang Dynasty who has not written poems describing natural scenery. There are many poets who are famous for their landscape poems in Tang Dynasty, but Meng Haoran, Wang Wei and Li Bai are the main representatives of the maturity of landscape poems. The pastoral poems after the Song Dynasty are refreshing in terms of poetic language, lyricism, concreteness, scenery description and narration, but the realm of landscape poems is far less than that of the Tang Dynasty.
Representative poet
Seclusion? Xiangyang Road Shanmen? Meng Haoran was one of the few poets who were famous for a hundred years in feudal times. Li Bai has a poem for Meng Haoran: "Master, I cheer you from my heart, and your reputation has risen to the sky." In the rosy youth, you gave up the importance of hats and chariots and chose pine trees and clouds; Now whitehead. Drunk moon, sage of dreams, bewitched by flowers, you turned a deaf ear to the emperor. Mountain, how I long to reach you, it is a pure fragrance. " Meng Haoran is a real hermit. The ancient scholar "If you are rich, you will help the world, and if you are poor, you will be immune to it." He chose the second way, gave up his desire, indulged in natural landscapes indifferently and quietly, and pursued the highest realm of poetry-natural beauty. His poems are close to Tao's, but they have their own style. "Clouds dream and fog come, and Yueyang City is trapped" and "stormy as snow, you can't sit still" are rare. Representative poems are those that present a quiet, cold and steep artistic conception and are deeply imprinted with hermit feelings. He wrote about the hermit's feelings: "On the North Peak among the white clouds, you found a quiet seclusion. Now, when I climb this mountain to see you, my heart flies with the geese. ……"。 His poem describes the joy of the Tian family: "Old friend, you prepared chicken and rice for me and entertained me on your farm. The green Woods meet, and the mountains in the distance are light blue. " ("Passing through the Old Village") Quiet and cold artistic conception, natural and indifferent interest, but it can't hide the inner loneliness and loneliness. Holding the examination paper in meditation, we seem to see a poet with a high heart walking alone on the mountain road, and the mountain wind is blowing his elegant gown.