Children's stuttering refers to a language disorder characterized by speech interruption, repetition and unsmooth speech, accompanied by body movements. Stuttering is more common among children, about 5% of whom suffer from it. Studies have shown that under normal circumstances, the age of stuttering is often between 2 and 4 years old. Why do children who used to speak fluently suddenly start stuttering? Careful analysis, there are the following reasons:
I. Reasons for wording
Between two or three years old and seven years old, with the development of self-awareness, children's desire to express and express gradually increases. However, at this time, because the language function is not yet mature, children's thinking ability, vocabulary mastery and sentence organization ability are in the development stage, which makes them feel difficult to express complex thoughts and speak too impatient, excited or nervous. When children are eager to express themselves, a lot of language information is stored in their minds, but their expressive ability can't keep up, and the speed of thinking and speaking can't match, which leads to more stuttering.
Second, imitate infection.
Most stutterers learn from others' stuttering when they are young. Children are curious and good at imitation. Everything they see is fresh and they like to imitate. Not only like to imitate the actions of adults, but also like to imitate the actions of peers and classmates, especially those who stutter are too funny and prefer to imitate.
If there are stutterers among relatives, friends, classmates and neighbors, they will become the objects of imitation. In particular, stuttering scenes in TV cartoons have a greater impact and become a "model" for children to learn. Learning for a long time becomes a habit, and it is difficult to change it. Childhood is the most imitative period,
Stuttering is very contagious. You live or play with stutterers all the year round. Although you don't imitate, you will stutter unconsciously after a long time.
This "infectivity" is suggestibility. People who are close to Zhu Zhechi and those who are close to Mexico are black. Humans all have the instinct of being hinted, especially children are more inclined to accept hints. If you often hear your parents or people around you eating, this impression will be reflected in your behavior in a conditioned way after it enters your mind. Not only stuttering, but also habits such as tone of voice, posture and movements will be felt. Some parents forbid their children to learn stuttering and play games with stuttering children. However, people are curious. The more things they are not allowed to see, the more they want to get rid of them. The less they stutter, the more curious they are to learn a few words.
There is no need to make a fuss about imitating others' stuttering or being influenced by others. These phenomena can be overcome soon. If psychological factors are mixed at this time, you are likely to become a real stutterer.
Third, scare and stimulate.
It is not uncommon for people to stutter because of sudden or persistent fright. Stuttering can occur after some events that suddenly cause shock and fear, some creepy experiences, such as meeting animals and listening to a terrible ghost story, which causes panic and so on.
Stuttering may occur in panic, or it may occur in a few hours or days after panic, and sometimes it reappears after the silent stage.
People often say "scared to death" when they are frightened, which sounds a bit exaggerated, but although it is very rare, human beings do die from extreme fright, and even worse, they will be scared to death. When frightened, the functions of various organs of the human body may lose their normal functions. Common ones are stiff muscles, erect hair, glaring, open mouth, pale face, heartbeat, cold sweat, trembling limbs, even inability to stand, falling to the ground without hands, incontinence and so on. And the speech organs will be disordered and stutter. However, all this is temporary, and these phenomena will gradually calm down after the panic stimulation is over. Never be afraid to stutter all your life; In other words, if there are no psychological factors involved, acute stuttering will never become chronic stuttering.
Fourth, improper education.
Improper parental education is often the cause of stuttering. For example, a child's postpartum development is early or late, some can speak clear and simple words just after one year old, and some can't speak a complete sentence well when they are two or three years old, and they will gradually mature with age. Some parents who are not sensible force their children to talk well, which will make them nervous and stutter.
Too strict management and too much love are absolutely harmful. Children are often beaten and scolded, and these impressions will stay deeply in their inner world and will suppress their happiness. Monitoring children's inner thoughts often makes them nervous and often leads to stuttering. Family members pay too much attention to children as the center of the family, which will also lead to the one-sided development of children's psychological state and become the center of children's superiority, seriousness, self-confidence, precocity and extreme self, thus preventing children from getting close to the people around them and weakening their adaptability to the environment. Such children may stutter once they enter the group.
