The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons·The Bone of Character
Author: Anonymous
Of the six meanings of "Poetry", wind is the first, and this is the origin of metaphysics and ambition. It's a talisman. Therefore, when you describe your feelings in a mood, you must start with the wind; when you meditate on your words, they must not start with your bones. Therefore, the words treat the bones like the tree skeleton of the body; the emotion contains the wind, just like the shape contains the air. If the conclusion is straightforward, the writing will be solid; if the spirit is strong and clear, the writing style will be clear. If the abundant algae overcomes the support and the strength does not fly, then the vitality will be lost and the negative voice will be weak. Therefore, the chapters are divided into chapters, aiming to be full and keep the energy, strong and solid, and the brilliance is new. It is used for literary purposes, such as the wings of a bird.
Therefore, those who are skilled in bones will be able to analyze words accurately; those who are as deep as the wind will be able to express emotions clearly. The word "thump" is strong and difficult to move, and the sound is condensed but not stagnant. This is the power of the character. If the meaning is poor and the words are complex and unorganized, it will be a sign of no bones. If you don't think about everything and are tired of teaching, there will be no experience of wind. In the past, when Pan Xuxi and Wei were imitating the classics, he was a group of talented people who mastered their pens, which is why his bones were strong; when he was like an immortal, his aura was soaring into the clouds, and he became a Ci sect, which was why he was so powerful. If you can discern the essentials, you can determine the text, and you may or may not violate the techniques.
Therefore, Wei Wen said: "The literature is mainly based on Qi. The clear and turbid Qi has a body and cannot be caused by strong force." Therefore, when talking about Kong Rong, he said "the body and Qi are sublime", and when talking about Xu Qian , it is said that "there is Qi Qi at all times", and when talking about Liu Zhen, it is said that "there is Yi Qi". Gong Gan also said: "Kong's Zhuozhuo has a different spirit in his letter; the nature of his pen and ink is almost invincible." It also emphasizes the purpose of Qi. Fu Hui Zhai prepares his appearance, but Hui Hui moves a hundred steps, his muscles are strong but his strength is weak; eagles and falcons are lack of strength, while Han flies violently to the sky, his bones are strong but his energy is fierce. The ability of writing is similar to this. If the character and character are lacking, the birds of prey will flock to the Imperial Academy; if the character and character are not collected, the pheasants will wander around the literary circle; only the algae will shine and soar high, which is the phoenix of the writing style. If you can cast the model of the classics, show the skills of collecting history, understand the changes of emotions, and express the style of writing, you can then be able to develop new ideas and create extraordinary words. The style of Zhao is deliberately new but not chaotic. It changes at dawn, so the words are strange but not cliched. If the bones are not rounded and the style is not practiced, but the old rules are crossed and the new works are pursued, although clever ideas are obtained, there are also many dangers and failures. How can the sutra be completed in vain with strange words and mistakes? "Book of Zhou" says: "The style of speech is important, but it is different." This is to guard against excessive writing. However, there are many literary arts, and each has its own preference. Those who are knowledgeable cannot be taught, and scholars cannot be taught by teachers. So Xi Hua followed his extravagance and fled, forgetting to rebel. If formality can be ensured and civilization can be strengthened, the style will be clear and the bones will be strong, and the text will be brilliance. If you can study all kinds of considerations, how far can you go!
Praise:
Emotion and Qi go together, and words and body merge. To maintain civilization, Guizhang is employed.
The power of the wind is as strong as this bone. The talent is sharp and the talent is strong, and the talent can overcome Bing.
