When Li Bai was five years old, Li Ke instructed him to read Sima Xiangru's ci poems, and often said to him, "My son, you should strive for our Li Men, and I hope you will become an accomplished person like Sima Xiangru in the future." Li Bai kept his father's ardent expectations in mind and determined to be a writer who surpassed Sima Xiangru.
when Li Bai was 1 years old, he began to learn ci-fu, and his writing was very serious, meticulous and meticulous. He thought of studying in Xiangershan, Meizhou when he was a teenager. Once he came back from playing truant, he passed a stream and saw an old woman grinding an iron pestle (a tool for grinding rice) by the stream. Li Bai asked her what she was doing grinding it, and she replied, "Grinding it into a needle." Li Bai thought that if I had this spirit, I would have no problem surpassing Sima Xiangru.
according to this wish, Li Bai studied hard and practiced the basics. One day, after several revisions, he wrote a poem and gave it to his father excitedly. He thinks that his writing is good and will be praised by his father. Unexpectedly, after reading it, my father was very dissatisfied and said to him, "Your prose is so poor that it is neither imposing nor literary." But don't lose heart, you should continue to work hard. "
Li Bai nodded: "Do as my father asks." Back in the study, he threw the manuscript into the stove and burned it. Then re-conceived, re-created, and drafted three times in a row. None of them were satisfied, so they had to be burned. Until the fourth time, they were written into two satisfactory articles, namely, Quasi-Bie Fu and Quasi-Hate Fu. Later, Zhubie Fu was lost, and Zhuai Hate Fu was still kept in Li Taibai Ji compiled by Song Minqiu.
2: Historical Story Li Bai
Li Bai (71-762 AD), whose word is Taibai, was a great poet in the Tang Dynasty and China history. There are different opinions about Li Bai's birthplace. It is said that he was born in Broken Leaf City in Central Asia (in present Soviet Union, under the jurisdiction of China in Tang Dynasty), and moved to Qinglian Township (in present Sichuan Province) in Changlong County, Mianzhou at the age of five with his family. It is also said that he was born in Sichuan. Li Bai loves his motherland and has deep feelings for great rivers and mountains. He hoped to contribute to the country, but was rejected by the rulers. However, he has made extraordinary achievements in poetry creation. His poems are rich in imagination, unrestrained in emotion, fresh in language, magnificent in style, and have strong appeal and are loved by people. He is also honored as "Poet Fairy".
As long as the kung fu is deep and the iron bar is ground into a needle
There is a widely spread legend about Li Bai's childhood. He used to study in Xianger Mountain in Changlong County. One day, when he had difficulty in studying, there was a burst of laughter outside the house. Li Bai went to the window and saw that it was his little friend playing games. He immediately dropped his book and ran out.
in spring, wild flowers are everywhere, and bees fly and butterflies dance. While picking wild flowers and flapping butterflies, Li Bai came to a stream and saw an old woman with white hair grinding an iron bar on a stone by the stream. He stepped forward and asked curiously, "What are you grinding this for?"
the old woman replied without looking up, "I'm making a needle."
"do needles? How can such a thick iron bar be ground into a needle? " Li Bai asked in surprise.
"Son, although this iron bar is thick, I will grind it today and tomorrow. If I keep grinding, I will be able to grind it into a needle one day." Grandma said, and then she grinded her head.
Li Bai touched his head and thought, grandma is right! As long as the kung fu is deep, the iron bar is ground into a needle. Isn't reading the same way? How can you learn rich knowledge without hard work? So he ran home at once and began to read.
Traveling far away from home
By the time he was twenty-five, Li Bai had become a versatile person. He is not only good at poetry and prose, but also fencing and horseback riding, and he also likes to play the piano and sing. Determined to do a vigorous career for his country, he said to his father, "My son is going to leave home and go outside to learn more."
"why don't you study at home and find something to do when you have a chance?" Father said.
