1. There is no vulgar rhyme, and the nature loves Qiushan. From the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Tao Yuanming's translation of "Returning to the Garden, Part I": When I was young, I didn't follow the customs, and my nature was to love nature.
2. after a long time in the cage, you can get back to nature. From the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Tao Yuanming's translation of "Returning to the Garden, Part I": I have been trapped in a cage for a long time, and now I can finally return to nature.
3. From Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Garden", I got up in the morning to clear weeds in the field, and went home with a hoe in the moonlight in the evening.
4. The weather is getting better every day, and the birds are returning. From Tao Yuanming's Drinking, the breath in the mountains and the scenery in the evening are very good, and there are birds returning with their companions.
5. under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. From Tao Yuanming's Drinking, picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely, the distant Nanshan comes into view.
6. Ask Jun He Nenger? The heart is far from self-centered. From Tao Yuanming's Drinking, ask me why I can do this. As long as I aim high, I will naturally feel that my place is secluded.
Tao Yuanming (352 or 365-427), with bright characters, is also known as "Jingjie", known as Mr. Jingjie in the world and a native of Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province). A great poet and lyricist from the end of Eastern Jin Dynasty to the beginning of Southern Song Dynasty. He served as Jiangzhou wine-offering, Jianwei army, Zhenjun army, and pengze county magistrate, and his last official position was Pengze county magistrate. He left his post for more than 8 days, and since then he has retired to the countryside. He is the first pastoral poet in China, known as the "Sect of Hermit Poets in Ancient and Modern Times", and has The Collection of Tao Yuanming.
real name: Tao Yuanming
alias: Tao Qian
Tao Yuanming's great-grandfather or Tao Kan (still controversial, but the genetic relationship between them is certain). Grandfather Meng Jia, a celebrity in Jin Dynasty, married the tenth daughter of Tao Kan. Grandfather was a satrap (grandfather has two names, or Dai or Mao), and his father was a man who "traveled in the wind and cloud, enjoying himself", and his specific deeds were beyond examination. There is an ordinary sister, Obuchi Ming is three years old, and later married to Cheng's family, so Tao Shiwen referred to her as Cheng's sister. As far as his father still has a concubine, Yuan Ming's initial family background is not too bad. At the age of eight, Yuan Ming's father died and his family gradually declined. My mother died at the age of twelve, and Yuan Ming later wrote in an article recalling this past: "Kindness was early, fashion was childish. I'm 26 years old, and I'm only nine years old "("Sister Wen of Sacrifice to Cheng "). When I was twenty years old, my family was particularly poor, and there is a poem to prove it: "When I am weak, I am poor at home" ("Work at a Meeting").
Tao Yuanming "studied Confucian classics since childhood, and loved leisure, good deeds, solitary thoughts, loving hills and mountains, with strong aspirations and different customs". The preface of Rongmu says: "The general angle hears the Tao", and the sixteenth part of Drinking: "A young man is poor in personnel and swims well in the Six Classics". He was educated by Confucianism in his early years and had the ambition to "roam around the world and visit Philip Burkart" (Miscellaneous Poems). In that era when Laozi and Zhuangzi were in vogue, he was also influenced by Taoist thoughts. He liked nature very early: "Little is not suitable for vulgar rhyme, and nature loves Qiushan" (the first part of "Returning to the Garden"), and he also loved piano books: "Learn piano books less, I love leisure, and when I open my books, I will gladly forget to eat. When the trees are shaded, the birds change their voices, and they are happy again. As the saying goes, in the middle of May and June, I lay down under the north window, and when the cool wind came, I called myself a master of the Western Emperor. A shallow understanding of the meaning means that the words can be guaranteed "("Zi Yan and other sparse "). On his body, he has both Taoist and Confucian cultivation.
At the age of twenty, Yuan Ming began his career as an official to make a living. The tenth part of "Drinking": "I traveled far in the past until the corner of the East China Sea. The road is long and long, and the storm is blocking the way. Who made this trip? As if driven by hunger. When you are full, you will have a little. Afraid that this is not a famous plan, I will return to a secluded place "is to recall his career as an official." At this stage, the details of the junior officials he was forced to serve by life are not available. After a short life at home, at the age of twenty-nine, he became a state wine-offering (the specific affairs of this office have yet to be tested), and soon he was unbearable as an official, resigned and returned home. Soon, the state called him to be the master book, but he resigned and still lived at home. In the second year of Long 'an (AD 398), Yuanming joined Huan Xuan. At the beginning of the fourth year of Longan (AD 4), he was sent to the capital and returned home from the capital in May. Yu Guilin was blocked by strong winds, and there was a poem "Gengzi was still blocked from the capital in May", which expressed his desire to return home and his nostalgia for his former residence in the garden. A year later, I went back to Xunyang to mourn for my mother. After the expiration of three years, Yuan Ming became an official again with the concept of "4 ignorant, not afraid" and became the general of the town army, Liu Yu, to join the army. At this time, his mood is ambivalent. He wants to make a grand plan for the official, but he still misses the countryside after he becomes an official. "He is tired of seeing different places in Sichuan, and his heart is full of mountains and rivers" (Qu A Zuo, the First Town Army Joining the Army). In March of the first year of Yixi (AD 45), Yuanming joined the army for Liu Jingxuan, the general of Jianwei, and made his capital through Qianxi. There is a poem called "When I was four years old, I made my capital through Qianxi", which says, "Seeing mountains and rivers in the morning and evening, everything is as before", "I care about what I have, but I don't care about what I have", "I dream of gardening every day, and I have been separated for a long time", which is turbulent for officials and officials.
Living in seclusion
In August of the first year of Yixi (A.D. 45), Yuan Ming's last official position was Peng Zeling. In November, Cheng Shimei died in Wuchang. Yuan Ming wrote "Going Back to Xi Ci", released the seal and resigned, and officially began his life of seclusion until the end of his life. At this time, the profound understanding, the political attitude entered a clear period, and the thought also entered a mature period. Different from his previous life of ploughing, he is conscious now: he does it and understands why he does it. His rural life in the past seems to be a small and medium-sized landlord, but now he has more labor, which is closer to the life of ordinary farmers. During this period, he created many poems reflecting rural life, such as five "Returning to the Garden" and twelve "Miscellaneous Poems". In the fourth year of Yixi (AD 48), in mid-June, Yuanming's home caught fire, and his house was completely destroyed, so he was forced to move. In the 11th year of Yixi (AD 415), the imperial court summoned him as a work assistant, but Yuan Ming said he was ill and didn't apply. In the 14th year of Yixi (AD 418), Wang Hong was the secretariat of Jiangzhou, and made friends with Yuan Ming about this year or a year or two later. There were anecdotes between them, and they sent wine in white. In the first year of Yuanjia (AD 424), Yan Yanzhi made friends with Yuanming for the first time, and there was an anecdote that Yan Gong paid for drinks. In the fourth year of Yuanjia (AD 427), Tan Daoji heard the name of Yuanming, went to see him and gave him Liang meat, and advised him to be an official Yuanming, but he refused, and the Liang meat he gave was not accepted. In the same year, Yuan Ming died in Xunyang. After his death, his friends privately called it "Jing Festival" and later called it "Tao Jing Festival".