The original text of The Book of Songs in lesson 12 in the second volume of Grade 8.
Jiaxu is ash, and Millennium is frost.
The so-called Iraqis, by the water,
Tracing back and forth, the road is blocked and long.
Swim back from it, in the middle of the water
It's been a long time, and it hasn't changed for thousands of years.
The so-called Iraqis are in the water.
Go back and follow, the road is blocked and it is broken.
Swim back from the inside and swim in the pool.
Jia Cai, peace and prosperity have not passed.
The so-called Iraqis are in the water [si].
Go back and follow, the road is blocked and turn right.
Go upstream from it and swim in the water.
Guan Ju
Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river.
A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.
Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right.
A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.
If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day.
Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.
Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right.
A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.
Pull shepherd's purse from left to right.
My Fair Lady, Bell and Drum Music.
The knowledge points of the Book of Songs in lesson 12 in the second volume of the eighth grade.
The theme of Guanju describes the process of a young man's yearning and pursuit for a gentle and graceful lady, describes the pain and happiness he can't get in his fantasy, and reflects the yearning and pursuit of beautiful love by ancient working people.
Through the description of specific situations and imaginary scenes, the novel shows the hero's strong yearning and elusive distress for his distant lover.
Article structure
Guan Ju: We met by the river-thought for a long time-Harp and Harp's friends.
Love at first sight-tossing and turning-the joy of bells and drums
(Love) (Acacia) (Desire)
Jia Jian: Jia Jiancang-the so-called Iraqis-is in the middle of the water.
After a long time-the so-called Iraqis-reached the water.
Jia Cai-known as the water man-Wan Qian
Common sense of literature
The Book of Songs was originally called The Book of Songs, and was later regarded as a classic by Confucianism. The word "Guan" in the title "Guan Ju" is an onomatopoeic word, which is the voice of birds singing; "Pheasant", pheasant pigeon, a kind of waterfowl. "Zan" in the title of Zan Jian refers to plants such as reeds; "Summer" refers to the newly born reed.
"Pigeons in Guanguan, in Hezhou" is about male and female waterfowl and singing, which correspond to each other. On the sand dunes in the water, it's like lovers singing happy love songs together. "Guan Guan" describes the sound of waterfowl singing and overlapping words; At the same time, he said that they "have a fixed couple who are not confused and occasionally swim together without confrontation."
The opening two sentences are full of sound and emotion: setting the tone for the "beauty of neutralization" of the whole poem with a melodious and fair voice; The so-called "saying other things first leads to the words being sung" creates a harmonious atmosphere for the positive expression of love later, which is both profound and strong. And then write "My Fair Lady, Gentleman Good Qiu", which is not surprising. "Gentle and graceful" describes "a lady" with continuous words and beautiful face; "Lady", that is, a good girl; "Good description" is a good spouse. The first chapter is: "A beautiful girl should match a beautiful man", which has become the program of the whole poem.
Jiaxu is a poem about love. The lyric hero of this poem is a young man who falls in love with a girl who lives across the lake. The young man and the girl may have met once, or just met by chance, but he has fallen in love with her deeply. One morning in late autumn, he came to the lake and thought about her and how to get her love.
Lesson 12 "Two Books of Songs" in the second volume of the eighth grade.
[teaching purpose] 1. Understand the thoughts and feelings of ancient working people yearning for the pursuit of beautiful love.
2. Experience the form of repeated chapters and sentences in the poem: that is, the expression of the Book of Songs.
[Teaching Emphasis and Difficulties]
1, grasp the main points of reading and master reading skills.
2. Understand the content of the Book of Songs.
[class hours] Two class hours
First teaching time
In the long corridor of thousands of years of classical literature in China, The Book of Songs is a dazzling pearl, the originator of poetic literature and the source of realistic literature. The two poems we learned today are both from The Book of Songs.
Second, solve the problem.
The Book of Songs, formerly known as The Book of Songs, was later regarded as a classic by Confucianism, so it is called The Book of Songs, which is the collection of poems by the first minister of China. It contains 305 poems from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, which was also called "Three Hundred Poems" in ancient times. These poems are divided into three parts: wind, elegance and ode. Wind, also called "national wind", is a ballad from all over the country. The Analects of Confucius said: "If you don't learn poetry, you have nothing to say." Zhan Ren believes that people can be "gentle, respectful and frugal" through poetry teaching. The Book of Songs has been selected as the teaching material of various schools in ancient times, and even the handmaid of Zheng Xuanjia, a scholar in the Eastern Han Dynasty, is familiar with the Book of Songs, which can be compared with it in daily life.
Third, study the text.
Grasp the whole and clear your mind.
(1) Demonstrate reading the text and remove obstacles in writing by combining notes.
Jis: a water bird.
Yáotiáo: Quiet and beautiful.