Li Bai said with great pride: "A gentleman living in the world should aim at all directions and have a heart for the world. I'm afraid I can't use my talents at home. After going out, I can travel around and make friends with celebrities; Secondly, you can also look for opportunities to assist the emperor. "
When my father heard this, he smiled cheerfully and said, "Well, since you have such an ambition, go out and make a dash!"
a few days later, Li Bai said goodbye to his parents, wore a sword and set off. When going down the Yangtze River by boat and crossing the Three Gorges, the river was swift and the boat was sailing like an arrow. Li Bai stood at the bow of the boat and looked at the green hills on both sides, and he was very excited. Later, he wrote several poems describing the scenery of the Three Gorges. There is a song:
Say goodbye to the white emperor in the morning, and return it in a day in Jiangling.
The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has crossed Chung Shan Man.
During his roaming, Li Bai also climbed Lushan Mountain and watched the waterfall, and wrote two poems, Looking at Lushan Waterfall. One of the songs is:
The incense burner in Rizhao gives birth to purple smoke, looking at the waterfall hanging in front of Sichuan.
It's flying down three thousands of feet, and it's suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days.
in Li Bai's poems, how magnificent the mountains and rivers of the motherland are! His poems are natural and fluent, without affectation, and are worthy of being written by a great poet.
Immortal in Heaven
Li Bai has traveled to some places in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, met many famous people and wrote many touching poems. At the age of thirty, he went to Chang 'an, the capital.
Chang' an was the political and cultural center at that time, and it was very prosperous. Li Bai visited some big officials and celebrities in Chang 'an, hoping that through their recommendation, he would be reused by the court. But he got the cold shoulder and didn't get the appointment. Li Bai's talents can't be put to good use, and his heart is very depressed.
One day, Li Bai went to the Purple Pole Palace with a friend. Just entering the door, I met an old man with a white beard. My friend quickly introduced Li Bai that this is the famous poet and calligrapher He Zhizhang, the teacher of the prince today.
"Li Bai, an afterlife, has heard a lot about you and admired you very much!" Li Bai said excitedly.
He Zhizhang has also heard of Li Bai's poems. Now he is very happy to see this young man with extraordinary appearance. He takes Li Bai to a restaurant and plans to have a talk with him. But when he pays for wine, he finds that he doesn't have any money with him.
So, He Zhizhang untied the scarab from his belt and gave it to the waiter, saying, "Just exchange it for a bar."
"He Lao, this is an official-sized decoration given by the royal family. How can we change the wine?" Li Bai discouraged.
He Zhizhang laughed heartily and said, "What's the harm! I forgot my money today, and I have no wine to drink. How can I have a good talk? "
when Li Bai touched his body, he didn't have any money with him, so he had to listen. After three glasses of wine. He Zhizhang asked, "Taibaijun, I don't know any poems recently. Can I have a look?"
Li Bai took a roll of poems from his pocket and said, "This is a poem I wrote recently. Please give me more advice."
He Zhizhang opened the manuscript of the poem and intoned, saying, "Difficult Road to Shu". He kept nodding as he read. When he finished reading the article, he excitedly gave a thumbs-up and praised: "This poem is magnificent and really earth-shattering."
At this moment, the friend said to Li Bai, "Read your Wuqi Qu to He Lao, too."
"read it to me quickly." He Zhizhang busy urged.
Li Bai stood up and recited leisurely. When Li Bai finished reading the whole poem, He Zhizhang said tearfully, "This poem is so sad that ghosts and gods will cry when they hear it!"
He studied Li Bai carefully and suddenly said, "You must be an immortal who fell from heaven (meaning an immortal who was punished and descended to earth), otherwise how can you write such a touching poem?"
"fallen immortal" is He Zhizhang's highest evaluation of Li Bai. After reading Li Bai's poems, people feel that this praise is very accurate, and many people call Li Bai "Li Chenxian".
You can't have a scenic road
Li Bai left Chang 'an and continued to roam around without being reused by the imperial court. One day, he and some friends came to the Yellow Crane Tower on the outskirts of Wuchang. This building stands on Huanghuangji by the Yangtze River. It is a famous historic site with exquisite structure and magnificent momentum. Legend has it that an immortal once rode a yellow crane through here, so this building was called "Yellow Crane Tower".
