Wang Anshi
There are some plums in the corner.
Ling cold drives alone.
Distant knowledge is not snow,
Because of the faint fragrance.
[Notes]
1. cold ling: braved the cold.
2. remote: remote.
3. For: Because.
4. Dark fragrance: refers to the fragrance of plum blossoms.
[explanation]
There are some plum blossoms in the corner, blooming alone in the cold. Why do you know from a distance that Bai Meihua is not snow? That's because there is a faint plum blossom fragrance.
[Appreciation]
Among the poems about plum blossoms sung by the ancients, one is quite famous, that is, Xiaomei in the Garden in the Mountains written by Lin Bu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty before the author. In particular, the poem "Shadows are shallow and dusk is fragrant" is known as Yongmei's swan song. Lin Bu, who has never been an official, married and had children, and lived alone on the hillside of an isolated mountain near the West Lake, growing plums and raising cranes, living in seclusion. Therefore, when he wrote Yongmei's poems, he could only express his lofty thought of being divorced from social reality. The author's poems are different. He skillfully borrowed Lin Bu's poems, but he was able to bring forth the new. Look at the plum blossoms he wrote. They are as white as snow. They grow in the corner without inferiority, and they exude a fragrance from a distance. The poet described the purity and beauty of plum blossom with snow by appreciating its noble character of not being afraid of cold, and pointed out that plum blossom has a "dark fragrance" more than snow, which shows the great charm of a strong and noble personality. In the extremely complicated and difficult situation of the Northern Song Dynasty, the author actively reformed, but failed to get support. His lonely mentality and difficult situation naturally have something in common with Meihua. This little poem has profound implications, and the sentences are simple and natural, without any traces of carving.
Zaofa baidicheng
li po
Say goodbye to Bai Di,
Thousands of miles in Jiangling, one day.
Apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait kept crying.
The canoe has crossed Chung Shan Man.
[Notes]
1. Bai Di: Dongbaidi Mountain in fengjie county, Sichuan Province, with Bai Di on it, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
2. Jiangling: jiangling county, Hubei Province, located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
3. Crow: Bark.
[Brief analysis]
This is a seven-character quatrain that has been told through the ages.
In the spring of 758 AD, Li Bai was exiled to Yelang (present-day western Guizhou) because of his involvement in Li Lin, the shogunate of Wang Yong, and was pardoned only when he arrived in Baidicheng. On the way back to Jiangling, I wrote this poem, expressing the poet's happy mood.
In the first sentence, the poet recalled that the sailing time was in the morning and the place was Baidicheng. "Caiyun" is about the height of Baidicheng. Colorful clouds blend with the poet's joy of forgiveness. The second sentence describes the poet's wish and the speed of the ship, which takes only one day to reach Jiangling. The poet used exaggerated techniques to write the trend of a long river running thousands of miles, and at the same time expressed the mood of the poet "anxious to return".
The third and fourth sentences vividly describe the rapid driving of canoes. "The apes on both sides of the strait are crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man." The cries of apes on both sides of the strait have not stopped, but the brisk boat has passed Qian Shan Wanling. These two sentences are very clever rhetorical devices: the poet writes the ape first, then the canoe, and connects "can't cry" with "crossing Chung Shan Man" with a word "you", and uses the echo of the ape to set off the rapidity of the canoe. The poet's desire to return to the East is permeated with the bright rhythm of poetry.
The whole poem is lyrical about the scenery, lively and lively, expressing relaxed and happy feelings, reaching the point of blending scenes.
Summer quatrains
Li Qingzhao
Living as an outstanding person,
Death is also a ghost.
I still miss Xiang Yu,
More important than crossing the river by boat
[Notes]
1. Hero: a hero among the people. Emperor Gaozu once praised the founding heroes Sean, Xiao He and Han Xin as "outstanding figures".
2. Ghost hero: the hero in the ghost. Qu Yuan's national mourning: "When you die, God takes the spirit, and the soul is a ghost."
3. Xiang Yu (232 BC-202 BC): He was born in the late Qin Dynasty (now Suqian, Jiangsu). He led the rebel army to destroy the main force of Qin Jun and became the overlord of Chu. After being defeated by Liu Bang, he broke through to Wujiang (now Hexian County, Anhui Province) and committed suicide.
[Modern Translation]
Living in a crowd like a hero,
Dead should also be a hero among ghosts.
People still miss Xiang Yu,
Because he refused to drag out an ignoble existence and went back to Jiangdong.
