original text
Distant Altair
anonymous
Distant Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan girl.
Skillful hands, make a loom.
Tears fall like rain all day long;
The river is clear and shallow, how much is the difference!
Between water and water, there are no words.
translate
Look at the distant Altair, the bright Vega.
The weaver (Weaver Girl) stretched out her slender white hand, fiddled with the loom (weaving) and made a firm knitting sound.
I didn't knit a piece of cloth all day, and tears rained down.
The Milky Way looks clear and shallow. How far apart are the two banks?
Although there is only a clear river, they can only stare with emotion, but they can't talk in words.
To annotate ...
1. Jumping Altair is selected from Nineteen Ancient Poems.
2. Nineteen ancient poems: selected from Selected Works of Xiao Tong in Southern Dynasties (Zhonghua Book Company, 1977 edition). This poem is one of the nineteen ancient poems. The author of Nineteen Ancient Poems is unknown, which can be traced back to the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
3. Dior: It's a long way. Altair: Opposite Vega across the Milky Way, commonly known as Altair, is the main star of Tianying constellation, south of the Milky Way.
4. Jiao Jiao: Smart. Hehan: Galaxy. Hehan female, referring to Vega, is the main star of Lyra, on the north bank of the Milky Way. Vega and Altair face each other across the river.
5. Hehan woman: The woman beside the Milky Way refers to Vega.
6. "Zhuó": stretch, pull, pull. Stretch out a slender white hand.
7.Zaza loom: I'm playing with the loom (weaving) to make the Zaza loom make a sound. Play around.
8. Zhu: Shuttle of loom
9. There is no chapter all day: it means that the weaver girl in The Book of Songs Dadong can't weave all day. The original intention of the Book of Songs is that the weaver girl has a false name and can't weave; What is said here is that the weaver girl has no intention of weaving, because she has hurt acacia.
10. Zero: drop.
1 1. How much: How much. These two sentences mean that Vega and Petunia are separated by only one galaxy, how far apart they are!
12. Yingying: crystal clear.
13. pulse (mò mò): express love silently with eyes or movements.
14. Sue: Fair.
15. Snuff: tears.
Chapter 16: refers to the warp and weft texture on the fabric, in this case, the fabric.
17. Room: separate.
Creation background
Morning glory and Weaver Girl are the names of two stars. In China, the folk stories about Petunia and Weaver Girl originated very early. The Book of Songs Xiaoya Dadong wrote the morning glory and the weaver girl, but it was only written as two stars. "Spring and Autumn Yuanmingbao" and "Zibo Town in Huainan" began to say that the weaver girl is a goddess. In Cao Pi's Ge Yanxing, Cao Zhi's Luo Shen Fu and Jiu Yong, Petunia and Zhinv became husband and wife. Cao Zhi's "Nine Odes" said: "Petunia is the husband and Weaver is the woman. The Star of the Weaver Penny is beside the river drums all over the country, and July 7 is a period of time. "This is the clearest record at that time. "It can be seen that the story of Petunia and Weaver Girl in the Three Kingdoms period at the end of the Han Dynasty has probably been finalized." The Far Cowherd is based on the story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl.
This poem is one of the nineteen ancient poems. Modern people comprehensively investigate the emotional tendency, social life and skillful artistic skills reflected in Nineteen Ancient Poems. It is generally believed that the age of these nineteen poems should be decades earlier than that of Dixian Jian 'an in the late Han Dynasty.
works appreciation
The Far Altair is a masterpiece of autumn night. With the story of Altair and Weaver Girl in the sky, write the feeling of isolation with romance.
The use of reduplication makes this poem concise, beautiful and interesting.
Especially in the last two sentences, the image of a young woman full of sadness is vivid and meaningful, which is an extremely rare sentence.
This poem describes a couple in the sky, Petunia and Weaver Girl, but the perspective is on the ground, which is to observe their parting pain from the perspective of a third party.
