1. Spring:
Meng Haoran
Spring Dawn
Spring sleeps without realizing the dawn,
I hear birds singing everywhere .
The sound of wind and rain comes at night,
How many flowers have fallen.
"Spring Dawn" shows us a spring scene in the morning after the rain. It seems plain, but it has endless charm. Instead of writing about the blooming flowers or the intoxicating fragrance, I only used a few strokes to vividly outline the strong spring feeling that I felt at an inadvertent moment. The poet rejoices in spring but cherishes spring, and uses cherishing spring as a foil to love spring. His words are simple and meaningful, and his feelings are sincere. From the "sound of wind and rain at night", we can fully imagine the brilliant spring scenery of singing and dancing birds and hundreds of flowers blooming.
Translation
I fell asleep with the lingering spring feeling, and before I knew it, it was dawn;
I woke up suddenly, and there were birds chirping everywhere.
In the dark night, there seems to be the sound of rustling wind and rain;
How many flowers have been blown down by the wind and rain?
Yong Willow, Tang Dynasty, He Zhizhang
The jasper is as high as a tree,
Ten thousand green silk ribbons hang down.
I wonder who cuts out the thin leaves,
The spring breeze in February is like scissors.
Translation: The new willow and jasper are whirling like jade carvings, and countless soft willow branches hang down like ribbons. Who cut out the slender willow leaves? It turns out that the spring breeze in February is a pair of magical scissors.
Comments: The author has meticulous observation, novel metaphors, unique imagination, simple and fluent language, and a strong sense of spring overflows between the lines.
2. Summer
Jiangnan Han Yuefu
You can pick lotus in the south of the Yangtze River, and there are fields of lotus leaves.
The fish plays among the lotus leaves, the fish plays with the lotus leaves to the east, the fish plays with the lotus leaves to the west,
The fish plays with the lotus leaves to the south, and the fish plays with the lotus leaves to the north.
Translation:
It’s the season to pick lotus again in the south of the Yangtze River, and the leaves emerge from the water and are closely connected.
The fish are playing among the lotus leaves, the fish are playing on the east side of the lotus leaves, the fish are playing on the west side of the lotus leaves,
The fish are playing on the south side of the lotus leaves, the fish are playing on the south side of the lotus leaves. Playing on the north side of lotus leaves.
(Note: The last five sentences have the same meaning, they all mean fish playing among the lotus leaves. East, west, south and north are juxtaposed to lay out the story. This is the "Fu" in the Book of Songs technique,)
Explanation:
This article is a love song combined with labor. The poem adopts metaphors and puns commonly used in folk love songs. The word "lotus" is used to symbolize love, and the word "lotus" is used to symbolize love. The fish playing in the lotus leaves is a metaphor for the joyful scene of young men and women falling in love with each other during labor. The style is fresh and healthy. The first three sentences of the poem outline a vivid Jiangnan scenery. The last four sentences are juxtaposed with east, west, south and north, and the changes in direction are based on the swimming of fish, which makes them lively, natural and interesting. The sentence structure is repeated with slight changes, which is a traditional method in the Book of Songs. When used here, it is more reminiscent of the scene of lotus collectors boating in the lake and singing in harmony. There is not a word in the poem that directly describes people, but through the description of lotus leaves and fish, it is like hearing their voices, seeing their people, and being there. They feel a vitality and appreciate the inner feelings of the lotus pickers. joy.
Sent Lin Zifang off at Jingci Temple at dawn
Era: Song Dynasty Author: Yang Wanli Genre: Qijue
After all, the scenery of West Lake in June is different from that of the four seasons.
The lotus leaves touching the sky are infinitely green, and the lotus flowers reflecting the sun are uniquely red.
Notes
[Notes] (1) Jingci Temple: on the south bank of West Lake in present-day Hangzhou. (2) After all: in the end, in the end. (3) Four o'clock: four seasons.
[Translation] After all, it is the West Lake in June, and the unique scenery is different from other times. The lake is full of lotus leaves, and the green lotus leaves are endless, extending to the distance where the water and the sky meet. The lotus flowers reflect the sun against the water, showing a distinctive bright red.