Some parents are too strict, and their children are too naughty or do something wrong, so they scold them severely. Especially when children say the wrong thing, suddenly yelling loudly will scare them and make them stutter. In addition, the impact and stimulation of the environment may also lead to stuttering. For example, if parents quarrel and lose their temper, children will suddenly stutter in language.
When communicating with their children, many parents and elders often say some continuous sounds such as "eating", "sleeping" and "peeing", which is also easy for children to imitate learning and form repetitive stuttering habits.
In addition, bad influence at home and discrimination at school may lead to stuttering. For example, parents fight noisily, close friends are unhappy, family members are not harmonious, teachers scold discrimination, and students fight and tease. In short, stuttering can be caused by external stimuli, which can make the mood change dramatically and make the desire to speak unstable.
Five, forcibly correct "left-handed"
People usually refer to the hemisphere that controls speech ability as the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere of right-handed people is on the left, and the dominant hemisphere of left-handed people is on the right. If parents and kindergarten teachers force left-handed children (commonly known as "left-handed") to hold chopsticks and scissors with their right hands, it may lead to brain dysfunction and stuttering in the process of forming a language-dominant hemisphere.
The essence of stuttering is a psychological barrier formed by fear of speaking. The function of reprimanding is to aggravate children's fear of speaking, so that stuttering children have to bear more and more psychological burden every time they speak, which makes their brain activities too intense, and the developing language area is often in a state of chaos, which eventually has a serious impact on the development of the brain.
So parents should not be too sensitive to children's occasional stuttering. When children begin to stutter, they should turn a blind eye, listen but not smell, never remind them, let alone laugh. Speak to him slowly, quietly and in short sentences. Listen carefully to what the child says and give him enough confidence.
Sixth, the impact of the disease.
Diseases can also have an impact on stuttering, especially in early childhood. If the child is ill for a long time, he may stutter during or after the illness. Children's epilepsy, measles, fever, encephalopathy, whooping cough, scarlet fever, purulent diseases, rhinitis, tonsillitis or hypertrophy, etc. , as well as otolaryngology diseases, will affect breathing and vocalization to some extent.
In addition, there are cases of stuttering caused by trauma, such as falls, concussions, fire injuries, car accidents and so on. After the fire broke out in the factory, a young man ran to the scene to put out the fire. After the fire was put out, he was in a coma and his hands and face were badly burned. After being rescued by the hospital, he regained consciousness. At first, he couldn't speak, but later he found it difficult to pronounce and gradually became a stutterer.
However, people who eat whole grains will not get sick. Who didn't get sick when he was young? Why didn't anyone get sick and stutter? If there are no psychological factors, even if I have been sick, I will never stutter until I am old and sick to death. The number of diseases is only the inducing factor. There was a man who stuttered. After one illness, his stuttering became "sick" again. A patient has pneumonia. He has had a high fever for several days and is weak. He was lying in bed, thinking only about pneumonia. He threw the stuttering that he once thought was "the greatest pain" out of the cloud nine, and the psychological barrier of stuttering has disappeared without a trace. When the doctor checked the ward and asked about his illness, although he spoke weakly, he was able to answer like a flowing stream without stuttering at all, which surprised even his family. Through this experience, I know that I can speak fluently, and my spirit is refreshed. I stopped stuttering after that.
Seven, growth factors
The age of stuttering is mostly in early childhood, especially when you can learn to speak and construct simple words. The fastest development of speech and psychology is about three years old, that is, when their inhibition of conditioned reflex is not consolidated enough, followed by school age of about seven years old, that is, when a lot of demands are made on children's speech. The second is adolescence before the age of fifteen. When the organs of the whole body grow rapidly but unevenly in adolescence, the emotions will be disturbed and then gradually decrease. It is rare for adults to eat.
I hate teacher Qiu Shui's thorough study of children's stuttering. You can get to know it sometime.