? I have been to some ancient cities in Europe and called them "ancient cities", which is quite worthy of the name. This is the case in Evora, the old capital of Portugal.
? 1,
? Evora is located in the south of Portugal. According to historical records, in 57 BC, Evora was taken away by the ancient Romans from Lusitania, the ancestor of Portugal, and incorporated into the territory of the Roman Empire. During the reign of the Roman Empire, Evora developed rapidly and prospered to become a "province" with the right to coin.
? Evora shows almost all the history and culture of Portugal, and it is also the epitome of the history of Iberian Peninsula.
? In 584, the Western Roman Empire was destroyed by the Visigoths, and Evras civilization was destroyed by the savage Visigoths and began to decline. In July15, the moors with developed culture (Arabs in North Africa) conquered Evora, which brought prosperity for more than 400 years. 1 165, the Christian knights drove away the Moors, and Evora came under the rule of Alfonso I, the first king of Portugal. From then until17th century, Evora was the most dynamic city in the Portuguese kingdom, which was once the political center and the center of humanities and arts. Many important decisions of the king (including Pada Gama's voyage to the Western Ocean) were made in Evora.
? Evra is short of water and very dry. Although the land is vast, the output is limited. /kloc-declined after 0/8th century, and people even forgot this once glorious place. Forgotten, perhaps the reason why the ruins of Evora have been preserved to this day.
? Evora has experienced several ups and downs, and the number has changed to its owner, so it brings together the buildings of various periods.
? It is hard to imagine that today's Evora, a small town with only more than 20,000 residents, has preserved more than 4,000 ancient buildings in different periods since ancient Rome. This makes Evora a "city of museums" and has been identified as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO.
? The Di Anna Temple in the 3rd century AD, the Bishop's Cathedral in the 2nd century AD/KLOC-0, and the evola University established in the 9th century AD 1559 ... Many ancient buildings have gone through many vicissitudes, but they exist like myths, shocking the hearts of tourists, and the modern sculpture Kiss of Lovers in Guirado Square brings us back to reality. Love is the eternal power of human development.
? 2,
? The first monument we saw was the city wall.
? It is said that this city wall was laid in ancient Rome, which I think is a bit exaggerated. Evila did retain the remains of the ancient Roman wall, but the present wall has little to do with ancient Rome. It was the foundation of the14th century and was restored after the 1755 earthquake. The height and generosity of the city wall is far less than that of China. The wall is at most one person wide behind the pile head, but it is made of stone and feels very strong.
? It has been a long time since I thought of the Roman Empire, but in Evora, we can still see the remains of temples and hot springs at that time.
? The Temple of Di Anna, a product of the Roman Empire in the 3rd century (built in 1 century), is dedicated to Di Anna, the goddess of the moon and hunting in Roman mythology. The temple is magnificent, with 14 granite pillars, each 7.68 meters high. But no matter how strong the temple is, it can't stop the destruction of time. Now, there are many 14 pillars in the temple, but where is the glorious hall? The skeleton is still there, but the flesh and blood are gone. It's so sad. The tour guide said it was another sight to see these stone pillars in the sunset. However, the sunset in Portugal will wait until 9 pm. We can't wait that long, so we have to say goodbye with regret and keep our imagination in our minds.
? Flowers bloom and fall, geese go and geese return. How many stories have temples experienced in the past two thousand years? Looking at the spots on the stone pillars and letting your thoughts travel through time and space, you will feel very small.
? 1 165, Christians drove away the Moors, and then the mosque was almost demolished. However, when you enter Ewula, you can still appreciate the charm of Arab architectural style, winding alleys, courtyards paved with colored tiles and continuous arcades.
? 3,
? Going to Europe, the church is the focus, and so is Evra.
? In my opinion, the Anglican Cathedral in Evras is the most worth seeing in Evras, although the "Bone Church" is more famous.
