Political background. As a politician and revolutionary activist, Mao Zedong always shares the fate with the times. Poetry, as a lyric expression, just shows their lives. This word was written in 1925. At that time, the revolutionary movement flourished, the May 30th Movement and the general strikes in various provinces and ports broke out one after another, the peasant movement in Hunan and Guangdong was in the ascendant, the United front of the two parties had been established, and the National Revolutionary Government had been formally established in Guangzhou. However, within the * * * production party, there are differences about who will lead the revolutionary United front. This word can be said to be the answer to this question.
The first part of this word describes the beautiful and spectacular Qiu Jingtu of Xiangjiang River, and then puts forward "Let's ask the boundless earth; Who is in charge of deep floating? "The poet expressed his thoughts on the ownership of revolutionary leadership by asking who should dominate the ups and downs of nature. In Xia Gan, after recalling the revolutionary struggle life in youth, the author wrote: "Do you remember that you hit the water in the middle stream and the waves stopped the flying boat?" This is a question, in fact, it is a clever answer to "the ups and downs of the Lord." Just like hitting water in the middle of the year, bravely join the revolutionary storm, go forward bravely, and shoulder the great responsibility of dominating the destiny and future of the country.
In modern society, people don't like to understand problems from the political level because of the publicity of personality. As politicians and poets, it is normal to reflect on political issues in poetry. Such as Cao Cao's "Short Songs":
Calling for Song one after another, how many days do we have? For example, morning dew is much more difficult to go to Japan.
Be generous, and your troubles will be unforgettable. How to solve your worries? Only Du Kang.
Qingqing is your collar, YY is my miss. But for your sake, I've thought it over.
Yo yo Luming Literature, wild velvet. I have a group of good guests, playing the piano and playing the piano.
When is it as clear as the moon? The troubles come from this and cannot be cut off.
The weirder, the more useless. Talk about banquets and miss old thoughts.
There are few stars on the moon, and blackbirds fly south. Turn around the tree three times, what branches can you rely on?
The mountain will never be too high and the water will never be too deep. The duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to the heart.
Cao Cao relied on the emperor to establish princes and became the actual ruler of the north. Short songs are full of emotion and sad style, expressing the author's distress over the fleeting time and endless achievements, and expressing his desire to recruit talents and help them make contributions.
As a politician and poet, Mao Zedong's personal feelings are often expressed in the feelings of his motherland.
This is our analysis of this word from the political level.
We look at the poet's political fate from the career level. 1925 65438+ 10/0122, the fourth national congress of China * * * production party was held in Shanghai. Not only did Mao Zedong not attend, but even the members were elected. 1958, Mao Zedong made some "self-notes" on his poems. He once said, "1927, on the eve of the failure of the Great Revolution, I felt sad and at a loss." Engaging in revolutionary activities is what poets pursue. At this time, the poet suffered the first blow in his career: he was expelled from the Party by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. What kind of mental outlook does the poet maintain in the face of setbacks? We understand poetry by interpreting the word "independence".
How to understand "independence in autumn"? Independence is "loneliness"? Is it "solitary, inseparable"? Look at the following, "Xiangjiang River goes north, Orange Island". In late autumn, the poet stood alone in Orange Island, watching the Xiangjiang River running day and night. The poem "Xiang Jiang Bei Qu" adds heroism, and even reminds people of Su Shi's "No Return to One River", erasing the feeling of "loneliness". Syntactically, this is an ellipsis sentence with abnormal word order. Why use this sentence pattern? This has a lot to do with the restriction of poetry by meter. Compared with the normal word order, this word order enhances the indescribable fluency, rhythm and taste beauty. This kind of beauty is not Li Yu's "how much sorrow can there be?" Just like a river flowing eastward, this is not Du Fu's "flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in a vast, vast world!" ".This is an independent picture of the great man Xiangjiang River. The poet is exposed to the vast autumn water and the sky, revealing a noble spirit. We can also look down: "Look at the mountains, the forests are all red; The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow. The eagle is in the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frost fight for freedom. "What kind of scenery is this? Colorful Qiu Jingtu. Looking at the mountains from afar, the forests are picturesque; Looking at the autumn water of the river, it is green and clear, and countless ships are rushing to drive; Looking up, the eagle is flying high in the sky; Bow your head and the fish are swimming briskly in the river. Everything in the universe stretches freely and grows vigorously in autumn. This picture is a combination of far and near, dynamic and static. All the scenery is sentimental, and such colorful scenery just shows the colorful spiritual world of the lyric hero.
