1, understand the writer's life.
Style of works
The background and purpose of this poem.
Step 2 taste poetry
Recite the whole poem.
3. Combine the background and thoughts of the poet.
Grasp the connotation of poetry.
4. Perceive the artistic conception of poetry
Feel the poet's free and easy mind and secluded feelings and interests.
Emphasis and difficulty in teaching
1, combined with the background and thoughts of the poet.
Grasp the connotation of poetry.
2. Perceive the artistic conception of poetry
Feel the poet's free and easy mind and secluded feelings and interests.
Class arrangement
1 class hour
teaching process
I. Writer's Works
1, author profile
Meng Haoran (689 ~ 740) was born in Xiangyang (now Hubei).
The main activities were in the Kaiyuan period. He lived in Jiannan Garden near Xianshan in the south of Xiangyang for most of his life, and left home before middle age. At the age of forty, I went to Chang 'an to study. After I finally came, I traveled in wuyue for many years and visited many places of interest. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737)
Zhang Jiuling was demoted to Jingzhou secretariat, and Meng Haoran should be put into the shogunate, and soon resigned and returned to his hometown until his death. Meng Haoran was the first poet who devoted himself to writing landscape poems in Tang Dynasty. There are more than 200 existing songs, most of which were written when he was roaming, and some of which were written when he visited his hometown Wanshan, Xianshan and Lumen Mountain. There are also several poems describing rural life. The geographical scope of this poem is quite extensive.
2. Background introduction
Meng Haoran's home is in the south suburb of Xiangyang, near Xianshan.
The west bank of Hanjiang River is called "Nanyuan" or "Jiannanyuan". In the title, Lumen Mountain is on the east bank of the Han River, and Mianshui South Bank faces Xianshan across the river.
Not far away. This is a boat trip. How long will it take? Pang Degong, a famous hermit at the end of Han Dynasty, lived in Lumen Mountain because he refused to cultivate land. Since then, Lumeng Mountain has become a secluded holy place. Meng Haoran has been living in seclusion in Xianshan South Park. At the age of forty, he went to Chang 'an for an official. After traveling in wuyue for several years, I returned to my hometown. He followed in the footsteps of Pang Degong, a country sage, and made a special residence in Lumen Mountain. Going to live occasionally is actually a career that flaunts the essence of seclusion, so the title' Returning to Deer Gate at Night' has documentary meaning, but the main idea is to show that this poem is a sentimental interest in singing seclusion.
Second, the overall perception of poetry content
1, students read aloud
Recite poems.
Step 2 look at your notes
Understand the literal meaning
3. Discussion: What is the main content of poetry?
Third, the appreciation of poetry content.
1, and analyze the sentence 1: What scene is written at the beginning of the poem?
Clear: The first two sentences are about the poet's trip to the river in the evening. In the first sentence, the day is over, dusk is coming, and bells are ringing in the quiet ancient temple. In the second sentence, people hurried home at Yu Liang Ferry near Mianshuikou. The first sentence expresses the quiet environment, but the second sentence expresses the noise.
It forms a sharp contrast, which is far from the realm of Zen and the noisy world.
2. Read and analyze the second sentence: This contrast implies that poets and the world have different choices.
What is the poet's ambition?
Qing: The previous sentence inherited the poetry of "fishing beam", which is to write that the villagers went ashore and went home respectively; The latter sentence inherits the poem "Mountain Temple" and writes that I have returned to lumens. These two sentences are based on the return of mankind as a concrete supplement to the last article. The two ways of going home show two different moods, which is another contrast, showing the poet's seclusion and indifference to glory.
3. Reading analysis The third sentence: Since the poet chose to return to lumen, what did he see on his way home?
Qing: The trees in Lumen Mountain are already shrouded in twilight. When the mountains and the moon come out, the light is clear and bright, but the dusk disappears and the shadow is clear. The poet was completely intoxicated by nature. He climbed the rugged mountain road and unconsciously came to Pang Gong's seclusion. This subtle feeling and intimate experience shows the secluded interest and artistic conception. The hermit was melted by nature, but he got carried away. Pang Gong, namely Pang Degong, was a hermit in the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Once"? "Biography of Yimin" contains: "Pang Gong was born in Xiangyang, South County. Liu Biao, governor of Jingzhou, asked for an extension, but he could not give up. Later, he took his wife to Lumeng Mountain and did not return because of collecting medicine. " Meng Haoran admired Pang Gong's ambition. He also wrote in Looking Back on Lumen Mountain, "I heard of Pang Degong once, but I never came back to collect herbs. Hidden traces still exist today, and the wind is far away.
four
Read and analyze the fourth sentence: What kind of life did the poet lead after Lumeng retired?