3. Autumn
Mountain Hiking
Du Mu
Far up the cold mountain, the stone path is sloping, and there are people living deep in the white clouds.
I park my car and sit in the maple forest at night, the leaves are as red as the flowers in February due to frost.
[Translation]:
Going up the mountain along the winding path, deep in the white clouds, there are still people. I stopped the car because I loved the evening view of the maple forest in late autumn. The maple leaves, stained by autumn frost, are more beautiful than the spring flowers in February.
The whole poem uses maple leaves to express the warm atmosphere of late autumn.
[Appreciation] This poem describes the autumn scenery seen in the mountains, and the last two sentences are particularly beautiful. Therefore, Huang Sheng's "Excerpts from Tang Poems" says that "there are paintings in poems", which is a "travel picture in autumn mountains". The word "sitting" in the poem is interpreted because of the reason, and does not mean to sit down. "Frost leaves are as red as February flowers", which was praised by the ancients as "a true famous sentence" because it fulfills the original intention and shows the autumn scenery of a maple forest in front of us. You see, under the evening light of the autumn sun, the maple leaves are flowing with red, and the forest is dyed, as bright as the morning glow, as gorgeous as the faded brocade, isn't it more beautiful than the spring flowers in February! Through this piece of red, people can see that autumn has the charm of spring. Can you not feel relaxed and happy and forget to leave?
The sky is clear, the sand is clear, autumn thoughts
Ma Zhiyuan
Withered vines and old trees, dim crows, small bridges and small houses, and ancient roads with westerly winds and thin horses. The sun sets in the west, and the heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
Translation
Withered vines are wrapped around the old trees, and crows returning to their nests at dusk are perched on the branches. Under the small bridge, the water is gurgling, and there are several families nearby, in the ancient and desolate place. On the road, the autumn wind was bleak, and a tired and thin horse carried me hobbling forward. The sun sets slowly to the west, and the sad and heartbroken people are still wandering at the end of the world.
The first painting has 18 words and nine nouns. There is not a single word in it, but it is naturally smooth and rich in connotation. The author uses his skillful artistic skills to let nine different scenery be bathed in Under the clear brilliance of the setting sun, the scenes are presented to us one after another in a "montage" like a movie lens, taking readers into the late autumn season at once: a few dead vines twining around a few bare trees with withered yellow leaves. The autumn wind trembles in the rustling wind, and the sky is dotted with jackdaws, wailing... It creates a desolate autumn scene, creating a desolate and decadent atmosphere, which highlights the author's inner sadness. We can imagine how miserable and helpless it must be for the dun crow to still have an old tree to return to, but the wanderer is wandering without a home and unable to return! Next, there was a small bridge, gurgling water, and a farmyard with faint smoke rising from the kitchen. This kind of pastoral scene with people living in it is so quiet and sweet, comfortable and leisurely. All this can't help but remind the wandering wanderer of the small bridges, flowing water and relatives in his hometown. Here, the sad feelings are written with happy scenes, which makes people feel even more desolate, highlighting the helpless and helpless guest's sorrow in the heart of the wanderer in a foreign land.
In the second painting, we can see that in the bleak autumn wind, on the lonely ancient road, the wanderer who is full of nostalgia is riding a thin horse that has delayed his return, in the deep dusk. Walking towards the distance. At this time, the setting sun is setting in the west, casting a cold ray of light. This is the time for birds and birds to return to their nests, sheep and cattle to circle, and people to return home. However, wanderers are still "heartbroken people at the end of the world". At this moment, In this situation, when a wanderer in a foreign land faces such a bleak and desolate scene, how can he not feel sad, how can he not be heartbroken, how can he not be heartbroken! A wandering wanderer's heart is dripping with blood in the autumn wind...
Ma Zhiyuan uses such a very short ditty to express the indescribable connotations and vividly depict the sadness and sadness of a wanderer in the world. The inner world gives people a shocking artistic experience.
