Generally speaking, Bai Juyi's satirical poems have the following artistic characteristics:
First, language is easy to understand, but it can also inspire people. His poems are good at narration, but he is also good at using one or two epigrams to control the whole article, so as to achieve the effect of shallow words and profound meanings and seeing strange warnings in plain words. For example, the first sentence of 14 of "Light Fat" is about the generosity of powerful people, and the last two sentences are: "There is a drought in the south of the Yangtze River, and people in Quzhou eat people." Comparing two different lives, I was shocked. The sentence 16 before "Buying Flowers" describes the scene of luxury and scrambling to buy flowers in Chang 'an. Finally, it ended with Tian She Weng's exclamation: "Ten families are blessed when they come from the shadows." It is very alarming to reveal that this extravagant and wasteful life is based on exploitation. Another example is "Stripping my clothes and buying your instant pet" in Fu, and "I don't know the warmth of the ground, so don't dress as lichen" in Red Line Carpet. , are very warning sentences. Liu Xizai's "Outline of Art" said: "Common sayings are easy, strange words are difficult, and this poem is also at the beginning. Strange words are easy, but common sayings are difficult, so this poem is also important. Xiangshan is often strange, and this situation is not easy. "
Second, narrative, narrative, lyric, and discussion. Baishi is good at narration, but he also combines narration with lyricism. There are three ways to do this. First, there are feelings in the narrative. Although there are no lyrical sentences in the poem, there are feelings in the narrative, such as Selling Charcoal Weng. The second is to replace the lyricism of the characters with the first-person tone, such as Shang Yang's White-haired Man. The third is to express emotions directly after the narrative, that is, "the pawn shows his will", such as "Red Carpet". In addition, the narrative of Bai poetry has another feature, that is, the context is clear and the twists and turns are vivid, which is the best in Selling Charcoal Weng.
Third, Bai Juyi is also good at portraying characters. For example, Xinfeng Broken-arm Weng, Selling Charcoal Weng and Shang Yang White-haired Man are all good at depicting similar fate and different personality characteristics of characters. This is another development of Bai Juyi's poetic art. If we compare Du Fu's "Military Vehicle Shop" with the white "Xinfeng Brokeback Weng", we can see its characteristics.
However, Bai Juyi's poems also have some shortcomings: first, the rhetoric is complicated and concise, and second, the rhetoric is intense and implicit. Make everything detailed, leaving little room for readers' imagination. Too much discussion will inevitably destroy the image of poetry and weaken its artistic strength.
However, popular poetry is easy to spread and has great influence. Bai Juyi's "Nine Books with Yuan" said: "From Chang 'an to Jiangxi for three or four thousand miles, there are often people who study in rural areas, Buddhist temples, travel against tourists and go boating. Scholars, monks, widows and virgins often have servants who sing poems. "The spread is unprecedented. His poems had spread abroad before his death. At that time, there were writers in Silla and Japan, which had great influence on Japanese poetry.
Bai Juyi's later creation
Let's take a look at Bai Juyi's later creation. In Bai Juyi's later poetry creation, leisure life became his main content. His leisurely poems have a great influence on later generations. Bai Juyi worships Tao Yuanming very much. When he lived in seclusion in Shangwei, he wrote sixteen poems of Xiao Tao's seclusion and visited Tao Yuanming's former residence in Jiangzhou. However, although his leisurely poems also pursue a natural and indifferent, long and peaceful style, they are not as simple as Tao's poems, some are bright, some are long and interesting, and the language is superficial and fluent. For example, "Peach Blossom in Dalin Temple": "In April, the beauty of the world is exhausted, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple are blooming. I hate that spring is nowhere to be found and I don't know where to go. " This poem not only describes the surprise of seeing a peach blossom blooming late in a mountain temple, but also contains the so-called "peerless" interest in the world.