If Tan's and Zhu's different contributions are mainly reflected in the fusion of Ci-poetry art, which made Zhejiang Ci in Qing Dynasty gradually mature, then Tian's contribution is mainly reflected in the transformation of Ci-poetry sentiment and the excavation of Ci-poetry realm. Zhang An is not only an outstanding historian, but also a poet with unique temperament. These two achievements had a far-reaching impact on his ci creation. Specifically, first, write lyrics with the pen of historians, pay attention to current events, and write more works full of realistic spirit; Second, stick to temperament, find a new way, be harmonious but different, and highlight the true colors of ci. The combination of these two aspects makes Weng 'an's ci have both the sad embrace of Du Fu's poetry and the seclusion and profundity of Li Shangyin's poetry. Its unyielding ethics and work style make its ci style tend to be beautiful and subtle. Zhang Ertian also said in the article "On Su Xin and Yu Sheng's Ci Book" published in the third issue of the second volume of Ci Quarterly: "Su Xin's Ci is only clear and heroic. If you are clear and not male, you will become a vulgar person ... My younger brother is bitter and weak, and I hope that Su Xin is in the sky, and I can only barely get to the mountain. " Xia Jingguan's Preface to Yuefu Temple goes further: "You are arrogant, but how many generations have absolutely lamented the depth of your thoughts. Zhuan Xu lived for a long time and was diligent in writing. The words contain thoughts, and when poured out, the liver and lungs are fragrant. In a small room, knocking on ghosts, telling the truth about slaughter, the heart is bitter and elegant, and the purpose is hidden and righteous. How much did Yu Canzi do? ..... The gentleman is also a poet, and he is not proud of helping each other. Extreme poets also. " Strict and not easy theory. However, Ye Gongchuo's "Guang Zuo Zhong Ci" holds that "Meng Zan Ci originated from family studies and was deeply influenced. After consulting with Yamato, it was extremely subtle, so what he did was also cold and red. " Zheng, a cold red poet, is a poet who combines halal, white stone, dream window and Yutian like Li Shangyin. Qian Zhonglian's "Hundred Years of Ci-Hua" is summarized as follows: "Meng Zan is a historian, and his ci originated from family studies and was deeply influenced by discussions with Yamato." Yue An Le Fu was a work expressing anger at that time, with great courage, telling the truth and crying for the elves. It was Mr. Qian, a family scholar of Ling Du and Yuxi, who revealed the trajectory and characteristics of Tuan An's ci creation with Yuxi, which can be described as appropriate.
Please take specific words as examples to illustrate. There are many works of mourning for the time and worrying about the world in Tian 'an's early ci, among which the works of mourning for the Gengzi Incident are the most distinctive. Such as "Young Beauty" word cloud:
In the Tianjin Bridge, the cuckoo squealed, blocking the horizon. The east wind is afraid of leaning against the fence, and where is the Central Plains from Qingshan? Drunk dreams are cold around Pingshan, and I am sick alone. The hometown is full of war and interest tonight.
This word was written in the spring of the 27th year of Guangxu (190 1), after Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing. In the last film, I wrote a sad scene in late spring to symbolize Beijing after Eight-Nation Alliance, and used Su Shi's famous words to imply that the country was in danger of being carved up by the great powers. The next movie goes on to write about the night scene. The moonlight was dim and bleak. The emperor and queen fled to the west, and the mountains and rivers were broken. They feel sad about this country, but they can only drown their sorrows in wine. However, the first article wrote "leaning on the bar" and "where", and the next article wrote "lonely" and "full of eyes". The lingering inflammation is still hot, which is the touching place of Tian Ci, which sets off the poet's noble integrity. The whole word is vigorous and powerful, which is just a poem. In fact, the last sentence of this word comes from Du Fu's poem "Moon", which reads "Let's go to war, get to know all the land, and let's take care of the country and the West". Soldiers in "Guoxiying" will be homesick because of the bright moonlight, so they advise the moon not to look at the barracks there. What Du Fu said refers to Fengxiang in the west of Chang 'an, the temporary location of Su Zong; Tunan said that Eight-Nation Alliance went to Beijing, and the emperor and Hou fled to the west and stayed in Ann.
For ordinary poets, current events are only the reasons and background of creation, while in Tianan Ci, they are specific events and contents. This is a typical reflection of Du Fu's "poetic history" spirit. Yang Liuzhi, written in the spring of the same year, is also a group of works that pay attention to current affairs. Look at two of them:
The spring breeze is full of brocade mud, and pedestrians sing more about the levee. Ruthless Wei Qing flowed to the east, but was sent to Xianyang in the west.
