Original text of "Shui Diao Ge Tou·Fu Sanmenjin":
On the nine heavens above the Yellow River, humans and ghosts look down upon all the passes. The wind is strong and the waves are high, and the sun is shining coldly. It is as steep as a thousand people in Luliang, as strong as August in Qiantang, and goes straight down to wash away the world. Everything is in ruins, but one peak is still idle. Looking up at the dangerous nest, two swans pass by, and it is difficult to climb. What's the use of this danger in the human world? Mysterious gods are evil throughout the ages. There is no need to burn the rhinoceros and shoot down, it may not be enough to block the violent waves. Calling for whale riders, Lao drums passed through the silver mountains. Translation and annotation of Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Fu Sanmenjin
Translation The water of the Yellow River seems to come from the sky. The danger of the Yellow River is so dangerous that even ghosts can overlook it and dare not cross it. When the wind blows, the waves are turbulent, and the waves are flying into the sky, and the flying waves sparkle in the sun. The water waves set off by the Yellow River are higher than the Luliang Mountains, and the momentum of the water waves is comparable to the Qiantang tide in August. It sweeps across the sky and washes away the world. The waves of the Yellow River wash away everything, but the Dzhushan Mountain in the middle of the river remains calm and calm in the face of the huge waves. The height of Pillar Mountain is like that dangerous nest, which is difficult to climb. What is the use of such dangers in the world? It turned out to be to test loyalty and adultery. There is no need to "shoot under the rhinoceros" to see the beautiful underwater scenery, and there is no need to pull the bow as hard as you want to fly to turn the tide. Calling the whale rider, beating the drum and flying over the silver mountains.
Notes (1) Sanmenjin: Sanmenxia, ??originally located in the Yellow River northeast of Sanmenxia City, Henan Province today, was named after Sanmen Mountain in the gorge. According to "Shaanzhou Chronicles": "There are three gates: the middle gate of gods, the south gate of ghosts, and the north gate of people. However, if the gate of people is wide enough, it can be used by boat. The gate of ghosts is particularly dangerous, and those who enter by boat or raft rarely escape. The three gates are so wide, About thirty feet. "(2) Rengui: refers to the South Ghost Gate and Beiren Gate in the Three Gorges. (3) Luliang: "Liezi·Huangdi": "Confucius looked at Luliang, where the water hung thirty feet and foam flowed forty miles, and Yuan Tuo, fish and turtles could not swim." This place is not famous. . (4) Qiantang August: refers to the largest tide of Qiantang River on August 18th. (5) Chenhuan (huan): the earthly world. (6) Collapse: The flood will collapse with the sun. (7) Yifeng: It seems to refer to the divine gate, because it is said that "people and ghosts" are important gates. Or it refers to the mainstay mountain, that is, the mainstay. (8) Dangerous Nest: A bird's nest high on a cliff. The words come from Su Shi's "Hou Chibi Fu": "The perilous nest of the climbing falcon". (9) Hu (hu): the name of a water bird, commonly known as a swan. (10)杳 (yǎo): This refers to high and far. (11) Mysterious gods and evil spirits: "Zuo Zhuan·Xuan Gong Three Years" records that Xia Yu cast the images of hundreds of things on the tripod to "make the people aware of the evil spirits and evil spirits". In the word "divine evil" refers to all kinds of good and evil magical things. (12) Burning rhinoceros: "Book of Jin·Biography of Wenqiao (jiao)" records that when Qiao arrived at Niuzhuji, people said there were many monsters under it, "Qiao then burned the rhinoceros horn and shined a light on it. After a while, he saw the water tribe covered with fire, with strange shapes. Or riding a carriage and wearing red clothes." (13) 佽 (ci) Fei: the name of a military officer of the Han Dynasty. He used his palm to shoot birds and beasts. A cloud of a cloud means wrongdoing. A warrior from the Chu Kingdom in the Zhou Dynasty once crossed a river and found a boat trapped between two dragons. He could not escape without drawing his sword and killing the dragons. Su Shi's poem "Watching the Tide on the 15th of August": "Ande Fu sent rhinoceros hands into the water, and three thousand strong crossbows shot down the tide." (14) Obstruction of violent waves: Han Yu's "Jin Xue Jie": "Obstruct hundreds of rivers to the east, and return to the east." The storm is about to fall." (15) Whale Rider: Refers to a brave person. (16) Laos (zhuā): percussion. (17) Yinshan: refers to Taotou. Zhang Ji's "Nine-day Banquet on Yang Gongtai in Baqiu": "The cold waves are rising on the Ten Thousand Layers of Silver Mountain." Appreciation of "Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Fu Sanmenjin"
This poem is similar to "Shui Diao Ge Tou·You Longmen" of the same name. They are both about visiting rivers and mountains and expressing feelings. This word is more powerful and the scenery is more amazing. Sanmenjin is a very dangerous section of the Yellow River. The river is divided into human gate, ghost gate and divine gate. The water is very fast and the waves are so fast that only one boat can pass through. There is a mainstay in the middle, which is called the mainstay of the mainstay. Sanmenxia is located in a mountainous area with strange mountains and rapid rivers, presenting a majestic scene of waves and horses quietly listening to the surging pines and wind.