[explanation]
This poem clearly puts forward the value orientation of life: people should be heroes in life and make contributions to the country; Even if you die, you have to die for your country and become a hero in ghosts. Patriotic passion, beyond words, was really inspiring. The rulers of the southern song dynasty, regardless of the lives of the people, only care about their own escape; Abandon the rivers and mountains of the Central Plains, but beg to drag out an ignoble existence. Then, the poet remembered Xiang Yu. Xiang Yu broke through to Wujiang River, and the director of Wujiang Pavilion advised him to cross the river quickly, return to Jiangdong and beat the drums again. Xiang Yu felt ashamed to see his elders in Jiangdong, so he turned around and killed hundreds of enemy troops, and then committed suicide. The poet lashed out at the shameless behavior of the rulers in the Southern Song Dynasty, and used the ancient times to satirize the present, which was awe-inspiring. There are only twenty words in the whole poem, and three allusions are used in succession, but it's no harm to pile them up, because they are all the poet's voices. The poems that hit the floor are so generous and vigorous, all written by women, which really makes people overwhelmed.
Drunk book in Wang Hu Building on June 27th.
one
Su Shi
Dark clouds can't hide the mountains.
Bai Yu jumped into the boat.
The wind comes and blows away,
Overlooking the lake, the water is like the sky.
[Notes]
1. Wang Hu building: Hangzhou West Lake.
2. Flipping ink: Black clouds like ink roll over in the sky. Cover up: cover up, cover up.
3. Jumping beads: describe raindrops jumping on the boat like pearls.
4. Wind: The wind rolls up from the ground.
[explanation]
This poem describes a torrential rain that came and went in a hurry on the West Lake in summer. The first sentence is dark clouds rolling, and the second sentence is big.
It was raining cats and dogs, and the last two sentences said it was over after the rain. How fast nature changes, and how magical poets use pens.
[Introduction to the author]
Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zi Zi Zhan, named Dongpo layman, and his father Su Xun and brother Su.
He Zhe was originally named "Su San" and was born in Meizhou (now meishan county, Sichuan). There are seven episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Yuefu and so on.
Drunk book in Wang Hu Building on June 27th.
Secondly,
Su Shi
Let the fish and tortoise out one by one,
Lotus without owner is blooming everywhere.
Water pillows can tilt mountains,
Wind ship solution and moon roaming.
Four ancient folk songs with seven-character poems on love or local themes
Liu Yuxi
Willow and green Jiang Shuiping,
Smell the songs on the Langjiang River.
Sunrise in the east and rain in the west,
It's sunny on the road.
[Notes]
1. Zhuzhici: Bayu (now Chongqing, Sichuan Province) folk song. The lyrics are mixed with local scenery and love between men and women, full of rich life breath. This beautiful folk literature form has aroused the interest and imitation of some poets. There are eleven kinds of Zhuzhi Ci copied by Liu Yuxi.
2.Sunny: It is homophonic with "love". On the surface, the poet uses homophonic puns to say the weather. In fact, it means that this song seems to be "heartless", but in fact it is "affectionate" and elusive.
[Brief analysis]
This poem imitates the technique of folk love songs and describes the complex mood of a first-love girl when she hears her lover's song.
The first sentence, "willow green, Jiang Shuiping green". It is a warm spring, and willows and wickers brush the water by the river. The flowing water in the river is as smooth as a mirror.
The second sentence "I heard a song on the Langjiang River". In this touching environment, the girl suddenly heard the voice of young people floating on the river. This song is like a stone thrown into a calm river, splashing ripples and affecting the girl's emotional waves.
Three or four sentences, "The east rises and the west falls, and the weather is sunny on the road", write about the psychological activities of girls after hearing songs. She has long liked this young man, but the other party has never made it clear. Today, I heard some deep feelings from his singing, so she felt: this man's heart is like unpredictable weather, saying it is sunny, but in fact it is raining in the west; Call it a rainy day, but the sun shines in the east. In the sentence "There is a saying that it is sunny, but it is sunny", the poet skillfully links the two unrelated things "sunny" and "love" through homophonic puns, showing the delicate feelings of the first love girl.
This poem has always been loved by readers because of its simple language, fresh poetry and simple artistic conception. House of Bamboo
Wang Wei
Leaning alone in the dense bamboo,
Play the piano and repeat the whistling.
Deep forest people don't know,
Come and take pictures tomorrow.
[Notes]
1. You Ruo: Deep in the bamboo forest. Huang: Bamboo forest.
2. Long whistle: squeeze your mouth and scream. Whistling is clear and long, so it is called whistling.
[Modern Translation]
Sitting alone in the depths of the bamboo forest,
Whistle while playing the piano.
