The definition in the modern Chinese dictionary is: a dual sentence written on paper, cloth or carved on bamboo, wood or pillars.
Couplets, also known as couplets, are a type of antithetical literature that originate from peach symbols and also rhyme. It can be roughly divided into poetry couplets and prose couplets, and strict distinction between large and small parts of speech is relative. It can be seen that it is a fundamental mistake to say that "couplets originate from rhymed poetry". The antithesis of traditional couplets is neater than that of so-called poetic couplets.
With the rise of poetry in the Tang Dynasty, prose couplets were excluded. Prose couplets are generally informal, do not avoid heavy words, do not overemphasize the corresponding parts of speech, and do not lose the contrast.
The second couplet uses foreign objects to respond to it, either to reconcile its meaning or to refute its meaning. Couplets with profound meanings and prose couplets cannot be said to be impossible. Rhyme is one of the basic elements of poetry rhythm. When poets use rhyme in their poems, it is called rhyme. From the Book of Songs to later generations, there are almost no poems that do not rhyme. Most people can detect whether a poem has rhyme or not. As for explaining what rhyme is, it's not that simple. However, today we have the Chinese Pinyin alphabet, and it is easy to explain the concept of rhyme. The so-called rhyme in poetry is roughly equivalent to the so-called final in pinyin. The so-called rhyme is to put two or more words with the same rhyme in the same position. It is usually placed at the end of the sentence, so it is also called "rhyme". Example: Sleeping in spring without waking up at dawn (xiǎo), you can hear the singing of birds (niǎo) everywhere. The sound of wind and rain comes at night, and you know how many flowers have fallen (shǎo). From the example, we can see that the characters "xiao", "niao" and "shao" rhyme, because their final rhyme is "ǎo", while the word "sheng" in the second sentence does not rhyme. According to the rhythm of poetry, the third line of a four-line poem like this does not rhyme. The first sentence can be pledged or not. The purpose of rhyme is to harmonize sounds. The repetition of similar musical tones in the same position constitutes the beauty of the loop of sound. The poems of the ancients were all written according to the rhyme book. However, due to the passage of time, the pronunciation of modern and ancient has changed greatly. It is no longer appropriate to write poems according to the rhyme book of the ancients, and if it is not done well, it will cause an awkward feeling. So when we write poems today, we only need to use the rhyme and rhyme of Mandarin. The four tones and four tones here refer to the four tones in ancient Chinese. If we want to know the four tones, we must first know how the tones are composed. Tone, this is a characteristic of Chinese. The pitch, rise and fall, and length of pronunciation constitute the tone of Chinese. Take Mandarin tones as an example, *** has four tones: Yinping tone is a high-level tone (not rising or falling, it is called flat); Yangping tone is a middle-rising tone (not high, not low, called middle); and upper tone is a A low rising tone (sometimes a low flat tone); the falling tone is a high falling tone. Ancient Chinese also had four tones, but they were not exactly the same as those in Mandarin today. The four ancient tones are: (1) Ping tones. This tone differentiated into Yinping and Yangping in later generations. (2) Upsound. In later generations, part of this tone became a falling tone. (3) Quiet. This tone will still be lost to future generations. (4) Enter the sound. This tone is a short tone. In modern Jiangjian, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places, the sound of entering is still preserved. In most spoken languages ??in the north and southwest, the entering tone has disappeared. As far as Mandarin is concerned, most of the characters with the input tone have been changed into the characters with the falling tone, some have been changed into the characters with the rising tone, and the least have been changed into the characters with the rising tone. The shape of the rise and fall of the four tones in ancient times is no longer known in detail. According to tradition, the flat tone should be a mid-level tone, the ascending tone should be a rising tone, the falling tone should be a falling tone, and the entering tone should be a short tone. "Kangxi Dictionary" contains a song formula at the front, called "Four Tones Method": Don't raise your voice low and raise your voice loudly, and shout loudly and loudly. The sound of leaving is clear and sad, and the sound of entering is short and urgent. Vividly describe the high and low shapes of the four tones. Ping-Zhi Ping-Zi is a term for poetry rhythm: the poet divides the four tones into two categories: Ping-Zhi, which means Ping tones, and Di, which means going up to the third tone. 廄, according to the literal meaning, means uneven. Why should we divide it into equal parts? Because the flat tone has no rise and fall, but the other three tones have rise and fall. If these two types of tones are intertwined in poetry, the tones can be diversified instead of monotonous. The use of ping and ki in poetry can be summarized in two sentences: 1. ping and ki are alternating in this sentence; 2. 平 and 廄 are opposite in the couplet. For example, Wang Zhihuan's "Climbing the Stork Tower": The sun sets over the mountains and the Yellow River flows into the sea. If you want to see a thousand miles away, go to the next level. The meaning of this poem is: 仄仄\平平\仄, 平平\任仄\平. Ping Ping Ping\仄仄, Ping Ping Ping\Ping Ping. It can be seen from the above that the first sentence of this poem is in a straight-up style and does not fit into the rhyme. The whole poem alternates between oblique and oblique, and the couplets are in opposition to oblique and oblique, which completely conforms to the rules of oblique and oblique. The rules of equivalence are easy to understand, but how to distinguish equivalence is a bit troublesome. Because of the age and the differences in local dialects. In some places, the Ru tone has disappeared, and some ancient characters that read the Ru tone may today be read as Yinping and Yangping, which makes it difficult to distinguish between Ping and Ze. In my personal opinion, when we write poems today, we only need to distinguish the levels and tones according to the four tones of Mandarin. Because there is really no need to stick to form and hinder writing poetry. The antithesis in antithesis poetry is called antithesis. What is the duality? Duality is the juxtaposition of similar concepts or opposing concepts. For example: There are three or four sentences in Li Shangyin's poem "Jin Se": "Zhuang Sheng dreamed of butterflies at dawn, and looked forward to the emperor's spring heart with cuckoos." Zhuang Sheng to Wangdi, Xiaomeng to Chunxin, Fan to Tuo, and Butterfly to Cuckoo. Not only are the oblique and oblique words relative to each other, but the parts of speech should also be relative to each other. Zhuangsheng and Wangdi are nouns, and Tuo and Mi are verbs. Xiaomeng and Chunxin are nouns.
Antithesis is a rhetorical device, and its function is to form neat beauty. It is customary to call the upper sentence a sentence and the next sentence a couplet. There are rules for duality. The rules are: 1. The elegance of the sentence and the couplet are opposite; 2. The words of the sentence and the words of the couplet cannot be repeated. Couplets evolved from the antiphons in rhymed poetry, so they must also meet the above two standards.