At the beginning, the phrase "Far away, Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan girl" was written from two places, saying that Altair said "Far away" and Weaver said "Jiao Jiao". Titiao and Jiao Jiao have different views. The morning glory is also bright, and the weaver girl is far away. They are all so far away and so bright. However, it is easy for people to associate the distant Petunia with the wanderers in another country, and it is also easy for people to associate the Weaver Girl in Jiao Jiao with the beauty of women. So, it seems that they are not interchangeable. If it is intertextual, the interest will be reduced by more than half if it is changed to "Morning glory, the river girl in the distance". The subtlety of poetic language can be seen here. The purpose of calling the Weaver Girl "Hehan Girl" is to make up three syllables and avoid using the word "Weaver Girl". The former sentence uses "Altair" and the latter sentence uses "Vega", which is neither rhyming nor monotonous. River Girl is much more vivid. "Hehan woman" refers to a woman on the edge of the Milky Way, who is more likely to be associated with a real woman, ignoring that she is a star. It can be seen that different writing methods have different artistic effects. In a word, the arrangement of the ten words "Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan Girl" can be said to be the most ingenious arrangement and the most muddy effect.
"Master, plunge into the loom. On the one hand, the four sentences of "Crying like rain all day" are written that although she knits all day, she can't knit a horse because she is sad. " "Delicate hands" means delicate hands, and the structure of the original sentence in the poem was changed to compete with the next sentence "Zhazha plays on the loom". The poet used the word "get" here. "The Book of Songs Xiaoya Sigan": "This was born by a woman, and this is a ceramic tile with tricks. "The word means to play and play. Although the weaver girl stretched out her plain hand, she was not interested in knitting. She just fondled the loom and burst into tears. " There is a weaver girl who has seven fragrant flowers all day long. "Although I wrote seven articles, it was not a newspaper."
The last four sentences are the poet's lament: "He Han is pure and shallow, how much is the difference?" "There is more water, and the pulse is speechless." The milky way between Petunia and Weaver Girl is clear and shallow, and Petunia and Weaver Girl are not far apart. Although only separated by water, they can't talk to each other. "Welcome" is interpreted as describing the shallowness of water, or not describing water, and the "pulse" in the next sentence describes the weaver girl. Notes of six ministers in Selected Works: "Yingying is beautiful." Many people think that "Yingying" must describe water before "Yishui". But the original intention of surplus is overflow. If we describe water, we should also describe its fullness, not its shallowness. Yingying is interpreted as shallow because of the influence of "the river is clear and shallow" above, not Yingying's original intention. "Yingying" appears in Selected Works, and besides this poem, there is also "Yingying has a girl upstairs, and the window is bright and clean", which is also found in Nineteen Ancient Poems. Shan Li's note: "Guangya said:' Win it, endure it.' Surplus and victory are the same, and the old saying goes. "This is to describe the beauty of women's manners, so the notes of ENT are extended to" Li Duan ". In addition, Shang Mo of Ran Ran Yuefu sang: "Ying Ying is a husband, and Zhong Chao is a husband. "It also describes people's behavior. Because the Weaver Girl is called the Hehan Girl, her beauty is also reflected among the Hehan people, which means "a room full of water". "Pulse", Shan Li's note: "Er Ya said' pulse, look at each other'. Guo Pu said,' The pulse is looking at each other'. " "The pulse is unspeakable" means that although the Hehan is shallow, the Weaver Girl and the Petunia can only look at each other with the pulse but can't speak.
This poem is full of emotion and touching. The whole poem uses things as metaphors to describe people, with exquisite ideas. The poem is mainly about the Weaver Girl and Penny. It is very clever from the perspective of the Weaver Girl. From the "chapter" in "Weaver Girl" to "Tears Like Rain" and then to "No Words", it fully shows the bitterness of parting. The description of the weaver girl in the poem is very delicate, and the details are in place, such as "holding hands" and "crying like rain". At the same time, "Zaza Ji Nong" is a dynamic description. In this way, the characters emerge from such descriptions.
This poem consists of ten sentences, six of which use reduplicated words, namely, Tiao, Jiao Jiao, Dedication, Miscellaneous, Ying Ying and Pulse. These reduplicated words make the syllables of this poem harmonious, concise and beautiful, full of interest, and naturally and appropriately express physical properties and feelings. Especially the last two sentences, if the image of a young woman full of sadness appears on paper, it is a rare meaningful and muddy sentence.