Modern Translation of Ancient Poetry
When will the annual spring flowers and autumn moon end? I know how many things happened! There was a spring breeze blowing in the small building last night. How can I bear the pain of missing my hometown in this bright night?
Carefully carved railings and jade steps should still be there, but the scarlet color has changed. If you want to ask me how much sadness I have in my heart, it's like this endless spring water rolling east.
Enjoy 1
This word was written about the third year after Li Yu returned to Song Dynasty. The undisguised thought of the old country is revealed in the ci, which is said to be one of the reasons that prompted Song Taizong to order the poisoning of Li Yu. Then, it is equivalent to Li Yu's desperate words.
Whole word question and answer; From asking people to asking themselves, through the intense tone of sadness and the free and tortuous artistic structure, the author's melancholy thoughts run through, forming a refreshing aesthetic effect.
It is true that Li Yu's homesickness may not be worthy of sympathy, and the past he misses is also inseparable from the imperial life of the "jade carving" and the secrets of the palace. But this famous masterpiece is unique in art:
Most of Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon are beautiful, but the author sincerely hopes that it will "disappear" as soon as possible. The "east wind" in the small building brought the information of spring, but it caused the author's "unbearable sigh" on the contrary, because they all evoked the author's feelings about changed things, expressed his anxiety about being imprisoned in a foreign country, and used to describe the author's mood of changing from a perfect match to a long song and crying prisoner.
The conclusion "A river flows eastward" is a famous sentence that uses water as a metaphor for sadness, which implicitly shows the endless flow of sadness. In contrast, Liu Yuxi's Zhuzhi Ci is a little stiff, while Qin Guan's Jiangchengzi is full of tears, gushing and preoccupied, which weakens the touching power.
It can be said that the word Li Yu is widely used because, to a great extent, the sentence is based on infectious and symbolic metaphors, which makes the sad thought vivid and abstract: the author does not clearly write the true connotation of his sad thought-recalling the happy life in the past, but only shows its external form-"like a river flowing eastward." In this way, people can easily get some kind of spiritual resonance from it and use it to express their similar feelings. Because although people's troubles have different connotations, they can all have the external form of "just like a river flowing eastward" Because "image is often greater than thought", the word Li has produced a wide range of * * * sounds and has been circulated through the ages.
Appreciate II
As a "good wine, indifferent to politics" monarch, Li Yu failed; However, it was the subjugation of the country that made him the "Southern King" in the world of ancient ci (Shen Xiong's ancient and modern ci). As the saying goes, "the unfortunate poets of the country are lucky, and words begin to play a role in the vicissitudes of life." Young Beauty is a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages.
This word depicts a strong yearning for the motherland and achieves an artistic effect that makes the gods cry. "Spring flowers and autumn moon", the things that most easily evoke people's beautiful associations, made Li Yu doubly annoyed. He really complained to the sky: when will the spring bloom and the autumn moon be full? Reading a word makes people curious. However, as long as we imagine the poet's situation, it is not difficult to understand: a monarch who is above the sword, these beautiful things will only make him feel sad and remind him of the good life in the past, and the comparison between the past and the present will only make him sad. Ask yourself, "How much do you know about the past?" "The past" refers to the good life when I was king in the past, but everything has disappeared and become illusory. The spring of nature has gone and come again, but why is the spring of life gone forever? "The small building was easterly again last night, and the country could not bear to look back at the middle of next month." The "East Wind" brings the message of spring, but it makes the poet sigh "I can't bear to look back" and "the voice of national subjugation is mourning for thinking", which is probably the only way. Let's imagine: in the dead of night, the moonlight is blowing gently, and the sleepless people trapped in the small building can't help looking from the railing, facing the direction of their homeland, how much sadness comes to mind. Who can stand this situation? The word "you" contains much helplessness and sadness! The east wind has entered again, indicating that the spring flowers and the autumn moon have not ended and will continue; And I still have to linger and suffer. "The old country can't bear to look back in the middle of the month" is the inversion of "the old country can't bear to look back in the middle of the month". "I can't bear to look back," but I did. Looking back, "the jade fence should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed it." In my imagination, the mountains and rivers and the old palace of the old country are still there, but things are different and the mountains and rivers change hands; When I think about it, how much sadness and hatred are there. The word "just", with a sigh, conveys a sense of infinite regret.
The above six sentences are quite ingenious in structure. Several times, two-phase contrast and alternate sentences are used to echo, repeatedly emphasizing the cycle of nature and the fleeting life, which is full of philosophical meaning and deep feelings. One or two sentences compare the endless spring flowers and autumn moon with things that are gone forever in the world; A comparison between The East Wind Rises Again and The Old Country Can't Turn Back: A comparison between "should be maintained" and "change" in five or six sentences. The East Wind Rises Again and Should Still Be There echo Dang; I can't bear to look back and Zhu Yan has changed echoed the past. Such contrast and repetition vividly convey the ups and downs and worries of the poet's mind.
Finally, the poet was furious and became a famous sentence, "How worried can I be about you?" Like a river flowing eastward. "Using water as a metaphor for sorrow can be described as" the ancients came first, then the newcomers ". Liu Yuxi's Zhi Zhu Ci "Water infinite flow is like sorrow", and Qin Guan's "Jiangchengzi Xicheng Liu Yang Nongchunrou" is like a spring river full of tears. These poems are either understated or straightforward, and they are not as touching as "A River Flowing East", so they are called "true sad words". Comparing melancholy to "a river of spring water" makes abstract emotions vivid and sensible. Sadness is like spring, overflowing and unrestrained; Another example is the spring water, which goes on day and night. Formally, the nine words are even and flat, which read like the ups and downs of spring water, and fully express the depth and strength of feelings in the rising flow. Ending with such expressive words greatly enhances the appeal of the work. When the pages are closed, the reader seems to be overwhelmed by this endless sadness.