The first film describes the momentum of the Yellow River and the leisurely pace of the mainstay. The last two sentences of "The Yellow River is in the Nine Heavens" describe the length and danger of the Yellow River. "The Yellow River reaches the nine heavens" seems to have the same artistic conception as Li Bai's "The water of the Yellow River comes up from the sky". "Going down to the ghost to look at the pass" shows how dangerous the Yellow River is and how sad it is for humans and ghosts. The last five sentences of "Changfeng" use thick lines to outline the powerful momentum of the Yellow River's raging waves and spraying waves. The images of Luliang's Thousand-Ren Hanging Water and Qiantang's Raging Tide in August are used to specifically depict the height of the Yellow River's water waves, which are higher than those of the mountains. High risk, spectacular, both physical and spiritual. The last two sentences of "Everything" further illustrate that although the Yellow River has strong water and strong waves, it still becomes insignificant in front of Dizhu Mountain. The side of "Yifengxian" highlights the majestic posture of the main mountain, which is proud of the wind and waves, standing up to the sky and the earth. It also implies that the author is not afraid of hardships, optimistic and open-minded temperament and extraordinary ambitions. The description of the scene is lyrical and seamless.
The next film uses classical past events to express the poet's high-spirited and positive fighting spirit. The three sentences "Yangwan Nest" use the meaning of the sentence "The Dangerous Nest of the Climbing Cuckoo" in Su Shi's "Hou Chibi Ode" to describe the high and dangerous position of the Mainstay Mountain. The last two sentences of "human world" also use the concept of "divine traitor" in "Zuo Zhuan". Legend has it that Xia Yu cast the shapes of hundreds of things on the tripod to "make the people aware of gods and treacherous people", thus distinguishing the appearances of gods and treacherous people. What is the use of such danger? It turns out to be a place where people are tested. The three sentences after "no need" use two allusions. The first is that Wen Qiao of the Eastern Jin Dynasty "burned the rhino" under Zhuzhuji to see the beautiful underwater scenery. The second is the story of Yi Fei, a warrior from the Chu Kingdom in the Spring and Autumn Period, who entered the river with his sword and killed two dragons. The above aspects vividly describe the dangers and evils of Sanmenxia on the Yellow River. The last two sentences, "call out", etc., quote the image of the whale rider created by Li Bai, expressing the poet's uncontrollable heroic ambition.
This word is used in many dictionaries, and it is not vague or difficult to understand. All dictionaries are on topic. From the perspective of the layout of the article, it also echoes up and down, interlocking, and full of momentum. Therefore, Ye Xie's "Original Poetry" said: "Write your thoughts freely, give full play to the scenery, the scenery is unique, and the meaning comes from nature." Shui Diao Ge Tou·Fu Sanmenjin Appreciation
This is a poem A poem about the majesty and danger of Sanmenxia. In history, Sanmenxia is world-famous for its majesty and danger, attracting countless poets and poets to write poems and write articles, leaving behind many famous works. Yuan's work is characterized by bold writing, sweeping momentum, and rich imagination. It is indeed a rare masterpiece among the works of the past dynasties that praise Sanmenxia.
