Five-character quatrains are one of the quatrains in ancient Chinese poetry, which refers to a small poem with five words and four sentences, which conforms to the norms of metrical poetry and belongs to the category of modern poetry. There are two squares, one is convex and the other is horizontal. This style originated from Yuefu poems in the Han Dynasty and was deeply influenced by folk songs in the Six Dynasties. In the Tang Dynasty, it was like a twin sister with modern regular poetry, and it appeared in the poetry circle with brand-new brilliance.
Five-word quatrains but twenty crosses can show a fresh picture and convey a true artistic conception. Seeing the big because of the small, there are always many small ones, and short chapters contain rich content, which is its biggest feature. Representative works include Bird Watching Creek by Wang Wei, Sitting Alone in Jingting Mountain by Li Bai, Eight Arrays by Du Fu, Stay at the Lusu by Wang Zhihuan and Farewell Master by Liu Changqing.
Appreciation of ancient poems with five-character quatrains
Chai Lu [Wang Wei]
No one can be seen in the silent valley, only the voice is heard. Go back to the depths of the forest and shine at me from the green moss.
Pay attention to Luchai: a village with hedges.
A brief analysis of this poem was very quiet when it was written in an empty mountain, but "However, I think I heard a voice" was even more quiet and moving, seemingly handy and without trace, and its keen feeling was original.
Zhulou [Wang Wei]
I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the piano and humming a song. It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
Note that playing the piano and whistling alone in the depths of the bamboo forest is not for people to enjoy. Only the bright moon can see this ecstasy, and the poet says that people can't do it.
Goodbye [Wang Wei]
Seeing friends off in the mountains, Chai Men is half hidden at sunset. The grass turns green again in spring, but what about you, my friend Prince? .
Simply analyze that I just sent it to you, and I am looking forward to coming back next year. That affection can be imagined. The image of "green" flies.
Acacia [Wang Wei]
Red bean shrubs grow in the south. In spring, they sprout many branches. People who miss them hope to collect more. Mix red bean has attracted people's attention.
Brief analysis of red beans, also known as acacia, is regarded as a symbol of love. The poet recites this poem to send homesickness, which is no longer a story of his wife missing her husband under the tree, but also contains friendship, reaching a higher level.
Miscellaneous Poems [Wang Wei]
You have just come from our hometown, and we must understand the world. It's plum blossoms. When you pass my silk window, the cold plum blossoms.
A brief analysis of the inquiries about hometown people, of course, can be many, many, but the poem only asks whether Han Mei is in bloom, which expands the reader's imagination.
Send Cui Jiu [Pei Di]
If you want to go back to the mountain, whether it is deep or shallow, go and have a look; These mountains and gullies are pure and beautiful, which are worth appreciating. I still remember the morning when the fisherman from Wuling made a temporary visit to Taoyuan.
After a brief analysis, it is suggested that friends should really make up their minds to live in seclusion, so as to fully appreciate the beauty of mountains and valleys and nymphs, and not to be a fake hermit who takes a shortcut to the south. The idea is unique and novel, but it is difficult for people to go.
Look at Zhongnan Xuefeng [Zu Yong]
Looking south, the northern mountain is beautiful and snowy, like a cloud. After the snow in Chu Qing, the afterglow of the sun shone from the forest. It was late, and Chang 'an was even more chilly.
Through the back of the mountain and the sunshine, different scenes are presented everywhere, and it is also associated with the fact that after the snow on the top of the mountain melts, the jungle will be bright, but the city at the bottom will be colder, which makes the poem reach a new realm.
Sleeping sickness in spring unconsciously broke the morning, and the chirping of birds disturbed my sleep. How many flowers fall after a stormy night.
A brief analysis of the short spring sleep night and the warmth of the climate, if it weren't for the birds singing, I wouldn't know to wake up. Reminiscent of more vibrant vegetation, I feel that the sound of wind and rain last night left many fallen flowers. With profound artistic conception and simple language, it is a good poem that children can recite for thousands of years.
Silent night thinking [Li Bai]
The foot of my bed is shining so brightly. Is there frost already? I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic.
A brief analysis of just 20 words, what a beautiful and charming artistic conception it has created! The author once had a saying: "Clear water produces hibiscus, which is naturally carved." Many of his poems have indeed reached such a fresh and natural artistic realm.
Resentment [Li Bai]
The beauty has been waiting for the bead curtain and has been sitting with tight eyebrows. I only saw her tears wet her cheeks, and I don't know if she hates herself or herself.
