The most prominent feature
There are metrical poems and quatrains in form, and there are seven words and five words. The words under the name of each epigraph have a fixed format, and several words in each sentence have requirements.
As far as the title is concerned, poems can freely choose the title, and words must have a monument name.
In terms of rhythm, poetry pays strict attention to levelness, and of course there are exceptions; There are not too many requirements for word training.
In terms of style, the style of poetry depends on the feelings expressed by the specific author, and there is no specific restriction. Personally, writing is easier to understand than poetry.
First of all, poetry came into being in different times. The earliest sentence is probably "flowers are not flowers, fog is not fog", and the legend was written by poets in the Tang Dynasty. Poetry can be traced back to The Book of Songs.
Secondly, of course, it is meter. The requirements of classical poetry are still relatively loose. It was not until the emergence of modern poetry in the Tang Dynasty that the requirements for meter became stricter. Words are also called "long and short sentences", and the sentence patterns are scattered, but they need to conform to a special format, and the phonological requirements will be more than poems. On the issue of rhyme, Li Qingzhao once criticized Su Dongpo's words for not conforming to rhyme, but just writing them in the form of words.
Third, the language and content of poetry. The words are delicate and lyrical, mostly graceful works and sketches, while poetry is all-inclusive and lyrical. If metaphor is used, then poetry is prose and words are love novels-in most cases.
Ci is one of China's ancient poems. It began in Liang Dynasty, formed in Tang Dynasty and flourished in Song Dynasty. According to "Old Tang Book"; "Since Kaiyuan (the year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), singers have mixed the songs of Okoyi Lane." At that time, there were many talented musicians in the city who made a living by singing. According to the need to coordinate the lyrics with the music beat, they created or adapted some long and short sentence lyrics, which are the earliest words. As can be seen from Dunhuang lyrics, the words produced by the people are decades earlier than those created by literati.
In the Tang Dynasty, most folk words reflected the theme of love and acacia, so they were regarded as unpretentious in the eyes of literati. Only those who pay attention to absorbing the artistic advantages of folk songs, such as Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi, have written some words with simple and natural style and strong flavor of life. Wen Tingyun and the "Huajian School" in the Five Dynasties, which are famous for their colorful sentences, have a certain position in the development history of Ci.
In the Song Dynasty, after a major breakthrough in the creation of Liu Yong and Su Shi, Ci made great progress in form and content. Although ci is influenced by literati's poems in language, the style of elegant carving has not replaced its popular folk style. However, the form of long and short sentences of words is more convenient to express feelings, so the saying that "poetry is blind and lyrical" still has some basis.
Ci can be roughly divided into graceful and unconstrained schools. Graceful and restrained words are elegant, graceful and full of music. Like Liu Yong's "Where do you wake up tonight?" Yang Liuan, Xiao Feng's waning moon "; Yan Shu's "Helpless Flowers Fall, I have met Yan Gui"; Yan's famous phrase "Liu Xin dances low, and the wind blows at the bottom of the peach blossom fan" is worthy of being a lyric masterpiece with a blend of scenes and scenes, and has certain artistic merits. Bold ci began with Su Shi, who turned ci into an independent lyric art from a prosperous time of entertaining guests. In his hands, the scenery of mountains and rivers, the scenery of farmhouses, the leisure and the ambition to serve the country all became the theme of ci, which made ci blossom from flowers and flowers.
Characters can be roughly divided into Xiao Ling (less than 58 words), Middle Tone (59-90 words) and Long Tone (more than 9 1 word, with the longest word reaching 240 words). Some are divided into two sections, called double tones; Some are divided into three or four sections, which are called three or four sections.
Words have epigrams, which are produced in the following ways: (1) imitating the titles of ancient Yuefu poems or music; Such as "Six States Song Tou"; Name the words in several people's poems, such as Xijiangyue; According to a historical figure or allusion, such as Nian Nu Jiao; There are also famous self-made epigrams, which are gradually separated from music and become an independent style.
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