Li Bai and the others climbed the Yellow Crane Tower and saw the Yangtze River rolling eastward. Under the clear sky, Hanyang City on the other side is vivid; Nautilus Island in the river is covered with green grass. Everyone looked at this beautiful scenery and felt relaxed and happy.
At that time, when scholars visited places of interest, they always liked to write poems on the walls. If this poem is well written, the place will be more famous. So, someone asked Li Bai to write a poem as a souvenir.
facing the infinite scenery, Li Bai was full of poetry. He picked up a brush and walked to the front of the wall without delay. Suddenly, a poem on the wall attracted him:
where long ago a yellow crane bore a sage to heaven, nothing is left now but the Yellow Crane Terrace.
the yellow crane never revisited earth, and white clouds are flying without him for ever. .....
The signature below the poem is Cui Hao. After reading this poem, Li Bai put down his pen.
"Hey, Li Chenxian usually writes poems with one stroke. What happened today?" Everyone asked strangely.
Li Bai pondered for a while, although he thought of many good poems, but he always felt that they were not as good as Cui Hao's poems, so he said to his friends, "There is a scene in front of him, and Cui Hao wrote poems on it."
As soon as this story spread, everyone praised it and said, "I didn't expect Li Chenxian to be so modest!"
Drafting Answering Fanshu
Li Bai's reputation is getting bigger and bigger, and finally even the Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty knows it. When he was forty-two years old, the court issued three imperial edicts calling him to come to Chang 'an. When Li Bai arrived in Chang 'an, accompanied by He Zhizhang, he went to appear before Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty asked Li Bai to sit beside him, asked him about his poetry writing, and asked him about the important affairs of the imperial court. Li Bai always answered questions like a stream. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty saw that Li Bai was knowledgeable, he repeatedly praised him. Suddenly, Gao Lishi, the eunuch who had been nearby, spoke:
"Your Majesty, Li Taibai is really outstanding in learning. The credentials sent by the envoy of Tubo (an ancient minority in China) the day before yesterday, it is better to ask him to identify it. "
hearing this, He Zhizhang secretly made a sweat for Li Bai, thinking that the words in the Tibetan credentials were like birds walking and insects crawling, and no one in the imperial court could recognize them. For this matter, Tang Xuanzong has been angry. Gao Lishi, isn't this clearly trying to spite Li Bai?
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty immediately asked Li Bai if he knew Tibetan. Li Bai replied unhurriedly:
"When I was in the Western Regions, my father was in business and had some contacts with businessmen in the Western Regions, so I knew a little."
Tang Xuanzong smiled at this and immediately asked Gao Lishi to bring the Tibetan credentials. Li Bai took it, read it quickly, and then translated it fluently in Chinese. It turned out that Tubo wanted the Tang Dynasty to cede a large area of land to it, or he would send troops to attack.
after hearing this, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty put a straight face. The minister of civil and military affairs talked about it in succession and lost his mind for a while. Tang Xuanzong asked Li Bai what to do. Li Bai said confidently:
"I am willing to draft the Book of Answering the Tubo, and I will call the Tubo emissary tomorrow, and I will answer it face to face, which will definitely calm this matter down."
"Then you should draft it at once!" Tang Xuanzong said.
Li Bai picked up a pen, thought for a moment and then wrote. In a short time, I sent Ansan Fanshu to Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. After reading it, Tang Xuanzong was very satisfied. Li Bai wrote another copy in Tibetan. Everyone admired Li Bai's erudition.
The next day, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty summoned the Tibetan emissary. Li Bai first read the Book of Ansan in Chinese and then in Tubo. The Tubo emissary quickly promised to bring the Answer to Tubo to the Tubo leader. Later, Tubo did not come to trouble.
contempt for dignitaries as their agents
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty asked Li Bai to be an academician. He was an official with little real power. Therefore, Li Bai's ideal of assisting the emperor to govern the country still cannot be realized.