In the next chapter, I wrote: "I traveled with a hundred couples and recalled the past years." The poet recalled walking and swimming in Orange Island with his classmates and comrades-in-arms and talking about world events. The heart is there, the dream is there; Heart is there, hope is there; My heart is there, and so are my friends. However, as long as China keeps our friendship, heaven will remain our neighbor. A person with friends will always feel warm. Besides, poets and their friends have such exciting years. "Just classmates and teenagers, in their prime; The scholar was furious and cursed Fang Qiu. " In these eventful years, the author and his classmates, such as Cai Hesen, He Shuheng and Zhang Kundi, are young, radiant, brilliant, full of vigor and enthusiasm. "Pointing the way, making bold remarks, manure was in Wan Huhou that year." This is the further concretization of "eventful years" and "reprimanding Fang Qiu". Faced with the beautiful scenery of "all mountains are red all over the place", they not only admire the magnificence of splendid rivers and mountains, but also lament the destruction of great rivers and mountains. Therefore, he published articles that were violent, attacked the darkness, preached the truth, and despised warlords like dirt. During this period, Hunan Students' Federation and Xinmin Society were organized in Changsha, evening classes for civilians, cultural bookstores and self-study universities were set up in Hunan, and they took part in activities against Yuan Shikai's accession to the throne and led the expulsion of Zhang and other warlords. In particular, the establishment of Xiangjiang Review and Marxist Research Association made ideological and organizational preparations for the establishment of the China * * * production party in 192 1.
"Do you remember that you hit the water in the middle stream and the waves stopped the flying boat?" After the narration, the poet further expressed his personal feelings. "Do you remember" is a distant and cordial greeting to your classmates and a deep memory. At the same time, it is also an inspiration for themselves and all revolutionaries to carry forward their vigorous vitality, go forward bravely, fight the storm and become the mainstay of the revolution. Therefore, the "independence" of "cold autumn independence" is not unique, but the poet's active pursuit of life in his enthusiastic concern for nature and sincere concern for the fate of his home country.
We can see that when personal career suffers setbacks, the poet is still struggling to move forward, and the more frustrated he is, the more brave he is. "I am confident that if I live for 200 years, I will be hit by water for three thousand miles."
The poet's personal destiny.
The poet entered Hunan twice in 1923 and 1925, both of which were pursued by the warlord Zhao Heng Xunwu who ruled Hunan at that time. In his own words, "in just a few months, we organized more than 20 peasant associations, and at the same time aroused the resentment of the landlords and demanded that I be arrested. Governor Zhao sent troops to arrest me, and I fled to Guangzhou. " (Autobiography of Mao Zedong) Fleeing to Guangzhou refers to a poet who went to Guangzhou in the late autumn of 1925 to preside over the peasant movement workshop.
Under the above background, we understand this word.
"Independent and cold autumn", from the personal level, "independence" is an independent and uninhibited personality, calm and calm. It is the mainstay of the rapid torrent of personal destiny. This is commendable.
Not only that, let's look at a few more words.