Qiú: spouse
An edible aquatic plant.
Wǔmèi refers to time here. Hey, I'm awake. Sleep, sleep.
JiāNJā: reed.
Hey (xι): Fuck.
A small continent or highland in the water.
Ji (Division): By the water.
(2) Preliminary perception of the formal features of poetry.
The title is taken from the beginning of the sentence.
② The basic sentence pattern is four words.
(3) In the form of overlapping chapters, that is, repeated chapters, there is only a small amount of meaning and literal changes.
(4) In order to obtain the aesthetic feeling of phonology, the Book of Songs uses a lot of words such as disyllabic words, reduplicated rhymes and reduplicated words.
(3) Summarize the main content of each poem.
Guanju is about the poet's love for a beautiful girl who picks leeks by the river.
Jiaxu is a beautiful love song. Facing Iraqis, it's just beyond my power and full of infinite affection.
Fourth, assign homework, read and interpret the full text.
Second teaching time
First, review the content of last class.
Second, specific research.
1. From the content point of view, these two ancient poems have a common feature, both of which express the author's yearning for his loved ones.
In Guanju, there are some sentences, such as "I want to get up from sleep", "I want to get up from sleep", "Tossing and turning", "Friends of harps and harps" and "Joy of bells and drums". From sleepless nights to active approach, the poet expressed his infinite admiration and bold pursuit of leek picking girls. Among the national styles, the most concentrated poems are about love and marriage. In the era of The Book of Songs, the restrictions on the communication between men and women in some areas were not as strict as those in later generations, from which we can see the bold pursuit of beautiful girls by young men in these poems.
"Follow it" and "follow it" in Jiaxu express the poet's strong will to pursue what he loves. The road to love is full of difficulties and twists and turns. "Wan is in the water", "Wan is in the water" and "Wan is in the water" express the infinite affection for Iraqis.
2. Generally speaking, social constraints are getting stricter, and lovers' actions have to be restrained. So we saw many love poems in "National Wind", sang the lost and sentimental love and sang the unattainable love. In the eyes of future generations, this may be a subtle artistic expression, but at that time, I am afraid it was mainly a natural expression of suppressed emotions. The artistic style of all poems is not formed for no reason. Bright and warm style must be the product of emotional freedom; Implicit expression is always the result of emotional depression.
3. Fu, Bi and Xing are widely used in The Book of Songs.
According to Zhu's explanation, the word "Xing" in The Book of Songs means "Say something else first to arouse what is sung", that is, use it to pave the way for what is sung. It is often used at the beginning of a poem.
In Guan Luo, the phrase "Guan Luo's dove is in the river continent" rises to "My Fair Lady, My Gentleman is a good gentleman" through the prospect of my eyes. At the same time, Guan Ju and pigeons can also be compared to courtship between men and women or harmony and love between men and women.
In the novel "Jian Peijun is pale and the white dew is frost", it is described that an autumn morning, the poet came to the river to pursue the yearning person, but there was a cold atmosphere among the reeds.
4. Linguistic features of The Book of Songs. Students read aloud and summarize, and experience its function.
(1) The basic sentence pattern of The Book of Songs is four-character, sometimes mixed with two words, up to nine words, but the proportion of miscellaneous sentence patterns is very low, mainly four-character. It can be inferred that the music melody of The Book of Songs sung at that time was relatively stable and simple.
(2) It is often in the form of overlapping chapters, that is, repeated chapters, with only a small amount of meaning and literal changes. The whole article has three chapters 12 sentences, and only a dozen words have been changed. It not only describes the lush state of reeds and the tortuous road of love, but also describes the painful mood of Iraqis who are close at hand. It also shows the poet's persistent pursuit of love through repeated melodies, which seems to have the taste of chorus and rotation. In modern songs, we often see this kind of situation, which can't be said to have an impact, but there is the same truth in ancient and modern times.
(3) Read aloud in groups.
As a ballad, in order to get the aesthetic feeling of sound, the Book of Songs uses a lot of words such as disyllabic words, reduplicated rhymes and reduplicated words. In the rules of ancient Chinese, such words are adjectives, so they are also helpful to express tortuous and obscure feelings and depict wonderful and beautiful nature. Students find examples from the text and understand their functions. In Guanju, Guan Guan (overlapping words) describes the singing of birds, graceful (overlapping rhyme) shows the beauty of ladies, uneven (double voice) depicts the state of aquatic plants, tossing and turning (overlapping rhyme) depicts the scene that people can't sleep because of lovesickness, which is both harmonious and vivid. The words "Cang Cang", "Lush" and "Picking" (overlapping words) in Jiaxu describe the lush appearance of reeds, and serve as auxiliary cushions for "Follow it" and "Follow it" to render the atmosphere. Experience it by reading aloud.
Third, assign homework to recite the full text.