? The Bishop's Cathedral of Evras, which was built in 1 184 to 1204 (with different opinions), was expanded several times in14th century,16th century and18th century, with many ancillary buildings added, and its scale became larger and larger. From different angles, you may even draw different conclusions about churches, palaces and castles, which is the charm of this church.
? The facade of the church is made of granite. Two towering spires were built in the16th century, and sculptures of six apostles who made great contributions to spreading Christianity were embedded on both sides of the main entrance.
? Due to lack of time, we failed to visit the church, including the cylindrical vault in the nave of the church, the golden scepter of Enrique I, the Gothic ivory sculpture of the Virgin Mary, the priest's dresses from 17 to 18 and many paintings. I can only stay in my imagination.
? Episcopal Cathedral is the most important church established by various Christian sects (Catholicism and Orthodox Church) in the diocese, with a bishop's seat, where the bishop presides over ceremonies, teaches believers and outlines educational affairs. Therefore, most of the Anglican churches are the largest churches in the parish, and many of them are very famous. For example, Notre Dame de Paris, known as the "Cathedral of Our Lady of Paris", is an Anglican Catholic parish in Paris.
? Catholicism has three parishes in Portugal, and Evora is one of them. The Episcopal Cathedral of Evora is the main church in the diocese, and its scale is huge, not only in Evora, but also in Portugal.
? Catholicism regards death as a sacred thing, and it is a great honor to give your body to God after death. As a result, there have been many "human bone churches" in Europe, and the most famous tourist destination in Evora is the "human bone church".
? The "human bone church" appeared in the sixteenth century, but its initial stage had nothing to do with glory, just to solve the problem of bone storage. At that time, European plagues and wars continued, and people died in large numbers, occupying more and more cemeteries. Due to the lack of graves, some priests began to move the bones into the church, so the so-called "human bone church" appeared. At first, the priests piled these bones into pyramids, and later used them as materials for church decoration.
? Many cities in Europe have built "Bones Church", such as the San Bernardino Church in Milan, the bartholomew Church in Chelmna, the Hallstatt Bones Church in Austria, the Abbey Bones Church in Pasale Village in Bucharest, Romania, and the underground Bones Church in St James's Church in Brno, Czech Republic.
(San Francisco Church)
? The "Bone Church" in Evora is actually a worship room in San Francisco. San Francisco Church, built in 15 10, is the prayer hall of the Portuguese royal family, and the Portuguese royal logo is carved above the main entrance.
? Later, the west hall of the church became a "human bone church". This site, less than 60 meters long and 12 meters wide, is said to have gathered 5000 human bones. From the wall to the column, it is composed of the remains of believers buried in the cemetery of San Francisco church and other monasteries in Evora. These bones or heads are arranged neatly and solemnly. There is a scary sentence engraved on the lintel at the door: "Goodbye, we will wait for you here."
? The "Human Bone Church" prayed for the victims and also prayed for the living to eliminate disasters such as war and plague. In fact, for the dead, being able to enter the church is eternal.
? 4,
? In the long history of 2000, although Evras changed its owners repeatedly, the pattern of the old city still exists.
? Walking in Evora is also interesting. The streets in the old city are narrow, tortuous and forked, and it is easy to get lost. There are many shops in the street, with exquisite handicrafts and local characteristics, especially colorful cork products (Portugal is rich in cork), so these shops are very popular.
? In the open space that can be seen everywhere, local people are building platforms and mobile homes, with complete tables, chairs and stereos, to prepare for summer open-air concerts, bars and small commodity retail markets. This kind of activity is held every summer in the local area. Singing, dancing and drinking are all very lively. There is no shortage of romance in the ancient city.
(The white mobile house quietly waits for the noise of the night)
? Looking back at Evora, I feel a little sad. Outdoor activities are in full swing, but the excitement at night can't keep up; 4000 ancient buildings, less than1%; I can't see the splendor of the sunset melting on the pillars of the temple and the unique lights of the ancient city. We have to savor the story of Evora for thousands of years in the temporary silence of dusk.