"Mountains and plains; The forest is dyed, the word "ten thousand" describes the mountain, and the word "times" describes the width of the red. " Layers of forest are completely dyed "and" layers "show the overlapping of forests, and the word" dyed "vividly describes the maple forest around Yuelu Mountain, as if it were artificially dyed. "Man Man" describes the power of the river flooding, "Head" indicates the river is green and clear, and "Hundred" describes many "Ge" and "Dou" which add a high-spirited and enterprising atmosphere to full of green and dusty rivers, vividly show the warm scene of Qian Fan competing for the first place, and accurately describe the vigorous and brave posture of the eagle flapping its wings quickly and forcefully. "Xiang" accurately describes the ambition of birds to hover and fly back, rather than flapping their wings to describe fish swimming in the water in a free and brisk way.
From the application of this first word, we can observe Mao Zedong's vast inner world and colorful spiritual vision, which is not only a struggle in adversity, but also a bright color in the poet's gray experience, a colorful background, a philosophical thinking of "facing the sea, blooming in spring" and "if winter comes, can spring be far behind", which is a spring in the poet's heart in winter. Therefore, when faced with life threats, he can be "independent from the cold and autumn" and "indifferent and broad", and can make an inspiring voice of "remember whether to hit the water in the middle stream or not, and don't let the ship fly".
We can't simply understand the poet's struggle as "let the storm come more violently!" A simple and thin cry. Contact the poet's previous poems, let's take a look at the poet's mental journey.
Seven-syllable/seven-syllable quatrain
Yongwa
1949 (16 years old)
Sitting alone by the pool like a tiger, watching the wake under the shade tree.
If I don't speak first in spring, which bug dares to be quiet.
Mao Zedong is studying in Dongshan Academy. Most of his classmates are dude, dressed in luxury, and look down on Mao Zedong, who comes from poor countries and wears shabby clothes. Due to his estrangement from many classmates, Mao Zedong was somewhat depressed mentally, and from time to time he felt a kind of "unpredictable" loneliness. Mao Zedong wrote this poem. This poem describes the frog's environment, image and mentality, and uses ideographic methods to show Mao Zedong's ambition and mind since he was a teenager. It can also be said that he is domineering, showing his imperial spirit when he was very young.
19 10 autumn, Mao Zedong's "Four Exquisites, Giving Father" reflected the further development of the poet's thought;
The child is determined to go to the countryside, or he will not return if he succeeds.
Buried bones don't pass through mulberry fields, and life is everywhere.
This poem lacks the emotional catharsis of the poem "Chanting Frog" when personal circumstances are unsatisfactory, and more embodies the poet's persistent pursuit of ideals. Mao Zedong wanted to go out to study, but his father didn't support him, but he left home without hesitation.
When writing this poem, it was already 1925. Compared with the three, his spirit is richer, his ambition is clearer and his personality is more perfect. Poets constantly develop and enrich themselves in their own lives. This is the true meaning of life. Only developed people can correctly treat the ups and downs of personal destiny. Proud but not carried away, sad but not discouraged, "no matter how big the storm is, it is better than walking in a pavilion." This is very enlightening to us. This saves us from keeping pace with the times, step by step, layer by layer. Remember, always enrich yourself, live endlessly, and avoid unnecessary tragedies in life. Just like a Harvard student who committed suicide in China, this Tsinghua University student had a pleasant trip in China, and won unanimous praise from his parents, teachers and classmates. But when he arrived at Harvard, he suddenly became poor and hurt himself. This year, there were three incidents of students falling from buildings in Peking University. The reasons were not terrible, but frustration in feelings, life and career. These are really painful events. If from the perspective of development, frustration is not the ultimate goal, but a sharpening stone to enrich oneself, how can you commit suicide because of frustration? Suicide shows the pallor or even nothingness of life. "Cowardly people don't even have the courage to commit suicide", this sentence is all wet. Any suicide to life is irresponsible, disrespectful to life, destructive to fresh life and despicable!
Poetry expresses ambition, and songs express ambition. In the booming revolutionary situation, in the unsatisfactory personal political situation, and in the danger of life being threatened, Mao Zedong sang a high-spirited song of determination for us.