The following points should be noted when appreciating landscape and pastoral poetry:
1. Know people, discuss the world, and figure out the theme
The authors of landscape and pastoral poetry usually describe the landscape and pastoral poetry in their works. Integrating one's own interests, integrity, thoughts and emotions into the beautiful scenery, the purpose is to create a situation of quiet mountains and quiet water through quiet mountains and forests, leisurely water, so as to express love for nature and yearning for freedom, or to express feelings about reality. dissatisfaction, disgust with official life, or expressing a leisurely, indifferent and leisurely state of mind. When appreciating such works, we should deeply explore the author's life experience and fully understand the environment and era in which he lived, because these are closely related to the emotional theme of the poem. When doing poetry appreciation questions, we can often see through the writing background through multiple channels to figure out the emotional theme: grasp the title to understand the theme; grasp the author to understand people and the world; grasp the annotations to clarify the background; grasp Keywords: figure out the emotion; read the question and figure out the hidden information.
2. Capture the object and experience the artistic conception
All scenery language is love language, and landscape pastoral poems must describe the landscape Pastoral scenes are used to express emotions. Once these landscapes and pastoral scenes are written by the poet, they will inevitably carry the poet's emotional color and serve to express the specific emotions of the poem. Therefore, accurately grasping the characteristics of the landscape and pastoral images will help to further understand the author. To appreciate the artistic conception of the poem's blending of scenes. To appreciate the artistic conception of the poem, we can grasp it mainly from three aspects: first, which scenes are written; second, what kind of picture is expressed through these scenes, that is, the situational atmosphere, or tranquility expressed by the combination of pictures. Tranquility, or fresh and lively, or bright and gorgeous, or majestic and magnificent; the third expresses the author's emotions, whether he loves nature, loves mountains and rivers, or is indifferent and quiet, leisurely and contented, or hates officialdom, yearns for seclusion, etc.
3. Analytical techniques and discernment skills
1. Mobilize the senses and render the atmosphere. Landscape pastoral poems often use vision, hearing, touch, taste, smell and other senses to describe the scenery, making the description of the scenery more delicate. For example Gao Qi's "Spring Evening in the West Garden": "The green pond is full of fragrant grass and clear waves, and the spring scenery has passed through the rain. I know that all the flowers have fallen, and there are many butterflies in the vegetable patch today." The first sentence is "The green pond is full of fragrant grass and clear waves." , "green" and "fragrant", describe the spring beauty of green water and luxuriant grass from both visual and olfactory perspectives.
2. Combining movement and stillness to create artistic conception. Copy the scenery in landscape pastoral poetry. Often the dynamic and static aspects are combined together to make the picture lively and lively. For example, in the last sentence of Wang Wei's "Birds Singing in the Stream", "The moonrise scares the birds, and they sing in the spring stream", which is to describe the stillness with movement, one " "Jing" and "crying" seem to break the tranquility of the night, but in fact, the description of the sound is used to set off the tranquility and leisure in the mountains, and the overall artistic conception of the silent mountain forest is highlighted in front of the readers, which is similar to Wang Ji's "The cicadas are noisy in the forest and the birds are singing." "Mountains are more secluded" has different approaches but the same purpose.
3. The combination of reality and reality enriches the connotation. The present is reality, imagination is virtual; the present is reality, the past and the future are virtual. The combination of reality and reality, with the help of imagination, expands The expression space expands the artistic conception. For example, in Ouyang Xiu's "Langya Stream", "The snow in the empty mountain disappears and the water in the stream rises. Tourists cross the stream and cross the ancient trees. I don't know the source of the stream, but I can see flowers flowing out of the mountain." The last two sentences actually describe the scene of flowers flowing out with the stream. ; Virtually describe the spring mood in the mountains, as well as the distance of the stream and the twists and turns of the stream: the combination of virtuality and reality stimulates the reader's imagination and enriches the connotation of the picture.
4. Skillful use of rhetoric enriches the meaning. Landscape pastoral poetry Various rhetorical methods can be used, such as metaphor, personification, exaggeration, etc., to make the description of landscapes and pastoral scenes more vivid, vivid, contagious and meaningful. For example, Wang Anshi's "Two Poems on the Wall of Mr. Hu Yin (Part 1)" by Wang Anshi: "The eaves are long and quiet without moss, and the flowers and trees are planted by hand. A river of water protects the fields and surrounds them with green, and the two mountains are lined with gates to bring green." The last sentence uses an anthropomorphic technique, writing that "mountains" can be seen at the door, "two mountains" "Mountain" seems to be impatient to "send" the green mountain scenery to the door, turning silence into movement, turning ruthlessness into emotion, giving the mountain spirituality, vividly writing the vitality of the pastoral scenery, and expressing the poet's love for pastoral life. Feelings.
4. Recognize the test points clearly and standardize the answers
1. Review the questions carefully and identify the test points. The test points and question types of the college entrance examination are stable, and there should be "transformation" when reviewing the questions. Consciousness. The proposition is usually not presented in the way we are most familiar with. When reviewing the question, we must clear away the clouds and see the light, and review the "original form" ("prototype") of the question. The setting of the question usually includes three aspects: Creation of the situation , question angle and propositional intention. The first two are explicit, the latter is implicit, but they are the most critical. They are directly related to the direction of answering the question. For any question, the questioner has a clear propositional intention. .When reviewing questions, only by grasping the intention of the proposition can we know clearly what the questioner wants to test us, and then we can answer the questions accurately and avoid answering questions that are not what we asked.
2. Standardize the answers and point-by-point statements. The types of poetry appreciation questions in the college entrance examination are relatively fixed. When answering questions, you should organize your answers according to the established answer pattern. You must have a sense of points when answering questions, and be able to state the answers in multiple angles and in an analytical manner - if there are several questions, divide them into at least a few points; you must have a sense of assigning points. , determine the length of the answer text based on the score of the test question, and even boldly infer that the answer can be roughly divided into several points to express. For example, a 4-point question can generally be expressed in two large points or four small points; there must be terminology Awareness, be sure to use appreciative terminology when answering questions, put opinions first, and analysis later.