Clear: This "hermit" refers to both Pang Degong and his own situation, because the poet thoroughly understands the fun and essence of "seclusion" and is committed to the road and destination of Pang Degong's "collecting medicine and not returning". Within the rock, Chai Fei was half hidden, and under the loose path, he carved his own path. There is no earthly interference here, only birds and mountains are companions, and hermits live a quiet and lonely life here.
Fourth, class summary.
The theme of this poem is "Returning to Deer Gate at Night"
It reads like a picture of landscape sketch, but its theme is to express lofty and secluded feelings, interests and the destination of the road. This poem is written from sunset to dusk and to the moon hanging in the night sky.
From Hanjiang River Boat to Lumen Mountain
In essence, it is a secluded road from dusty and secular to lonely and natural. The poet spoke in a heart-to-heart tone.
natural structure
Clean pen and ink
Sparse point coloring
Truly show your inner experience and feelings.
It vividly shows the image of a hermit who is detached from nature.
Form a unique artistic conception and style.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) assigns homework.
Exercise 3 after class
Compare this poem with Wang Wei's A Journey to the Mountain.
On the similarities and differences of artistic conception between two poems.
Author's brief introduction (see textbook p28)
Meng Haoran (689-740), a poet in the Tang Dynasty, whose real name was Hao, was Haoran. Xiangyang Xiangzhou (now Xiangfan, Hubei) Xiangyang is known as Meng Xiangyang in the world. Because I have never been an official, I am also called Monsanto. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. Meng Haoran's life experience is relatively simple, and the theme of poetry creation is also very narrow. Meng's poems are mostly five-character short stories, mainly describing pastoral poems, seclusion feelings and exile mentality. Although there is some cynicism, it is more of a poet's self-expression. He and Wang Wei are also known as the representatives of pastoral poetry in Tang Dynasty. Although they are far less extensive than Wang Wei's poems, they have unique artistic attainments. In the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Wang Shiyuan of Yicheng received Meng Haoran's poems and got 2 18 poems. He lost his book. Meng Haoran has 263 poems, 45 more than Wang Ben, including other people's works. For the deeds, see Biography of Old and New Books of Tang Dynasty.
Second, explain the meaning of the problem.
Pang Degong, a famous hermit at the end of Han Dynasty, refused to conquer and lived in Lumen Mountain with his family. Since then, Lumeng Mountain has become a secluded holy place.
Meng Haoran is a recluse poet. Before the age of 40, he lived in seclusion in the South Garden of Xianshan on the west bank of Hanshui River. At the age of 40, he went to Chang 'an for an official. After traveling in wuyue for several years, he returned to China, determined to follow in the footsteps of the sage Pang Degong, set up a house on the east bank of Hanshui River in Lumen Mountain, facing Xianshan across the river, and sometimes went to live. This poem is about his "Returning to Deer Gate at Night". Therefore, the topic of "Returning to Deer Gate at Night" has documentary significance, but the main idea is to show that this poem is a sentimental interest of singing and retiring.
Third, reading appreciation.
Reading Tip: This is a seven-character ancient poem with smooth intonation and simple language. When reading, pay attention to the rhythm of free flow.
Fourth, overall perception.
The bell of the Mountain Temple rang, and it was already dark. People at Yu Liang Ferry were scrambling to cross the river. The poet swam in the river in the evening, heard the bells of the mountain temple and saw the people struggling to cross the river. In the contrast between the quietness of the mountain temple and the hustle and bustle of the ferry, people are reminded of that free and easy state of mind.
Pedestrians walked along the sandy shore to Jiangcun, and I returned to Lumen by boat. ) Write that the world belongs to the village, but the poet leaves home for lumen. In the comparison of the two ways of returning home, the poet's interest in seclusion and complacency is fully revealed.