The first sentence is very similar to the situation created by Li Bai's poem "The water of the Yellow River comes from the sky". From a visual perspective, the Yellow River water in the poet's eyes should be from far to near, from high to low, flying down from the nine heavens; the turbulent and endless flow of water causes strong psychological shock to people, forming a huge The contrast has a thrilling artistic effect. And after "The Yellow River is on the nine heavens", there is another sentence "Man and ghost overlooking the pass", which means that the river overlooks the pass of man and ghost. From looking up to looking down, from far to near, the objects also change from vague to concrete. These two sentences converge the water of the Yellow River into the Sanmen Gorge and bring the scenery into reality. Although there is no word "danger", there are dangers everywhere. Thanks to these two sentences, "The wind is blowing and the waves are blowing, and the sun is shining and the sun is cold." The river has a huge drop, the gorge is extremely deep, and there are many passes, which will inevitably create a rare spectacle in the world. Naturally, there will be strong winds and high waves, which will definitely form a "raging" force. Under the strong wind and huge waves, the water splashed and the water vapor was dense, making the sunlight that originally gave people warmth look cold. This is not only the feeling of the poet, but also a natural wonder created by heaven and earth. In the above four sentences, the poet wields a huge pen like a rafter, carrying the wind and waves, creating a majestic and charming realm, embodying the word "danger". At this point, the poet still feels that his meaning is not finished, and uses two metaphors in succession: "As steep as a thousand people in Luliang, as strong as August in Qiantang." Luliang Mountain is located in the northeast of Lishi County, Shanxi Province. It is a dangerous mountain and is the backbone of the Western Shanxi Plateau. . "Liezi·Huangdi" chapter says: "Confucius looked at Luliang. The water was hanging thirty feet high and foam was flowing thirty miles away. It was a place where turtles, fish and turtles could not swim." Sanmen Gorge is close to Luliang Mountain, and its precipitous location is similar. If this is a metaphor that the poet draws from a nearby place, then it is a distant metaphor to use the majestic momentum of the Qiantang River during the August tide to compare with the rapidity of the current in Sanmenxia. These two scenes, one in the north and one in the south, are both world-famous for their majesty. They are perfectly suitable to be used to describe the Sanmen Gorge. The words "precipitous" and "strong" are added to express how dangerous and majestic the Sanmen Gorge is. It can be described as vivid and vivid. These two apt metaphors not only enrich the content of the whole poem, but also open up an artistic cave for readers to explore their imagination. Then, the poet added the sentence "straight down to wash away the world", which further highlighted the water of the Yellow River falling straight into the sky, with the heroic spirit of washing the entire world. "Everything is collapsing, but one peak is still idle." The first sentence still picks up the momentum accumulated in the previous sentence, talking about the great power of the Yellow River, and the writing style is extremely horizontal; but the second sentence suddenly turns around, writing about the stability of the mainstay mountain in Sanmen Gorge, and the writing style suddenly converges . Movement and stillness form an interesting contrast to each other. The wild horse-like momentum from the beginning of the chapter suddenly stopped, becoming calm and steady.
Although the writing style of Xia Qiao changes from restrained to relaxed, the tone changes from heroic and agitated to vigorous and uneven. "Looking up to the dangerous nest, two swans passing by, it is difficult to climb." The three sentences come immediately after the end of the column "Still a peak is idle". It is written that except for birds building nests on it and swans flying over there, it has never been visited by people. , difficult to climb. The word "yang" not only raises the momentum, but also changes the perspective. Starting from "What's the use of this danger in the world, the mystery of the eternal evil spirits" and onwards, the whole poem changes from describing the scene to expressing emotion. These two sentences express that such dangerous places in the human world are of no use. Since ancient times, they have only provided places for ghosts and gods to cause trouble. "You don't need to burn the rhinoceros to shoot down, you may not be able to shoot powerfully and block the violent waves." The first two sentences use two allusions respectively. "Burning the rhinoceros and taking the photo" refers to the "Jin Shu Biography of Wen Qiao", which states that Wen Qiao "reached Niuzhuji, and the water depth was unfathomable. It was said that there were many monsters under it, so Qiao burned the rhinoceros horn and illuminated them. In a moment, the water tribe was destroyed." , strange shapes, or people riding in carriages and wearing naked clothes." The latter refers to insight into evil. "彦飞" was the name of an official during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. He was in charge of flying and shooting birds and beasts. Here, it means that he was light and quick and good at shooting. In the poet's opinion, there is no use for Ranxi's ability to see through monsters, or his ability to fly, which is light and quick and good at shooting. Because they may not be able to turn the tide. Then, the only thing that can "stop the violent waves" is the unmoving mainstay mountain. "Call the whale riders to cross the silver mountains with drums." He also said that only the whale riders roaming the rivers and seas can beat the drums and steadily cross the waters of Sanmenxia, ??where the waves are stacked like silver mountains. The pen is full of ink and expresses the heroic sentiments.
This word is purely based on momentum. The first film is more about scenery, while the second film is more about lyricism and discussion. But as far as the whole poem is concerned, the description of scenery, lyricism, and discussion are integrated into one; the poet not only writes about the majestic momentum of Sanmenxia, ??but also integrates his own life experience; the scenery is majestic and majestic, and he is filled with emotion and anger.
Poetry works: Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Fu Sanmenjin Poetry author: Jin Dynasty Yuan Haowen Poetry classification: Bold and unrestrained, Yellow River, description of scenery, lyricism