Chinese name: Yuan Haowen
Alias: the word Yu Zhi,No. Yishan, Mr. Yishan
Faith: Taoism
Gender: male
Nationality: Han nationality (descendants of Xianbei)
Nationality: Jin Guo
Time: Late Jin Dynasty and Early Yuan Dynasty
Birthplace: Xiurong, Taiyuan (now Xinzhou, Shanxi)
Date of birth: 90 AD, time of death: 257 AD.
Occupation: writer, poet, historian
Achievements: He wrote many well-known poems.
Representative works: Qiu Yan Ci, Linjiang Fairy, Rain Beats New Lotus, etc.
Brief introduction of Yuan Haowen
Yuan Haowen (AD 90? 257 years), the word Yu, named Yishan, Taiyuan (now Xinzhou, Shanxi) Xiurong people. He was a famous writer, poet, historian and literary leader in the late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. He is the main representative of northern literature during the confrontation between Song and Jin Dynasties, and also a bridge between Jin and Yuan Dynasties. He is known as "northern Xiong Wen" and "a generation of literati", and his poems, essays and ci poems. Yuan Haowen also wrote novels, including four volumes of 202 short stories "Continued Jane Yi Zhi", of which 197 were actually written except four without words and one with incomplete content. From the continuation of Jian Yizhi and Yuan Haowen's other poems, we find that his thoughts and literary creation are deeply influenced by Liezi. His 30 quatrains in On Poetry are very important in the history of China's literary criticism.
A Brief Introduction to Yuan Haowen's Life
In the first year of Ming Chang in Jin Zhangzong (90), Yuan Haowen was born in a feudal scholar-bureaucrat family in rural Xinzhou. Because the second and third uncles have no sons, Yuan Haowen has three brothers. He is the third. Rooted in the tradition of China, his uncle Ge Yuan (later Yuan Haowen called him Governor of Longcheng) regarded him as an adopted son seven months after his birth, and immediately took him to the position of magistrate in Yexian County. Yuan Haowen is brilliant and clever. He can write poetry at the age of seven and is known as a "child prodigy". At the age of eleven, my stepfather worked in Jizhou. Yuan Haowen was appreciated by Hanlin Bachelor and Xuan Lu, and learned to smell drums. Xuan Lu "loves his handsomeness and coolness, and teaches him to be a writer".
At the age of fourteen, Yuan Haowen studied under Hao Jinqing in Lingchuan, and extensively dabbled in classics and history. When Yuan Haowen was 17 years old, his successor father Ge Yuan was ordered to leave Lingchuan, but for the sake of his son's studies, he continued Lingchuan until Yuan Haowen finished his studies at the age of 19 and left Lingchuan with his family.
Yuan Haowen began to take the imperial examination at the age of sixteen. Because Jin Zhangzong was "exempted from having obtained the provincial examination" in the first year of Ming Chang, he went directly to Bing to take the provincial examination, but he was not on the list. After that, when 19 years old (2008), he went to Chang 'an to take the government exam, but this time he failed.
Yuan Haowen returned to his hometown at the age of 21 and studied in Yishan, Dingxiang, dozens of miles away from the ancestral temple, hence the name "Yishan Mountain Man". Two years later, the Mongolian army raided Xiurong, killing more than ten thousand people and his younger brother Yuan. In order to avoid the military disaster, Yuan Haowen moved his family to Fuchang, Henan Province, and then moved to Dengfeng.
In the first year of Wang Chongqing (222), Yuan Haowen was twenty-three years old. He took the exam in Zhongdu for the third time, but he still failed. In the first month of this year, Jin 300,000 troops were defeated by Mongolia, and Mongolia approached Zhongdu. The road is rough, the country is in danger, and the failure in the exam makes him very depressed and worried.
Zhen Youju is two years old (24 years old) and Yuan Haowen is 25 years old. Mongols besieged, nomads retreated, and Jin Xuanzong moved to Nanjing in a hurry. Yuan Haowen went to Tingjing this summer to prepare for the exam to be held in autumn. Although he failed in the list again, he passed the examination in the capital of song dynasty, and was able to make friends with Zhao Bingwen, Yang, Li Yan and other famous human rights figures in China, and his poetry creation was extremely rich. Among them, JiShan, QinTai in Lu Yuan County, etc. , won the recognition of Zhao Bingwen, the minister of does, and their titles shook the capital, known as "Yuan gifted scholars". But soon due to the siege of Mongolian soldiers, Yuan Haowen had to flee from Shanxi to Henan and gradually settled in western Henan. After that, Yuan Haowen was 28 years old (27 years old) and went to Beijing to catch the exam, and fell out of the list again.