Luoshui microwave blows the garden wall, and the residual wax on the painting screen shines yellow in the palace. Who can appreciate Xu Fei's half makeup?
These two poems can be described as the melting and casting of Cao Zhi, Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties, Du Fu, Li Shangyin and Zhou Bangyan, and they are the same event sung by Yu Meiren. Because in September of 26, the emperor and queen fled to An, the first sentence was "ruthlessly clearing Wei and flowing eastward". At that time, the governors of southeast provinces and Britain, the United States and other powers carried out mutual insurance in the southeast, and concluded the Southeast Insurance Pact in Shanghai, refusing to accept the orders of the Qing Central Committee. Therefore, the name of "protecting Southeast China" is actually a collusion between China and foreign countries to split China. So in the second chapter, there is a saying, "Who will enjoy Xu Fei's half-face makeup when he is finished?". Exposing Zhang An from the standpoint of national unity is the concrete embodiment of his historian spirit, national dignity and progressive thought. The predecessors filled in "Yang Liuzhi", or expressed their feelings, or wrote about the scenery, or hung up on the past; Buddhist nun used it to send current events, old bottles and new wine, which reflected his artistic innovation spirit.
As a direct result of the Gengzi Incident, the Qing Dynasty was forced to sign the "Xin Chou Treaty" with the great powers, which made the national disaster more serious. For modern intellectuals, this is an unprecedented and painful national disaster, which is close to the extinction of the country. The blow to Tunan's soul is even more severe, and many Long song's works are written with tears in their eyes. The long tune Jin Lu Qu Li Wenjun Shenggan Fu is one of the representative works. Word cloud:
Where is the frost? Looking at the fields in high autumn, the embroidered flag is extinguished. Shake the shadow of the Three Gorges, Aconitum is as bad as snow. After listening for a while, I whimpered. Who will bring wine immediately and accompany the general to lie drunk on the battlefield? When the ice falls, tears flow. This man came here with a split liver and intestines. Holding the residual lamp, Wu Gou smiled and watched, and the dream came. At dusk, the Jin people moved to camp, and the White Army urged them. What time is it now? Is it far from Tian Hong? In Ma Penglai, the legend is not big. It was the first time that xian yangqiao people left. Since the sunny night, spittoons are insufficient.
This slow word was written in the autumn of Guangxu twenty-seven years. On July 25th this year, the Qing Dynasty signed the "Xin Chou Treaty" with the ministers of eleven countries. On August 24th, Cixi and Guangxu returned to Beijing, so there were words such as "moving camp", "urging hair" and "farewell to xian yangqiao". Move the camp, refer to the emperor, and move back; Urging refers to the emperor, after starting from Xi' an; The departure of xian yangqiao people originally refers to the farewell of Xi officials and people to the emperor and queen. In October, the emperor and Hou arrived in Kaifeng and stayed for more than ten days. Tunan heard that Luan's family started from Xi 'an and wrote this word. The whole poem focuses on the emperor's expedition to Beijing. It is bold to imagine, but it is as realistic as a sentence. Full of grief and indignation at the emperor and fleeing to the west. Du Fu's poems have been used many times, and historical records, frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, folk songs in the Northern Dynasties and symphonic poems have also been included, making his works more dignified and profound. The whole word is generous and sad, very sonorous, and sincerity can be described as a history of pronouns.
Zhang An paid attention to state affairs all his life, worried about the times and hurting the world, moved by emotion and made words, which is really the home of poets. His "Mulan Fu Outside the Car Door" is also a sad song of the times. Word cloud:
Be intoxicated with heaven. Where do you ask and what do you care about? Look at the chaos of snow, the tears of spring rolls, the balcony of dreams. Whispering to the flute in a low voice, there are plum blossoms and Hugh's battle garden. The cold outside the swallow deceives the wine, and the warbler warms the pavilion to sing. Surprise guess. Frost on the temple. The cup is hidden and the sword is buried empty. What a bleak Lancheng, who are you sorry for? Old Qinhuai, moonlight with birds, over the female wall. Don't bow to dangerous sails, the mountain has no end.