No one knows that in the deep forest,
The bright moon reflected from the sky.
[explanation]
This poem also shows a state of tranquility. In the first two sentences, the poet sat alone in the deep and dense bamboo forest, playing the strings and blowing a long whistle. In fact, no matter "playing the piano" or "whistling", it embodies the poet's elegant and free-spirited temperament and is not easy to cause others to sing. So the last two sentences said, "It's too light for anyone to hear except my comrade, Mingyue." I live in a secluded forest, and I don't feel lonely because the bright moon still shines on me all the time. The personification technique is used here, and the bright moon sprinkled with Yin Hui is regarded as a bosom friend, which shows the poet's novel and unique imagination. The style of the whole poem is quiet and leisurely, as if the poet's mood and natural scenery are integrated.
Takeishi
Zheng Xie
Bamboo is not relaxed at all, its roots are firmly embedded in the cracks in the rocks.
After thousands of tortures and blows, it is still strong, whether it is the southeast wind or the northwest wind in winter, it can bear it and will still be tough and straight.
[Notes]
1. Bamboo stone is an inscribed poem.
2. Assertion: metaphor is rooted firmly, just like biting.
3. grinding: torture. Perseverance: firm and strong.
4. Joel: That. It means: the wind in the southeast and northwest blows fiercely, but it can't be blown down.
[explanation]
This is a poem with profound implications. The first two sentences say that bamboo is rooted in broken rocks and has a solid foundation. The second sentence says that no matter how the wind blows from all directions, the bamboo stone is still strong. While praising Zhu Shi's firm and tenacious spirit, the author also implies the strength of his own character. "Endure all kinds of hardships, stay strong, and let the east, west, north and south prevail" is often used to describe revolutionaries' firm stance in struggle and unshakable character when the enemy attacks.
[Introduction to the author]
Zheng Xie (Yin Xie) (1693- 1765), born in Xinghua (now Xinghua County, Jiangsu Province), was a famous painter and calligrapher in Qing Dynasty. A gift for Wang Lun.
li po
Li Bai will want to travel by boat,
Suddenly I heard singing on the shore.
Peach Blossom Lake is deep in thousands of feet,
Not as good as Wang Lun.
[Notes]
1. Wang Lun: Li Bai made generous friends in Taohuatan. This poem is dedicated to him.
2. Step on the song: while singing, beat the time with your feet.
3. Taohuatan: The name of the water pool is in the southwest of Jingxian County, Anhui Province.
[Brief analysis]
When Li Bai plays in Taohuatan, Jingxian County, he often visits Wang Lun, a villager. When he left, Wang Lun came to see me off, so Li Bai wrote this poem to leave. This poem expresses Li Bai's deep affection for Wang Lun, an ordinary villager.
The first two narratives: "Li Bai was about to leave by boat when he heard singing on the shore." Li Bai is going to leave by boat. Wang Lun came to see me off with a group of villagers. They walked arm in arm and sang. Considering "desire" and "sudden smell", he wrote the poet's surprise model. "Will and desire" is the time when the ship is ready to go; "Suddenly smell" means unexpected. Maybe Wang Lun gave a farewell dinner last night, which means something can't be delivered the next day. But now he has not only come, but also brought a group of villagers to see him off. Why not make the poet excited! What language is used to express it? The Peach Blossom Pond is nearby, so the poet has a handy hand to compare the depth of the Peach Blossom Pond with Wang Lun's affection for himself. "Peach Blossom Lake is deeper than thousands of feet, not as good as Wang Lun's love for me." Shen Deqian commented in Qing Dynasty: "It is a common saying that Wang Lun's love is better than thousands of feet's. The wonderful scene is just in a transition. " Indeed, the beauty of these two sentences is that the word "less than" connects two unrelated things. Taking thousands of feet Peach Blossom Pool as a reference, it is both vivid and intriguing to turn intangible friendship into tangible. The pool is "deep in thousands of feet", so how deep is Wang Lun's friendship?
Tang Ruxun in the Ming Dynasty said in the Interpretation of Tang Poems: "Lun, the ear of a village, how can it be near white?" It's time to make wine, and it's time to say goodbye to our ancestors. Our feelings are solid and extraordinary. It is too white, unreal and convenient, so it is eternal. "This comment is very appropriate.
About the author: Li Bai (70 1-762) was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty. He wrote many poems praising the motherland, exposing the darkness of society and despising the powerful. His poems have a far-reaching influence on later generations.
Offer flowers to the youth
Du Fu
Jincheng silk tube day after day,
Half into the river, half into the clouds.
