For example: Guo Moruo's poem: the market in the sky
At the beginning of the poem, the poet saw "street lamps in the distance", which appeared and disappeared like stars in the sky, so he naturally linked "street lamps" with "stars" and expressed this association in figurative rhetoric, which not only described the charming night scene, but also hinted at the pursuit of a bright future and dissatisfaction with the dark reality. This kind of "association" with strong fantasy color attracts readers' attention from the world to the sky, paving the way for the detailed description of "the market in the sky" below.
In the last three sections, the author uses imagination to describe the furnishings of Tianjie, the life of Cowherd and Weaver Girl and their current activities. The objective existence of the "fairyland", "Tianhe" and "meteor" conceived by the poet with imagination is so concrete and real: a beautiful market, where exotic goods can live, and a cowherd and a weaver girl ride cows and carry lanterns. In the poet's pen, myths and legends are perfectly integrated with the actual scene, which seems unreal and true, arouses readers' infinite reverie, follows the author's imagination and travels in fairyland, thus feeling the poet's beautiful feelings of pursuing ideals.
First, what association and imagination?
Association is an ideological activity, which reminds one thing of something related to it. Association is a skill in the art of poetry. The poet Ai Qing once said in "On Poetry": "Association is a similar memory evoked by things; Lenovo is the echo of experience and experience. "
Imagination refers to the process that a poet reviews or creates a new image from memory.
Second, the application of association and imagination in poetry.
Let's talk about association first.
As an association in ancient poetry, its manifestations are various. Now this example is explained as follows:
1, similar association in ancient poetry and its application;
For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night:
The foot of my bed is shining so brightly. Is there frost already?
Here, the poet uses similar associations. These two sentences are the illusion of the poet in a specific foreign environment for a moment. A person who lives alone in a foreign country and is busy during the day can still dilute his sadness. However, in the dead of night, the waves of missing his hometown will inevitably surge in his heart. So he woke up in his sleep, mistaking the Leng Yue in front of his bed for the thick frost on the ground. This association not only shows the bright moonlight, but also points out the cold of the season, and also sets off the loneliness and desolation of the poet wandering abroad.
2. Contrastive thinking in ancient poetry and its application;
For example, Chen Tao's West Longxi Westbound in the Tang Dynasty:
Swear to sweep the Huns regardless of health, 5,000 sable brocade mourned Chen Hu, so poor that she had no bones by the river, and she was still a dream girl.
The main idea of this poem is to write about the deep suffering brought by the war to the people. But the author does not describe it from the front, but makes four comparisons with association: one is movement, the other is "swearing to sweep the Huns" and "five thousand mink brocade"; Both life and death, "regardless of body" and "mourning Chen Hu"; Third, before and after the "Wuding River" and "Spring Boudoir"; Fourth, people are haunted, Dreamer and Bones by the River. Through strong contrast, the heroic sacrifice of the soldiers on the battlefield, the desolation of the remains by the river and the misery of the missing strangers at home are presented in an orderly manner, which not only deepens the theme, but also embodies many levels, thus producing a shocking artistic effect.
3. Relevant ideas in ancient poems and their applications;
For example, Zhang Jie's Book Burning Pit in the Tang Dynasty:
Liu Xiang didn't study before the Grey Cold Shandong Rebellion.
Qin Shihuang is related to "the ashes are not cold", and Qin Shihuang, Liu Bang, Xiang Yu and others are related to "Shandong Rebellion". Here, related associations are used to express opinions and feelings. Shandong rebellion lasted for a period of time, and the Qin Dynasty finally died at the hands of Liu Bang and Xiang Yu. One of the two men has been in the market for a long time, and the other is a professional. Neither of them is a scholar. It can be seen that "books" are not necessarily the curse, and "burning books" is not necessarily an effective measure to consolidate "the inheritance of future emperors". Saying that "Liu Xiang doesn't study" can destroy Qin's "burning books" is simply a teasing tone, which contains extremely spicy irony.
4. Inverse association in ancient poetry and its application;
For example, Wang Wei's "Making the Frontier" in the Tang Dynasty:
The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen.
This poem describes a common desert scene, but the author can think of a "sunset" from "solitary smoke" through reverse association. The light color of "solitary smoke" and the color of "sunset", the strong pull of "straight" and the softness of "circle" form a unique visual effect, a wonderful and spectacular picture, a combination of poetry and painting, a wide and vivid picture, and a magnificent sentence.
5. Causal association in ancient poetry and its application;
For example, Du Fu's Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night in the Tang Dynasty:
Good rain knows the season, when spring comes. Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.
Here, the reason is fruit. What's good about spring rain? First of all, she knows the season. She is considerate, knows the season, and floats around when people are in urgent need, prompting opportunities. The second is silent dedication. In the boundless night, come with the wind, quietly, moisten everything, and have no intention of seeking "goodness".
Keep talking about imagination.
For example, Wang Wei's "Remembering my Shandong brothers on vacation in the mountains":
I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.
The poet expressed his feelings of missing his brothers by imagining that they were missing one person when climbing the dogwood.
For another example, Li Baichang integrated reality with dreams, fairyland, nature with human society. His dream of climbing Mount Tianmu is full of poems that let go of thoughts, and the poet's imagination is like a runaway wild horse. The dreamland and fairyland depicted by him are the bright and beautiful ideal world he yearns for.
Thirdly, the role of association and imagination in poetry.
With the help of association, we can cross time and space, increase the connotation of poetry and enrich the thoughts and emotions of poetry. With the help of magnificent imagination, the meaning of poetry can also be constructed, and at the same time, it will arouse readers' infinite associations.