Four. Winter
Jiang Snow
Liu Zongyuan
Thousands of mountains with birds flying away,
Ten thousand people walking across the path Traces disappear.
A man with a coir raincoat in a solitary boat,
Fishing alone in the snow in a cold boat.
〖Translation〗
There are no birds flying in the continuous mountains,
It is difficult to find the whereabouts of people on all the roads.
On a lonely boat,
There was a fisherman wearing a raincoat and a raincoat,
fishing alone on the windy, snowy and cold river.
〖Comments〗
This poem uses line drawing to truly reproduce a quiet, cold, pure and silent natural scene, and expresses the poet's political frustration.
of depression and distress.
War Chariots · Du Fu
The chariots rattled, the horses rustled, and the pedestrians carried bows and arrows at their waists. Ye Niang and his wife saw each other off, but Xianyang Bridge was nowhere to be seen. He held his clothes, stamped his feet, and blocked the road to cry, and his cry went up to the sky.
People passing by the road asked the pedestrians, and the pedestrians said: "Dianxingfrequency." Or from Fanghe in the north of the 15th century, to the camp field in the west of the 40th century. When I left, my head was wrapped up, but when I came back, my head was white. Guard the border. The border court is bleeding into the sea, and Emperor Wu has not yet heard about the Han family. In the two hundred states of Shandong, there are thousands of villages with hoeing and plowing, and there is nothing in the long acres. The soldiers fought hard and were driven away like dogs and chickens. Although the elders asked, how dare the servants express their hatred? And if the county magistrate is eager to ask for rent this winter, where will the tax come from? , On the contrary, it is better to give birth to a girl. If you give birth to a girl, you have to marry your neighbor, and if you give birth to a boy, he will be buried with the grass.
If you don’t see the old ghosts, there will be no one to collect them. The old ghosts are crying, and the sky is wet and rainy.
Translation
The vehicles rumbled, the horses roared, and the soldiers went out with bows and arrows on their waists. Fathers, mothers, wives, and children ran to see each other off, and the Xianyang Bridge was blocked by the dust. The soldiers put on their clothes and stamped their feet to cry, and their cries went up to the sky.
People passing by asked how the soldiers were doing. The soldiers only said that some people were recruited according to the roster. Some went to the north to guard, and some went to the western frontier to farm. When they went there, some strong men were wrapped in turbans. When they returned, they had grown old and still had to go to the frontier. Countless soldiers bled and formed sea water, and Emperor Wu opened up. The thought of the frontier has not stopped yet. Have you not heard that hundreds of villages in the two hundred states east of Huashan in the Han Dynasty are covered with vegetation? Moreover, the soldiers in Qin are able to fight hard and are no different from chickens and dogs. Although the elders have doubts, how can the serving people dare to complain? Just like this winter, the soldiers in the county west of Hangu Pass have not stopped. The government urgently presses the people to pay taxes. Where does the tax come from? If you really know that giving birth to a boy is a bad thing, it is better to give birth to a girl than to marry a neighbor, and to give birth to a boy is to die on the battlefield and be buried in the grass. p>
You haven't seen that on the edge of Qinghai, no one has buried the bones of soldiers who died in battles since ancient times. The new ghosts cry in annoyance and resentment, and the ghosts chirp when the sky is cloudy and rainy.
Spring
1. <
Jasper makes up a tree as high as a tree,
Ten thousand green silk threads hang down .
I don’t know who cuts the thin leaves,
The spring breeze in February is like scissors.
Summer
1. <
The spring flows silently,
The shade of the tree shines on the water and the love is gentle.
The little lotus has just revealed its sharp corners,
It has been there for a long time The dragonfly is on top.
Autumn
1. <
The stone path on the Hanshan Mountain in the distance is sloping,
White clouds are growing There are people everywhere.
Stop and sit in the maple forest at night,
Frost leaves are as red as February flowers.
Winter
1. <
Thousands of mountains and birds have disappeared,
Ten thousand paths of people have disappeared.
Lonely in the day, weeping,
Fishing alone in the cold river snow.
Reference material: story words