A brief analysis of subtle drifting away, but the image of beauty is in front of us. Who is she complaining about? Readers can enter the realm of poetry through imagination.
Eight arrays [Du Fu]
During the Three Kingdoms period, you made unparalleled achievements, and you gained a permanent reputation by invading.
This river won't divert the stones from your disposal, and you will always regret that you will destroy Wu's unwise.
A brief analysis of the following comments and feelings about Zhuge Liang, the poet wrote a lot, but this one is quite critical of Liu Bei, because Liu Bei did not agree to unite with Wu to resist Wei, but wanted to swallow Wu, so that Shu died. This is not Zhuge Liang's fault.
Climbing the Magpie House [Wang Zhihuan]
The sun sets slowly near the western hills, and the Yellow River flows into the East China Sea. By going up one flight of stairs, look further.
Note that the author of this poem is Zhu Bin, and the title is "Climbing the Building".
A brief analysis of the stork tower is a scenic spot in the middle of Tang Dynasty (now Yongji County, Shanxi Province). It is three stories high and overlooks the Yellow River and Zhongtiao Mountain. It's eye-opening and full of weather. Through the description of natural scenery, the poet expressed his lofty ambition and broad mind, and also showed the infinity of the universe. The last two sentences, nature, are handed down from generation to generation and are regarded as symbols of pursuing ideals and lofty realms. The whole poem is bold and unrestrained, with broad artistic conception, popular language, natural and philosophical.
Send to Che Ling [Liu Changqing]
Blue chikurinji, near the distant bell in the middle of the night. The sunset with a hat gradually returned to Qingshan.
Analysis was a famous poet at that time, and his common surname was Tang. Complete Tang Poetry contains a volume of poetry. The title of this poem is "Farewell", which depicts the elegance of Che Ling's traveling abroad.
Play the piano [Liu Changqing]
The lyre plays a cool tune and listens carefully, like a tumbling pine tree. Although I like this ancient song very much, most people don't play it today.
A brief analysis of folk feelings caused by playing ancient songs. Sighing that there are few bosom friends in life, I feel frustrated in life because I am out of place, similar to Qin Taoyu's Who Loves Romance.
To Master [Liu Changqing]
You are a monk like a lonely cloud and wild crane. How can I live in the world? Please don't buy a famous mountain, it's a world-famous place.
Note: Wozhoushan lies in the east of Xinchang County, Zhejiang Province.
Briefly, the owner sent here is Che Ling. This poem suggests that since he wants to be born outside the dust, no one needs to know his whereabouts.
Send members up the mountain in autumn night [Wei]
When I walk on a cool autumn night, I think of you and sing my poems. I heard the pine cone fall on the mountain, and you seemed to wake up.
A brief analysis of this poem is simple and natural, which can not only show Qiu Dan's living environment and mood, but also imagine that he is missing himself.
Listen, Zheng [Li Duan]
Jin Su's guzheng makes a beautiful sound, and the beauty of guzheng sits in front of the jade house. Trying to please Zhou Lang as much as possible, you see she deliberately dialed the wrong string.
Zhuyufang: the residence of Zheng musicians.
In order to take good care of yourself for the person you love, you deliberately dialed the wrong string, and the lovely image of the girl playing the guzheng came to the fore. According to legend, Zhou Yu was 24 years old in the Three Kingdoms and was a corps commander of Jianwei, known as Zhou Lang. He is proficient in music, so he looks back. At that time, he said, "The music is wrong, and Zhou Lang cares." This poem is of course inspired by this story.
Bride [Wang Jian]
Come to the kitchen three days after the wedding and wash your hands to make soup. I don't know the taste of mother-in-law. Let's make the taste of good sister-in-law first.
A brief analysis of the details that can be felt in life is meaningful and interesting after the poet's artistic reproduction.
Fish table [Quande fish]
My belt was loose last night, and a lucky beetle flew over my bed this morning. This is my pigment, this is my powder, welcome to put on my shackles again.
Note: Long-legged spider. Anvil: the argot of ancient husbands.
A Brief Analysis of Yutai Poetry Style named by Chen in the Southern Dynasties chose ancient erotic poems and romantic poems as Yutai New Poetry, and this poem is a copy. This kind of poem is often artificial, but this poem is quite exquisite.
Jiang Xue [Liu Zongyuan]
There are no birds flying over those mountains, and there are no traces of people in those paths. A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice.
A brief analysis of the beauty of this poem lies in nature, which creates an unusual artistic realm and highlights the poet's depressed mood and arrogant personality.