In the fifth year of Xingding (22 years), Yuan Haowen, a 32-year-old Jinshi Ji, was falsely named "party member in Yuanshi County" because of a dispute in the imperial examination class, so he angrily refused to choose. Three years later, 35-year-old Yuan Haowen received a tribute from Zhao Bingwen and others, and won the China Imperial Examination with excellent examination results. Yuan Haowen was officially selected after being awarded the first prize in the macro-character department, and was appointed as the editor of the Institute of National History of Quanguo. He stayed in Bianjing as an official, but his life was quite poor.
At the age of 36 (225), Yuan Haowen returned to Dengfeng because he was dissatisfied with the life of an honest official. During this period, he wrote an important book "On Du Fu's Poems", which included Du Fu's life, chronicle and comments on Du Fu's poems since the Tang Dynasty. In the third year of Zheng Da, Yuan Haowen was appointed as the county magistrate of Zhenping. The following year, he was appointed as the county magistrate of Neixiang, Henan Province. Soon, his mother Zhang died and his eldest son was born. Yuan Hao asked Ding You to live in Bailuyuan, the hometown of Neixiang, and was invited by Deng to be transferred to the post of staff.
But soon the Mongols captured Fengxiang, Deng surrendered, and Yuan Haowen took the opportunity to resign from the shogunate. In the eighth year of Zheng Da, Yuan Haowen was transferred to Wanxian County, where he made drastic reforms and achieved remarkable results. Therefore, Henan local chronicles said that he "knows Nanyang County and is especially good at governance".
Shortly thereafter, Yuan Haowen went to Beijing to transfer gold, and the Central Committee * * * was appointed as the history of Shangshu Province and moved to Bianjing. Since then, he has been promoted to the general manager of Zuosi and transferred to Zuosi Yuanwailang in Shangshu Province. In the second year of Tianxing (233), the Mongolian army surrounded Kaifeng, and Yuan Haowen was in the besieged city. Jin Aizong fled the capital, defeated Weizhou and fled to the German government. When North Korea had no owner, Cui Li led his army to dedicate the city to Mongolia. After Cui Li surrendered to Mongolia, he coerced courtiers to erect a monument to praise him, and Yuan Haowen, Wang Ruoxu and Liu Qi were all forced to take part in the inscription, grinding off the handwriting of "Ganlu Monument" erected by Song Huizong and carving it into an inscription.
In April of the second year of Jin Aizong (233), Yuan Haowen recommended 54 profile figures of Yuan Haowen, such as Wang Ruoxu, a scholar from the Central Plains, to Lu Yechu, then the secretariat of Mongolia, and invited Lu Yechu to protect his appointment.
After Jin's death, Yuan Haowen was captured with a large number of officials, taken to Liaocheng, Shandong Province for two years, and then lived in Guanshi County. As a prisoner, Yuan Haowen traveled with his family to Liaocheng and other places in Shandong Province, and gradually got in touch with the leaders of the Mongolian Han army such as Yan Yan and Zhao Tianxi. His life gradually improved and his actions became more free. During this period, he was saddened by the downfall of the State of Jin and the traitors' mistakes in the country, and in order to preserve history with poetry, he tirelessly edited the Collection of Poems of the Late Monarch and Minister of the State of Jin-Zhongzhou Collection.
In the autumn of the 11th year of Wokuotai (239), his poems were quite famous. Lu Ye, an important official of Kublai Khan in Yuan Shizu, gave a brilliant performance and accepted Yuan Haowen wholeheartedly. But Yuan Haowen has no intention of being an official. At the age of 50, he returned to his hometown, lived in seclusion, made friends in all directions, and devoted himself to compiling works. Yuan Xianzong died in Luyuan in September of the seventh year (257) at the age of 68.
Yuan Haowen's Life Evaluation