The moon in Lumeng Mountain clearly shows the dim shadows of trees. Unconsciously, I suddenly came to Pang Gong's seclusion. ) On the mountain road of Lumen Mountain, the moonlight shines in the forest, which is hazy and wonderful. The poet is intoxicated with this scene and can't help being integrated with nature. Unconsciously arrived at the destination, so this is Pang Degong's seclusion. These two sentences have a secluded taste and artistic conception.
The mountain gate of the cave and the path between the pine forests are quiet, and I am the only hermit who comes and goes alone. Write about seclusion: solitude, isolation, and companionship with mountains. It shows the fun and true meaning of seclusion.
The road of "returning at night" written in this poem is actually the road from secularity to seclusion. With light and clean pen and ink, the author expressed his secluded feelings and interests, vividly portrayed the image of a hermit and constituted a unique artistic conception.
Discussion and research on verb (abbreviation of verb)
Answer the following questions and realize the artistic beauty of this poem.
(1) According to the order of time and space, this poem writes two scenes, namely, the riverside scene and the mountain scene, compares the different emphases when the poet describes these two scenes, and talks about how they form a harmonious and unified poetic scene.
(2) What kind of mood does the phrase "where hermits live and move, they never need companions" reflect? Wen Yiduo's article Meng Haoran said that "poetry is like a person". Talk about your understanding of the evaluation of "poetry is like a person".
Clear:
(1) Riverside scenery, focusing on the secular, people clamored to cross home, but the poet maintained a detached and chic mentality; The scenery in the mountains embodies the poet's seclusion, isolation and loneliness. From the first act to the second act, the poet returned to seclusion from earthly life, highlighting the poet's recluse image and showing the poet's carefree and free recluse interest. Therefore, the poetic scene formed by these two scenes is harmonious and unified.
(2) This sentence means that the poet lives in seclusion here, isolated from the world, surrounded only by mountains, and comes and goes alone. "You Ren" in the sentence refers to both Pang Degong and the poet himself. Pang Degong once lived in seclusion here, and the poet followed in his footsteps and lived here alone. In this world, people seem to be integrated with nature, and their hearts are so quiet, detached and carefree.
Wen Yiduo's article Meng Haoran said that "poetry is like a person", and Meng Haoran's poems are like this person, which means that Meng Haoran can be seen from his poems. In the poem "Song of Night Lumens", the scenery of the last four sentences is quiet, and the author's mood and feelings are also quiet, so the subject and object are integrated into one, forming a quiet artistic conception. This serenity is the artistic realm of this poem and also the ideological realm of Meng Haoran. The artistic realm and the ideological realm are very consistent, so it is said that "poetry is like a person."
Sixth, comparative reading.
Read this poem in contrast to Wang Wei's Return to the Mountain and Left, and talk about the similarities and differences between the two poems.
Clarity: The work of returning to the mountain tells the scenery and mood that Wang Wei saw on his way to resignation and seclusion. There is love in the scene, and the scene blends. As the author wrote down the scenery on his way back to the mountain step by step, the poet's feelings changed step by step: he set out peacefully and calmly, once sad and painful on the way, and finally quiet and indifferent. It can be seen that the poet actively yearns for seclusion and feels at ease.
The similarities in poetic realm between "The Night Song of the Deer Gate" and "Binding the Family to Songshan Mountain" are that man and nature are highly compatible in spirit, scenery and feelings are poetically combined, and the whole poem is a harmonious whole, quiet and beautiful.
The difference lies in: Meng's poems are mostly sketches, with light pen and ink, which are more simple than Wang's poems; Wang's poems are colorful and dazzling. Li Dongyang, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, said: "It is not extravagant, while Meng is obsessed with ancient times and has a long history, and there is no cold disease, frugal disease or hemorrhoid disease." This comparison also applies to these two poems.
Seven, recite the whole poem
Eight. Related links
1, Li Bai's message to Meng Haoran
Message to Meng Haoran
Lipper
Master, I cheer you from the bottom of my heart. Your fame has risen to the sky.
In the rosy youth, you gave up the importance of hats and chariots and chose pine trees and clouds; Now whitehead.
Drunk moon, sage of dreams, bewitched by flowers, you turned a deaf ear to the emperor.
Gaoshan, how I long to reach you, that's all.