(1) The Book of Songs has "six meanings", the first of which is "wind"; this is the root of education and is consistent with the author's emotions and temperament. Therefore, when the author wants to express his inner feelings, he should first pay attention to the issue of style; and when considering how to express it in words, he should first pay attention to the strength of the bones. Words should have bones, just like the body must have a skeleton; emotions should have a teaching effect, just like people have a certain temperament. If the words are written neatly and accurately, the article will have strength; if it can express the author's high-spirited will and spirit, the article will have an obvious influence. If there are many words, but the moral education is not effective and the bones are weak, then the literary talent will be dim and the syllables will be difficult to move. Therefore, before you conceive a plan, you must fully cultivate your own temperament, so that the words are powerful and the content is substantial, so that the work can radiate new brilliance. This does to writing what a bird of prey does to its wings. Therefore, an author who knows how to make his articles meaningful must choose his words carefully; an author who knows how to make his articles educational must be able to express his thoughts and feelings clearly. The words are used accurately and cannot be changed, and the impact of the work is firm and never-ending: this is the effect of paying attention to style and strength. If the content is not much but the words are too procrastinating, and the article is messy and lacks organization, this is a sign of lack of strength; if the thoughts are not thorough, the content is boring and the article is not powerful enough, this is a sign that it is not conducive to education. In the past, Pan Xu wrote "Book of Wei Gong Jiu Xi Wen" in an attempt to learn classic diction, which made others afraid to write. This was because of his superb diction; Sima Xiangru wrote "Adult Fu" and was said to have "the spirit of Lingyun" "Weiran became the master craftsman of the Fu family because of its huge infectious power. If you can see these important issues, you can start writing; if you violate these basic rules, don't pursue the variety of literary talents in vain.
(2) Therefore, Cao Pi once said: "The momentum of the article depends on the author's temperament. The main tendency of temperament is hard or soft, which cannot be forced." So when he commented on Kong Rong, He said: "His style and characteristics are very outstanding." When he commented on Xu Qian, he said: "He often has the characteristics of leveling the ground." When he commented on Liu Zhen, he said: "He has the characteristics of handsomeness." Liu Zhen also said: "Kong "Rong is outstanding and indeed has unusual characteristics; the advantages of his creations are difficult for others to surpass." These words all mean to pay attention to the author's temperament and the momentum of the article. Pheasants have feathers of different colors, but they can only fly a hundred steps at most, because they have too much muscle and lack of strength. The eagle has no color, but it can soar into the sky because of its strong bones and majestic spirit. The creative talent and ability are similar to this. If the article is written in such a way that it can teach both the content and the sentences, but lacks the eloquence, it will be like an eagle flying around the literary world; if it only has the diction but lacks the edification and strength, it will be just like an eagle flying around the literary world. Pheasants running around in the literary world. Only works that are both moving in diction and full of inspiration and strength can be regarded as the phoenix in the article.
(3) If you study the examples of classics when writing, you should also refer to the writing methods of Zishu and historical books, and have a deep understanding of the development and changes of literary creation, and learn in detail the styles of various articles; only then can you Generate novel meanings and refine unique diction. If you understand the style of various articles, your meaning will be novel but not confusing; if you understand the inheritance and innovation of creation, your writing will be unique but flawless. If the strength and literary talent of the article are not perfectly matched, and the moral function and rhetoric are not properly connected, but you want to get rid of the original norms and pursue new writing skills, then even if you get clever literary meaning, you will often fail. fail. Is it wrong to use some fancy words in vain as normal practice? "Shang Shu·Bi Ming" says: "Literature should grasp the key points and not blindly pursue novelty." This is to prevent excessive rhetoric. However, there is more than one writing technique, and everyone has his or her own favorites. Therefore, it is difficult for good writers to teach others, and those who are learning to write cannot learn from others. Later generations gradually embarked on the road of waste, going further and further without wanting to look back. If we can establish a proper way of writing and make the article clear and powerful, then the role of style teaching will be obvious, the diction will be superb, and the whole article will be able to shine. As long as you study the above issues, the success of writing will not be too far away.
(4) In short, the writer’s thoughts, feelings and temperament are consistent, and his diction and style are also unified. Articles must be written clearly and powerfully so that they can be valued like precious jade. It not only requires a greater educational effect, but also enhances the strength of words; only in this way can the writer's talent be reflected, and the style and strength of the work be closely combined to shine.