This song should only be in the sky,
How many times can the world smell?
[Remarks]:
1. Huaqing: It was the military commander Hua in the Tang Dynasty who put down Duan's rebellion. Du Fu's "Play as a Flower Song", "There must be flowers in Chengdu, and all children who learn English know their names", is flowers. Qing: Your respectful name.
2. Jincheng: Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Sixian: stringed instruments, wind instruments, the music of this generation. One after another: many and chaotic. It should mean "prosperity" here.
3. Half into the river wind and half into the clouds: Music floats with the river wind, floats on the river and floats into the clouds. "Half in" is not half in.
4. There are some things in the sky: compare with Yue Xian.
5. How many times: I have heard of it several times. It means that people seldom hear it.
[explanation]
The first two sentences of this poem say that the music in Chengdu is booming, playing day after day, and music is floating everywhere. After the second sentence, he said that this kind of music is only available in heaven, and it smells bad on earth, thus praising the superb beauty of Chengdu music. For famous songs, later generations often quote these two sentences to praise. In the novel Return of Colorful Clouds, after singing the songs chosen by her husband, Tao said, "Tonight is a perfect match, so it is called Song Ji! Ahem! No wonder the ancients said:' this song should only be in the sky, and the world can listen to it several times'! " Sea miscellaneous poems
gong zizhen
Kyushu is furious.
It's a pity that a thousand horses can't walk.
I suggest that god stand up again,
Don't stick to a model and leave behind talents.
[Notes]
1. This is the 220th poem in Qian Hai Zashi. Kyushu: China.
2. Angry: a lively situation.
3. rely on (sh): rely on.
4. hey (y and n): dumb. Wanma Qi Qi: Metaphorically speaking, the social and political situation is lifeless. After all, after all
5. Providence: The Creator. Heavy: Come again. Cheer up: Cheer up.
6. Health: Birth.
[explanation]
The sentence "It's a pity that thousands of troops are struggling" profoundly shows Gong Zizhen's dissatisfaction with the lifeless social situation in the late Qing Dynasty, so he enthusiastically calls for social change, thinking that the bigger the change, the better, and it will be as big as the earth-shattering spring thunder. He also believes that the most important factor in implementing social change is talent, so he enthusiastically appeals: Heaven forbid! Please cheer up and give us all kinds of talents.
Yugezi
Zhang
Egrets fly in front of mount cisse,
Peach blossom and flowing water mandarin fish fertilizer.
Keywords green bamboo hat, green hemp fiber,
There is no need to return to the oblique wind and drizzle.
[Notes]
1. mount cisse: it's in the west of Huzhou city, Zhejiang province.
2. Egret: A water bird.
3. Peach Blossom Flowing Water: The season when peach blossoms bloom is when spring water rises, commonly known as peach blossom flooding or peach blossom water.
4. Dai: A hat made of bamboo leaves.
5. Hemp fiber: raincoat made of grass or brown.
[Brief analysis]
This word describes the fishing scenery of Jiangnan water town during the spring flood. This is a landscape painting written in poetry, with clear mountains and rivers and the image of a fisherman.
The first sentence "Egret flies in front of Mount Cisse" and "Egret flies in front of Mount Cisse" point out the position, and "Egret" is a symbol of leisure. It is written that egrets fly freely, setting off the leisure of fishermen. The second sentence, "Peach blossoms and flowing water are fat for mandarin fish", means that at this time, peach blossoms are in full bloom, the river is skyrocketing, and mandarin fish are gaining weight. The pink here contrasts with the water, showing the lakes and mountains in front of the Cisse Mountain in late spring and exaggerating the living environment of fishermen. Three or four sentences "green bamboo hat, green hemp fiber, oblique wind and drizzle don't have to go back" describe the fisherman's fishing mode. The fisherman wore a green bamboo hat and green hemp fiber, and forgot to return in the oblique wind and drizzle. "Oblique wind" refers to a breeze. The whole poem is bright in color and vividly shows the fisherman's carefree life interest.
Poet Zhang was born in Jinhua, Tang Dynasty. He worked as a small official in the imperial court, and later lived in seclusion in the Jianghu, calling himself a heavy smoker. This word expresses the pleasure of seclusion by expressing the life of a fisherman.
Fisherman's song, also known as fisherman or fisherman's music, is probably a folk fishing song. The author wrote five "Fishing Songs", which is the first one. According to the Chronicle of Linz, Zhang met with the historian Yan Zhenqing in Huzhou, and asked Yan Zhenqing to help him replace the boat because it was worn out, and made a "Fishing Song".