The friendship between Li Bai and Meng Haoran is a much-told story in the poetry circle. When they get to know each other, of course, there is no lack of fun to drink and sing together, but the most important thing is to pursue emotional harmony and seek elegant companions and bosom friends. Historically, Meng Haoran once hid in Lumen Mountain. He traveled to Beijing for more than 40 years and finally returned to his hometown as "no one on the road". Li Bai had a similar experience. He seldom hides in Minshan and Culai Mountain. Later, he was called by Xuanzong to Beijing Normal University to worship Hanlin. Finally, because the villain was ruined, he was given money back. Indeed, two famous poets became bosom friends because they were proud of the prince, lofty and lofty, and had a heart beyond things. This poem bears witness to their friendship.
words explanation
Host: Used as a courtesy title for a man. 2 romantic: elegant and free and easy behavior.
3 beauty: refers to when you are young. 4 Xuan mian: refers to official position, Xuan: car; Crown: Top hat worn by senior officials.
⑤ Sleeping pine clouds: refers to secluded mountain forests. ⑥ Middle voice: It means drunk.
⑦ Drunk on the Moon: Drunk on the Moon. 8 Clear powder: Pay tribute to the peak and clear clouds.
Ann: Yes. Note: only here, only here.
Interpretation of poetry
I love Meng Haoran, whose natural and unrestrained manner and superhuman talent are world-famous. When I was young, I abandoned Gongming Juelu and lived in seclusion among pines, cypresses and white clouds in my later years. Drinking in the moonlight is often drunk, obsessed with the scenery and unwilling to serve the monarch. How can you look up to your character like a mountain? I can only bow to you here and admire your Shande.
Appreciation of poetry and prose
The poet praised Meng Haoran's indifferent and lofty character, which showed the deep feelings between the poet and Meng Haoran, and also expressed the poet's admiration for Meng Haoran and his envy for his life.
The whole poem is natural and bold, neat and smooth, and has far-reaching artistic conception.
Supplement:
Wang Wei privately invited him into the office (Wang Wei's office), and soon Tang Xuanzong came, and Meng Haoran hid under the bed. Wang Wei told Emperor Xuanzong the truth, and the emperor said happily, "I have heard of this man, but I have never seen him. What are you afraid of hiding? " Order Meng Haoran to come out. Tang Xuanzong asked about his poems, and Meng Haoran saluted and recited his own poems. When he heard the sentence "I was exiled by a wise ruler because of my mistakes", the emperor said, "You don't want to be an official, I didn't abandon you. Why did you set me up? " So let Meng Haoran go back.
2. How to understand Su Shi's evaluation of Meng Shi's poem "high rhyme and short talent, such as making a drinker learn from the law without material" (quoted from Houshan Poetry)?
Song people's rhyme, with the meaning of "good taste" and "aftertaste", is a very advanced aesthetic realm. Su Shi said that Meng Haoran had a high poetic rhyme, and described Meng as a "brewer who practiced internal law" and spoke highly of him. "Neifa wine" is the royal wine of the imperial court, and those who can make Neifa wine are naturally masters. Su Shi compared Mencius with this, praised him as a poet saint, and called his poems "high rhyme". This is consistent with the previous evaluation of Meng Shi.
Refer to previous comments and Meng Haoran's poems to understand "high rhyme" Or there is elegance, exquisiteness, style, implication, alcohol and elegance.
As for "short talent", it is obviously Mencius' shortcoming. For example, the winemaker in Ouchi is short of materials, which is a bit vague. According to the theory of "high rhyme", "short talent" refers to the lack of talent, but the lack of "material". But what does "material" mean? Some explanations made by descendants after Su Shi may help to understand this problem. For example, Zhang Jie's "On the Poems in the Old Cold Hall":
Zi Zhan Yun's poems are like the wine of Neikufa, but in terms of respect, they are short of wine. This theory is exhausted.
Yan Yu's Cang Lang Shi Hua? Poetry:
Generally speaking, Zen is only in wonderful enlightenment, and poetry is also in wonderful enlightenment. Moreover, Meng Xiangyang's academic ability is far less than that of Han tui, but his poems are above and beyond the retreat, which is simply wonderful. Only understanding is the right thing to do, but it is the true color.
From this perspective, "just short" and "unexpected" have two meanings. First, the content and subject matter are relatively thin and not rich enough; Second, knowledge is not deep enough. Song people "take intellect as poetry" [35], while Meng Haoran is a poet with aura and understanding.