Key words: image, emotion, scene, mixing, integration of things and me.
Xu Zhimo's amazing life, his gentle poetry creation and simple and persistent ideal of "childlike innocence" have always been the most interesting issues in the history of modern literature. Xu Zhimo is one of the representatives of Crescent Poetry School. He followed Mr. Wen Yiduo's theory of "three beauties" (beauty of music, beauty of painting and beauty of architecture) and personally wrote many gorgeous poems that are well known. Farewell to Cambridge is one of his representative works. The dictionary of this poem is elegant, the melody is harmonious and gentle, the aftertaste is melodious, the structure is even, the psychological description is delicate and gentle, and the image is full of tension, which fully embodies the beauty of painting, music and architecture. Let's talk about the use of this poetic image and the change of emotion.
Image is one of the important categories of China's traditional poetics. Image can be said to be the most basic and important element of poetry. Image is the organic unity of "meaning" and "image", and it is the fusion of the poet's subjective feelings and objective external things. If there is love but nothing, there is nothing to give; If something is heartless, it is its own. Only what is observed with emotion and full of emotion is the aesthetic place to share the subject's life. Farewell to Cambridge can be said to have reached a superb level in the use of images. The ancients said that "it is sad to die since ancient times", Jiang Yan said in "Hate Fu": "Those who forget themselves have just left", and Su Shi said: "The moon is full and sunny, people have joys and sorrows, and it is difficult to be complete in ancient times". It can be seen that "injury separation" is an eternal motif. The poet revisited his old place for a short time and had a complicated mood. There is both a deep attachment to Cambridge and a reluctance to part with it. So, how does the poet express this emotion? He chose several typical images. The first image the poet chose was "Golden Willow by the River". "Willow" is an image that often appears in poems describing parting scenes in ancient China literature. In the book of songs, the first collection of poems in China, there are "past events, Liu Yiyi; Today I think it's raining. " Later scholars and poets inherited this ancient image connotation and constantly used it in their poems. Because "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, they have the meaning of deep retention and farewell. Moreover, there was a custom of breaking willows to bid farewell in ancient China. The folk song of Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties is "Don't grasp the whip when you get on the horse, but turn over Yang Liuzhi;" "The poem" Playing the flute on the table, worrying about killing pedestrians "reflects the scene of breaking the willow at that time. For example, in the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei sent two envoys to Anxi, there was a poem that "the guest house is green and the willow is new in color", and in the Song Dynasty, there was a famous sentence that "the breeze in Yang Liuan is fading". It can be said that the image of "Liu" contains the psychological accumulation of the Chinese nation beyond language symbols. This image is closely related to the collective unconscious, similar to Jung's original image. Jung said, "Every primitive image is a fragment of human spirit and human destiny, which contains the remnants of joys and sorrows repeated countless times in the history of our ancestors, and in general, it has always followed the same route. He is like a riverbed that has been dug deep in his mind. The stream of life suddenly surges into a big river in this riverbed, instead of flowing forward in an endless shallow stream as before. "(on the relationship between analytical psychology and poetry) The artistic image derived from the original image has extremely rich historical significance and is hidden in the depths of national psychology. Here, Xu Zhimo absorbed the connotation of this traditional image and gave it new meaning. The poet imagines "the golden willow by the river" as "the bride in the sunset", which makes the lifeless scenery become a living woman, colorful, graceful, gentle and charming, full of youthful charm. The poet added the word "gold" in front of the willow tree. On the one hand, he painted the color in the specific situation of "sunset", on the other hand, the color of "gold" was warm, which made people feel a warm and sweet emotion. "Bride at sunset", a "golden willow by the river", seems to know that the long-lost student is back, dressed up carefully and quietly waiting for his return. The shadow of the "bride in the sunset" is reflected in the waves, which is more charming. Therefore, the poet touched the scene and caused emotional ripples in his heart. " Beautiful shadows in the waves ripple in my heart. "It not only fully describes the poet's infinite love and attachment to Cambridge after a long separation, but also flows the sadness of parting between the lines. It can be said that it is sad and happy, and the mood is very complicated.
The second image chosen by the poet is "the green grass on the soft mud, oily and swaying under the water". "Oil" writes its green concentration as if it were green enough to produce oil. We know that green symbolizes youth and vitality of life. Xu Zhimo is a poet who worships nature, and he enthusiastically pursues the harmony between man and nature. This stubbornness stems from an extraordinary life experience during his study in Cambridge. It was the sound of water under Cambridge, the midnight bell in the village, which intoxicated him and drowned his pure and beautiful heart in the unexpected tacit understanding. These two poems express the poet's envy of "tenderness". Because "Qin dog" can grow freely in Cambridge, a university with strong humanistic atmosphere, but it can't. The word "ostentatious" personifies "qingrou", as if "qingrou" is waving to him. As if to say: "classmate after a long separation, you are back!" " "So, when the poet witnessed this scene, there was a strong sound in his heart." In the gentle waves of He Kanghe, I would like to be an aquatic plant. "I hope to snuggle up in the arms of my alma mater and enjoy the warm and sweet comfort of my alma mater. This is a heartfelt attachment, a unique romantic poet. The above two images fully describe the infatuation and infatuation of the poet when he returned to his alma mater. Very vividly and truly wrote the poet's attachment and love for his alma mater.