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Handwritten report of Si Nuo 1. Signs of life in winter
On that day, the squirrel dug a hole to bury the food he found in winter, and then slept in the tree hole in winter. Get up when you are hungry and dig out the buried food to eat.
In addition, they can put eighteen pine nuts in their cheeks, fill them first, and then go to bed.
But their food is often dug up and buried by other peeping squirrels, and sometimes they forget what they buried. Cute, isn't it?
Insects are warm animals. How do they spend the winter? It turns out that they each have a set of tricks.
Mantis can be made into large eggs, each with 300 to 400 eggs, which together with secretions form oocysts. Outside is a thick protective layer, attached to the trunk of the sun, not afraid of snow, ice and cold wind.
In fact, passive worms lay eggs on their backs and then lurk in underwater soil for the winter.
Leaf-cutting bees transport piles of oval leaves into underground or hollow wood to build rows of beehives and form oval "houses". There is nectar or pollen in the house to lay eggs for winter. Each leaf cutter can build 30 hives, and it needs at least 1000 oval leaves. This project is great.
Larvae of scarab, obese and nutritious, hibernates in the deep soil.
The longicorn beetle was born with a sharp mouth, and dug a "tunnel" on the trunk, in which its larvae spent the winter.
There is a hard chitin shell outside the pupa of moth, which can bear the cold attack, and more fat is stored in the pupa, which can prevent frostbite.
From the larval stage, the debt-avoiding moth makes a "pocket" with bark and branches, carries it on her back or hangs it on the branches, and hides it in the "pocket" when she is at rest. In late autumn, I got into my pocket, turned into a pupa, and passed the winter safely.
In the deep winter festival, bees not only eat stored honey to get heat, but also "crowd together" around the queen bee to form a hive, so as to keep the temperature in the hive at about 35℃. If the bees in the outer layer are too cold to stand, they will "change their defenses" inside and outside. For those larvae, worker bees will feed 1300 times a day like competent nannies. At the same time, worker bees also gather together to form an insulating layer to protect the larvae from the cold. If the larvae still feel cold, the worker bees will spread their wings and dance to raise the temperature of the hive.
The wasp has amazing cold tolerance and is still safe at -47℃.
Scientists have found that there is a special pigment cell in the "skin" of cold-resistant insects. The size of this pigment cell can be changed at any time. When the cell membrane is enlarged, the skin color becomes lighter, which makes the insect's body reflect light well; When the cell membrane contracts, the skin becomes darker and the body can absorb more light and heat. If the body is too hot, the pigment cells in the insect will swell to prevent the body temperature from rising excessively.
The mother grasshopper digs a hole with a hard "tail" (spawning flap) on the leeward slope of Chaoyang, then puts her belly into the hole, puts the eggs together one by one, and then secretes glue to wrap the eggs, just like a plastic bag, which is both warm and not afraid of blisters. It is really foolproof.
Cicada's oviposition tube is like a saw, which is used to cut the bark, lay eggs in it and let the eggs spend the winter in the bark.
Blind stinkbug's mouth is like a needle. It first pricks a small hole in the plant with its mouth, then turns its head and puts the ovipositor in the small hole to lay eggs. There is a small cover at the exposed end of the egg, which can prevent wind and air, killing two birds with one stone.
Before the snowy winter comes, moth larvae burrow into the ground to make a solid earthen house, and then spit out mucus from their mouths to paint the inner wall, making the "small earthen house" smooth, warm and safe.
Then the wheat sawfly can't build a house, but it knows it's too dangerous to sleep in shallow soil, so it goes to deep soil, which is not only warm, but also inaccessible to farmers when they plough the land next year.
Moth larvae have another skill. It spits out silk and mucus, and weaves wool into a hard cocoon, just like a bird's egg, which sticks to the branches and is as hard as a small stone head. No one can eat it if they want.
Li Xing caterpillars like to eat buds in early spring. They climbed to the sunny side of the old trunk, drilled into cracks and holes in the old tree, then took off their long hair, and then spun silk into a "blanket" and wrapped it tightly around them to avoid freezing.
The beetle's hard wing sheath and thick skin are like wearing a winter coat. When winter comes, they eat, drink and store enough nutrients in their bodies. Therefore, they are least afraid of the cold and can safely spend the winter in hidden corners under fallen leaves, gravel and tree holes.
Houseflies bury their pupae in the soil for the winter, but most flies and mosquitoes spend the winter as adults. They sneak into people's houses and hide in dark corners, all of which can survive the winter safely.