In the past, when the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway was about to reach Nanjing main station, there was Yaohuamen Station, but the gate no longer existed. 19 1 1 August, 2008 19, the third year of Xuantong, that is,19110, Wuchang Uprising broke out, which started the first revolution of 1911. All parts of the country responded in succession, and the provinces successively declared independence or were conquered by the revolutionary army. Zhang Xun, then the prefect of Jiangnan in Qing Dynasty, stationed in Nanjing, stubbornly resisted the revolutionary army and slaughtered thousands of people in Nanjing. Until1October 12 (165438+1October 5) was conquered by Xu and others, the Jiangsu army was established and declared independence. The ancient city of Nanjing experienced this war and was devastated and terrible. The word Dian describes the scars left by the Nanjing War during the Revolution of 1911. At the same time, it is also intertwined with the author's complex mentality, such as the lack of talent, disappointment with the old and deep anxiety about the world. Many ancient poets, such as Qu Yuan, Sima Qian, Yu Xin, Bao Zhao, Du Fu, Cen Can, Liu Yuxi, Su Shi, Lu You, etc., have been used in their poems, which makes their works extremely rich and profound and intriguing. The poem is desolate, full of tension and frustration.
Zhang Ertian's Ci combines the spirit of historian's record with the spirit of poet's freehand brushwork, and combines realism with creation, which makes modern Zhejiang Ci a pioneer. Biography of Monuments to Figures in the Republic of China (Volume 6) and Biography of Zhang said that Kuai 'an was good at writing lyrics in his later years to express his grief and loyalty, and became Kuai 'anlefu in two volumes. Critics say it's a half pond, old and remote, and no one can reach it. " Weng 'an Ci deserves such an evaluation.
By the way, Shao Ruipeng was once as famous as Zhang Ertian.
Shao Ruipeng (1887— 1938), a native of Chun 'an. Joined Zhejiang Excellent Normal School in the late Qing Dynasty. Member of nanshe society. In the early Republic of China, he was elected as a member of the House of Representatives. Later, he became famous for exposing and opposing Cao Kun's bribery in the presidential election. He has served as a professor at Beijing Normal University and Henan University. Intensive reading of Shangshu, Qi Shi, Huainanzi and ancient calendar arithmetic. Living in Kaifeng in his later years, he was down and out. There are four volumes of Yanghe Ci and one volume of Echoes of Mountain Birds.
Xia Jingguan's "Endure Gu Lou's Ci-Hua" said that "two men are ci-poems, and the Sect is still halal, with vigorous brushwork and abundant algae". Comment on Ye Gongchuo's Guang Zuo Zhong Ci: "The two public words are elegant and harmonious". Shen's Fan Shuang Xie Ci Za says that "Zhang Ertian, a Hangzhou poet in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, is as famous as Shao Ruipeng in Sui 'an". In all fairness, the contribution to the inheritance and imitation of Shao Ci is greater than the expansion and innovation, and the achievement and influence are less than that of Sijia and Tunan. In addition, Shao's generation is late, so it is only discussed in Tunan. There is a short tune and a long tune here.
Look at his recent love. The word says, "There is green grass in front of the twelfth floor. Bead foil is the door, and the wind of the fan is small. Zhao Se's "Qin Zheng" failed to perform well, and the bridal chamber cried all night. Put up with a thousand dollars for a smile? After all, lovesickness is better than meeting. The brocade character is not based on the southern geese, and the beautiful family is in the long way. " Dense words, graceful words, full of emotion between the lines, natural flying, halal. The three words of "forbearance" are sincere, touching, simple and lovely, and they also like being petty and traveling less, which non-lovers can't say.
For the long tune, please see "Qiluoxiang Late Shenwumen, the residual lotus is exhausted, and the autumn scenery is pitiful". As the saying goes, "Smoke and vegetables are cold, but sorrow in the mirror is low." If you dream of falling into the Yaotai, you will be jealous of all kinds of makeup. Miss the beautiful woman, the road is separated by the west wind, miss Di Zi, and hear about the sinking of Zhu Bei. Afraid of meeting, hate autumn soul, silent at night. Who writes tears in the palace ditch? Looking back, the clothes change, and the prosperity fades. Hosta fragrance disappears, socks are scattered. Then I set up the sunset outside the door. It got dark and I was surprised. I came late to catch the rain. Ask about the river and smell that song on this occasion. Do you believe heartbroken? "This word is written in memory of the imperial concubine, comparable to Zhu Zumou's" Slow Sound ". As a revolutionary, Shao's ci was written shortly after the demise of the Qing Dynasty, so naturally he would not express sympathy for the demise of the Qing Dynasty in his works. However, Zhen Fei was virtuous, supported Guangxu's political reform, and was finally persecuted, thus winning the sympathy and condolences of poets. The whole poem is beautiful and beautiful, and there are many deep feelings and sorrows between halal and dream window, but it is close to the field.
(1) "lingering", out of Wu Mei's "general theory of ci" chapter 9 "introduction 4", Shanghai ancient books publishing house, 2006 edition, the first 13 1 page.