At that time, the imperial power was in the hands of Prime Minister Li Linfu and eunuch Gao Lishi. Some people who want to be promoted and get rich are trying to curry favor with them in different ways. Li Bai really despised them.
On this day, Li Bai was upset and went to the restaurant to drink, and he was very drunk. Suddenly, Li Guinian, the director of the pear garden in the palace (the head of the singing and dancing team), came in and said,
"Li Xueshi, the emperor called you into the palace at once!"
It turns out that Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and Yang Guifei watched peony flowers in the agarwood pavilion in the palace, and asked Li Guinian to lead a group of children in the pear garden to sing for fun. They sang old words, and Tang Xuanzong was tired of listening to them. When he remembered that Li Bai could write poems, he sent someone to ask him to write new lyrics. Hearing this, Li Bai said casually:
"What are some lyrics? Come on, have a few drinks before you go! "
"no, no! The emperor and the imperial concubine have been waiting for a long time! " Li Guinian was flushed with anxiety.
"the emperor? I ... I'm Li Bai, a fairy in wine. I ... I haven't had enough wine! Ha ha ha ... "Li Bai said with a laugh.
Li Guinian couldn't help saying that Li Bai was drunk, and ordered the people who came with him to set up Li Bai and go out. When I came to the agarwood pavilion, Li baijiu was still awake. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty saw Li Bai like this, he didn't blame him. People gave Li Bai a hangover soup and helped him to lie on the bed.
It is said that by this time, Li Bai was already awake. When he saw that Gao Lishi was around, he thought of his usual domineering manner and intended to kill him down a peg or two.
"Take off your boots!" Li Bai pretended to be drunk, and suddenly put his foot towards Gao Lishi.
When Gao Lishi heard this, he almost got angry. He was about to get angry. When he saw the emperor winking at himself, he had to take off his boots for Li Bai.
After a while, Li Bai got up and bowed to Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to confess his sins. Tang Xuanzong was not angry, but asked Li Bai to write the new lyrics of three chapters of Qingpingdiao at once.
Li Bai thought for a while and wrote it quickly. Li Guinian set the music and began to sing. Tang Xuanzong personally played the flute to accompany him. Yang Guifei was intoxicated by the melodious music and was very happy. Since then, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty has paid more attention to Li Bai.
however, a group of powerful people hated Li Bai to death. They spread rumors and slandered Li Bai on purpose. Gao Lishi also persuaded Yang Guifei to speak ill of Li Bai in front of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. Tang Xuanzong listened to their words and gradually alienated Li Bai.
Seeing that the imperial court was so corrupt, Li Bai didn't want to stay here any longer, so he put on a letter and asked to resign from the position enshrined by the Hanlin. Tang Xuanzong immediately approved it. Li Bai, dressed in a brocade robe and riding a horse with five flowers, sang loudly for a while and laughed heartily for a while, and went out of the gate of Chang 'an.
Later, Li Bai wrote in many poems that he would rather live in poverty than curry favor with the powerful. Such as "oh, how can I gravely bow and scrape to men of high rank and men of high office, who never will suffer being shown an honest-hearted face!"
not serving the country
In 755 AD, an-Shi Rebellion happened in the Tang Dynasty. After the rebels occupied Luoyang, they moved west to Chang 'an. Tang Jun couldn't resist the rebels, so Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty had to flee the capital.
The rebels burned, killed and looted all the way, causing people to flee everywhere. Li Bai also took refuge in the south. On the way to escape, he saw desolate and miserable scenes everywhere, and his heart was very sad. He wrote such a poem with a pen:
Caressing the sword and whistling at night, his ambition is growing rapidly.
vowed to kill whales and clarify Luoyang water.
In the poem, Li Bai expresses his desire to rebel for Guo Ping. Soon, under the orders of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, Yongwang Li l*n led an army to the east to defend the Yangtze River. When I passed Xunyang (now in Jiangxi Province), I heard that the great poet Li Bai was in Lushan Mountain and specially sent someone to invite him out of the mountain three times. Li Bai came to Li l*n's army and did a job.