1. The first mode: content-emotional type
Questioning method:
(1) What kind of picture does this poem depict?
(2) What thoughts and feelings does the poet express?
(3) Choose one of the following explanations and analyzes of this poem that is incorrect.
Example 1 Viewing the Sea
To the east is Jieshi to view the sea. Where is the water? The mountains and islands are standing tall. There are many trees and lush grass. The autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rising. The journey of the sun and the moon is like going out of it. The stars are as brilliant as if they came out of it. Fortunately, even singing praises one's aspirations.
(Q) What picture does this poem paint? What thoughts and feelings does the poet express?
Step 1 (Scenery) This poem outlines the scene of the sea swallowing up the sun and the moon, which contains countless scenes.
Step two (emotion) shows the poet's broad mind and political ambition to unify China and make contributions.
Answer steps:
(1) Describe the picture shown in the poem. Candidates should grasp the main scenery in the poem and reproduce the picture in their own words. When describing, you must first be faithful to the original poem, and second, use your own associations and imagination to recreate it. The language must be beautiful.
(2) Analyze the author’s thoughts and feelings. Don't be vague, be specific in your answers. For example, just answering "expressing the author's sentimental feelings" is not enough. Answer why it is "sentimental".
The thoughts and feelings expressed in the poems mainly include: not being afraid of difficulties, worrying about the country and the people, making achievements, missing hometown, missing relatives, lamenting the world, ambitions are difficult to achieve, aloof and refined, desolate and sad, loving mountains and rivers, open-minded Heroic, sad and lonely, longing for beauty, tranquility and self-pleasure, parting mood, anxiety and conflict, being demoted and cynical, not recognizing talents, melancholy and desolate, complacent, etc.
Example 2 Choose one of the following explanations and analyzes of this poem that is incorrect (B)
Tianjingsha·Qiu Si Ma Zhiyuan
Ku Teng Lao There are dusky crows in the trees, people's homes on the small bridges and flowing water, and the westerly wind and thin horses on the ancient roads. The sun sets in the west, and the heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
A. The sentence "withered vines, old trees and dim crows" describes a picture of returning home in autumn. "Withered", "old" and "dark" create a dark and desolate atmosphere, setting off the inner sadness of the wanderer.
B. The sentence "Little Bridges and Flowing Waters, Houses" depicts a fresh and beautiful picture of households in the autumn suburbs, enthusiastically praises the beauty of his hometown, and expresses the author's joy in returning to his hometown.
C. In the sentence "West wind and thin horse", "west wind" means autumn wind. A "thin horse" not only describes the hard work of the journey, but also the hardship of life.
D. The last sentence is a direct expression of emotion based on the previous description of the scene, expressing the deep homesickness of the wanderer who has been wandering for many years.
2. The second mode is analytical skills type
Questioning method:
(1) What does this poem mean and what are its benefits in expression?
(2) A certain writing method is used in many places in the poem. Please find an example and briefly talk about the advantages of writing this way.
Example 3 Rewarding Lotte at the first banquet in Yangzhou
Bashan Chushui is a desolate place, abandoned for twenty-three years. Nostalgic, I recite the flute poems in the air, and when I go to the countryside to read them, I feel like a dead person.
Thousands of sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of trees spring in front of the diseased trees. Today I will listen to a song of Junge, and for now I will have a glass of wine to keep my spirits up.
(Question) "Thousands of sails pass by the side of the sunken boat, and thousands of spring trees grow in front of the diseased trees." What rhetorical device is used? What philosophy is expressed?
(Answer) "Sinking boat" and "sick tree" are metaphors for the poet himself who has been demoted for a long time, while "thousands of sails" and "ten thousand trees" are metaphors for the upstarts who have achieved successful career after being demoted. Later appreciators and citations did not compare themselves with "sinking boats" and "sick trees", but only adopted the philosophy expressed in this couplet to show that: let the declining things be allowed to decline, and new things must develop. Get up, society is moving forward, and the future is bright.
Appreciation skills:
1. Master rhetorical methods (metaphor, personification, hyperbole, parallelism, parallelism, questioning, rhetorical questions, etc.)
2. Master expression Methods (narrative, description, lyricism, discussion, focusing on description and lyricism)
3. Master other expression techniques (contrast, foil, rendering, allusion, circumference, association, imagination, blending of scenes, and combination of movement and stillness , virtual reality, etc.)
Answering steps:
Step one: (What method is used) Step two: (What content is written) Step three: (What is the function) Step four: ( What kind of emotions are expressed?)
Example 4 Jiangchengzi went hunting Su Shi in Mizhou
I chatted like a teenager, holding the yellow on the left, holding the blue on the right, wearing a brocade hat and mink fur, and riding thousands of horses on the same hillock. . In order to repay the beautiful city, I followed the prefect, shot the tiger myself, and watched Sun Lang! It doesn't matter if you're drunk, your chest is still open, and your temples are slightly frosted! In the cloud of holding the knot, when will Feng Tang be sent? He can hold the eagle bow like the full moon, look northwest, and shoot at the wolf!
(Q) "When will Feng Tang be sent to Zhijie Yunzhong?" What expression techniques were used? What does it do?
(Answer) Use allusions. Comparing himself to Wei Shang means when will the court be able to reuse him like he sent Feng Tang to pardon Wei Shang. It was a more euphemistic and implicit expression that he hoped that the court could send someone to pardon his crime and give him the opportunity to go to the northwest border to resist foreign invasion.