Palace [Yuan Zhen]
In the empty and desolate old palace, there is only the lonely brilliant red of Hua Gong. Several white-haired footmen were sitting around talking about the emperor of the Tang Dynasty.
This poem is simple and plain, but it is very general and implicit, giving people an imaginary world. The sense of historical vicissitudes is beyond words.
He Manzi [Zhang Hu]
A maid-in-waiting lived 1000 miles away from home for twenty years. However, ask her for this song and use the first few words of this song to see how she tries to hold back her tears.
Note He Manzi: The title of the song.
A brief analysis of this five-element poem is entitled "Gong Ci". Just 20 crosses, written about the sufferings of imperial secretary, make people sigh and feel emotional. Every sentence in the poem is embedded with a number, and the basic duality between sentences is also a feature.
Leyou Tomb [Li Shangyin]
In the evening, I was unhappy and drove to Gu. Sunset, infinitely beautiful, only near dusk.
Note: Leyuan Scenic Area is located in the southeast of Xi City, Shaanxi Province.
A brief analysis of the reasons why this poem has been shocking for thousands of years is the sublimation of the third sentence and the fourth sentence, which gives people a philosophical enlightenment. This kind of state is exactly what everyone can appreciate.
An absence note [Jia Dao]
When I asked your students under a pine tree, "my teacher," he replied, "went to pick herbs." However, through these clouds, how can I know which corner of the mountain it is facing? .
A brief analysis of this poem is extremely ethereal and plain.
Spring resentment [Jin Changxu]
Get rid of the oriole, get rid of all the music on the tree. They woke her up when she dreamed that she went to meet him in Liaoxi camp.
A brief analysis of oriole's anger is because she awakened a good dream of meeting her distant husband. The feeling of missing her is so tortuous, delicate and wonderful!
Ge Shu Ge [West Me]
The Big Dipper is high in the night sky; Night in Gotham, with swords and fierce guards. Today, the Tubo people who breed horses only dare to look into the distance; They dare not go south and cross Lintao County.
A brief analysis of the people in the western regions, that is, the border people in the western regions. This folk song praises Ge, the messenger of Longyou, and expresses people's yearning for a peaceful life. Simple, natural and bold.
Introduction to the poetic style of five-character quatrains
The five-character quatrains before the prosperous Tang Dynasty were not only antithetical, but also did not pay attention to words. After the prosperous Tang Dynasty, five-character quatrains strictly followed the rules of metrical poems. Although a few "ancient poems" were written according to the way of ancient poems, they did not pay attention to the antithesis of even words, but the five-character quatrains in the prosperous Tang Dynasty are now perfect modern poems in terms of meter. This is mainly manifested in the following three aspects:
The number of (1) sentences is fixed. Only four sentences, five words each, a total of * * * twenty crosses.
(2) Rhyme is strict. Poetry rhymes, some of them rhyme with each other, and there is no essential difference between them and classical poetry. His rhyme is strictly manifested in the fact that it is generally flat and can't rhyme. That is to say, you can't rhyme, and you must use words with the same rhyme, not words with adjacent rhymes.
(3) Pay attention to leveling. On the basis of "Pingping-Zuoping, Zuoping-Pingping", a syllable is added to form Pingping-Zuoping and Zuoping-Pingping.
(4) On the dual problem. Because quatrains can be regarded as the interception of metrical poems, the requirements for antithesis are not too strict. Because metrical poems generally require antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithesis of antithe If you want to regard it as the first and last couplet of a metrical poem, you don't have to go against it, such as Wang Wei's Acacia. If it is regarded as the first half of the poem, three or four sentences are opposite, and one or two sentences are not needed; If it is regarded as an interception of parallel couplets and necklaces, it will be confronted. The latter two cases are relatively rare.
The origin of five-character quatrains
Judging from a five-character poem named Jueju written by Northern Zhou poet Yu Xin, the five-character Jueju was not created by the Tang Dynasty poet, but its stylistic form was at least formed at the end of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. "After years of travel, I have a lot of feelings. Recently, I learned Hengyang geese and crossed the river in the autumn equinox. " This is one of Yu Xin's "Three Masterpieces of He Kan". This poem is straightforward and completely in line with the rules of the Tang Dynasty. The second sentence rhymes with the fourth sentence, and the first sentence rhymes with the third sentence. The title of this poem is Jue. But before the Tang Dynasty, there were not many such neat five-character quatrains. It was not until the early Tang Dynasty that modern poetry was produced, and the five-character quatrains gradually improved and finalized. Previously, five-character poems were generally called "five-character ancient poems" or "five-character poems".