Bean moths and Pieris rapae spend the winter in pupae. Pupa skin is thick and hard, and it is more cold-resistant than larvae. As soon as the weather gets warmer, winter pupae turn into butterflies flying in the fields.
Insects should be fully prepared for safe winter. If carefully observed, it is not only interesting, but also helps us to eliminate pests and protect beneficial insects!
The city is full of traffic and the zoo is very lively. Siberian tigers, jaguars, snow foxes ... animals in cold regions are playing in the snow. While giraffes, elephants, zebras and other tropical animals hide in houses with heating and air conditioning for fun.
In this cold winter, all kinds of plants can still survive the cold winter and continue to grow, blossom and bear fruit in the coming year. Where is the mystery?
It turns out that these plants make various physiological adaptive responses before the arrival of cold: for example, the increase of soluble sugar content can increase the concentration of cell solution and reduce the water point. It can also buffer the excessive dehydration of protoplasm and protect protoplasm colloid from cold solidification. In addition, sugar molecules have great surface activity, which can be adsorbed on the surface of organelles and weaken their vitality. There is more sugar in the cell, the osmotic pressure increases, and more water is retained, which reduces freezing when going out. Other plants adapt to low temperature conditions by reducing their own water content and spend the cold winter safely.
When the temperature drops to about 5 degrees in winter, the aboveground growth of winter wheat basically stops, but photosynthesis continues slowly. At this time, the synthetic products are not converted into starch or other insoluble substances, but accumulated in the cells in the form of soluble sugar (mainly glucose). In winter, chlorophyll formation of wheat seedlings is less, and the cells are neutral or slightly acidic. At this time, the color of wheat seedlings began to turn red, which is a sign of strong cold resistance and normal growth of wheat seedlings.
It turns out that the flower buds of fruit trees can survive the winter safely, so that the flowers will bloom all over the trees in the coming year and bear rich fruits. This mainly depends on the change of water content in flower buds. When the temperature drops, the flower bud quickly discharges the water inside, so that the juice in the flower bud reaches a high degree of contraction. This kind of high juice has strong frost resistance and will not freeze in severe cold, thus preventing the cell membrane from breaking due to freezing. Even if the temperature drops to MINUS 30 degrees, the cells in the flower buds can still be safe and sound.
Second, pay attention to winter tonic.
Tonifying in winter is beneficial, but there are also taboos:
1 Avoid makeup. Generally speaking, the elderly mainly tonify the kidney and replenish qi. But specific to individuals, there are many situations such as qi deficiency, yin deficiency, yang deficiency, blood deficiency, deficiency of both qi and blood and yin and yang.
2 Avoid partial compensation. Chinese medicine believes that "qi is the handsome of blood, and blood is the mother of qi". Winter tonic can't be partial eclipse, so we should pay attention to both qi and blood and yin and yang to prevent other diseases from partial eclipse.
3 avoid expensive. Tonifying is not the more expensive the better, the key lies in symptomatic tonic. There is a famous saying in Chinese medicine: "rhubarb is a tonic when used correctly, and ginseng is a poison when used incorrectly." Therefore, it is not necessarily a good thing to eat too many precious supplements that are not symptomatic.
4 avoid being too greasy and too thick. For dyspepsia, the key is to restore the function of the spleen and stomach. The function of the spleen and stomach is good, and the nutrient absorption can be guaranteed. Otherwise, it is useless to make up for it. Therefore, winter tonic should be easily digested and absorbed.
⑤ Avoid simple tonic. Tonifying in winter is only an important aspect of health care. However, the ideal state cannot be achieved by tonic alone. Proper physical exercise and mental work, as well as a good diet, are conducive to health care.
6 avoid flu supplements. A cold and cough in winter is not conducive to tonic, otherwise the future trouble will be endless. As the saying goes, "three nine make up one winter, and there will be no disease in the coming year;" Make up this winter and be as strong as a tiger next year. "Winter is the best time to make up.
Winter and health
This winter, the weather is cold, and the blood circulation of human tissues is reduced, which is not conducive to the regression of inflammation. Therefore, patients with prostate disease can easily get worse in winter. Therefore, patients with prostate diseases should pay attention to protecting their prostate in winter. Common protection methods are: regular exercise, drinking plenty of water, not holding your urine, not spicy, keeping warm, eating more zinc, and waiting soon. Pay special attention to the local warmth.