The whole poem expresses the pain of national subjugation, with profound artistic conception, sincere feelings, exquisite structure and fresh language; Although the words are short, they are memorable. It is no wonder that Wang Guowei commented: "The words of the Tang and Five Dynasties have no articles. Famous poets in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote articles without sentences. There is a saying that after the Song Dynasty, there were only Li Houzhu's works, as well as Yong Shu, Zi Zhan, Shao You, Mei Cheng and Jia Xuan. " (40% of "Tales on Earth" was deleted)
[Appreciation]
Li Yu was the last monarch of the Southern Tang Dynasty in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and was known as "Li Houzhu" and "Empress of the Tang Dynasty" in history. This word is Li Yu's sigh about his life experience and experience, telling his helplessness and pain in life.
This word was written by Li Yu when he was imprisoned in Bianjing. At that time, Li Yu changed from a monarch in the Southern Tang Dynasty to a prisoner in the Song Dynasty, losing not only the supreme status and power of the emperor, but also the minimum personal freedom. The cruel reality makes him "Lacrimosa" day by day, which makes him have a unique sadness and sorrow. This word pours out the author's nostalgia for the pain of national subjugation and his lament for Zhu Yan's changed feelings.
"Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon" and "East Wind" in the small building were originally pleasing to the eye, but the meaning in Li Yu's works has changed. A "dang" and a "you" cast a layer of bitterness and sadness on the beautiful scenery and intoxicating information of spring that was originally desirable and expected. The reason is that the more beautiful this beautiful scenery is, the easier it is to trigger the author's nostalgia and homesickness. "The old country can't bear to look back", and even recalling the past of the old country is "unbearable". How can you want to see the spring flowers, the autumn moon and the east wind in spring? Once every cycle, that means another year in prison. This is inseparable from Li Yu's situation at that time.
"Ask how sad you are? It's like a river flowing eastward, which makes people worry about what their predecessors didn't have. Using the clever metaphor of expressing sorrow with water to visualize and concretize abstract feelings, turning invisible and unavoidable worries into tangible and endless spring water, and creating unexpected artistic effects has become the main feature of Li Yu's ci, which has a great influence on later generations. The works are full of twists and turns, such as weeping and complaining, and touching.
The whole poem describes the pain of national subjugation and expresses homesickness, with profound artistic conception, sincere feelings, exquisite structure and profound language. Although the lyrics are short, they are memorable and can make readers have a strong sound. It is a masterpiece of graceful and restrained work.
Learning objectives Feel the hatred of national subjugation in Li Yu's ci and think about the motherland.
Appreciate the profound artistic conception and sincere emotional beauty of Li Yu's ci.
Interpreting the Artistic Features of Li Yu's Poems "Visualizing Abstract Emotion"
Learning focus: Understand the artistic characteristics of Li Yu's ci "visual abstract emotion"
Appreciate the profound artistic beauty and sincere emotional beauty of Li Yu's ci.
I introduction of the author and his lyrics
Li Yu, known as the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty in history. But the Five Dynasties are the most accomplished poets. In the first half of his life, he was extravagant and extravagant, and his words mostly expressed the feelings of court, men and women and parting. After the subjugation of the country to the Song Dynasty, he was labeled as a disobedient Hou, and his writing turned to loneliness and desolation, writing more about his yearning for the motherland and his hatred for the subjugation of the country. This word expresses deep nostalgia for the old country. According to legend, Li Yu was poisoned by Song Taizong for ordering geisha to sing this word on Qixi night, so this word became his desperate word.
"Being a talented person is really unparalleled, being a poor and unlucky king."
Yulouchun (Li Yu)
At the beginning of the evening makeup, there is snow, and the spring palace is filed. The water was blown away by the flute and the song was played again. Who smells better in the wind, drunk. Don't dye the candles red when you come back, until you step on a horseshoe to clear jathyapple.
This is the work of Li Yu when she was the queen of the Southern Tang Dynasty. The words express Li Yu's happy mood of enjoying happiness, happiness and romantic life in the luxurious and rich court by sketching.
Representatives of early words:
Meet each other (crying at night) (Li Yu)
Alone in the west wing, the moon is like a hook. Lonely phoenix tree deep courtyard locks clear autumn. Cutting is still messy, which is parting from sorrow. It's not just the general taste.
On the surface, this word is written to express sadness, but in fact it is to express a person's hatred of returning to his hometown after death.
The representative of later ci: Yu Meiren.
Second, recite.
1. "Spring flowers and autumn moon" is a beautiful thing. Why do you want it to end soon?
Although he is a prince, he is actually a conquered nation and prisoner. When he has despaired of life, "Spring Flowers and Autumn Moon" is a satire on him, which makes him feel bored, so it is reasonable to ask.
2. Which word in the text can sum up the feelings of the whole text? Clear: worry
3. What are Li Yu's "troubles"?
The sigh of the past, the hatred of national subjugation, the pain of leaving home, and the pain of homesickness.
4. What creative techniques did the author use to write Melancholy?
Comparison between reality and reality (instant memory, imagination)
Metaphor (present-past, things-people) (full of sadness-a river full of springs)
How much sadness can you have? Like a river flowing eastward.
5. Metaphor and exaggeration
A, melancholy as spring water, Wang Yang wanton, thousands of miles away, sentimental;
B. Sorrow is like a spring, endless and endless.
C. appreciate famous sentences from the perspective of rhetoric and emotion.
How much leisure do you have? Yichuan tobacco, city wind, plum yellow rain. -He Zhu's Jade Case
Cut constantly, the reason is still chaotic, it is sadness, don't have a taste in your heart. -Li Yu's "Hui Huan"
I'm afraid the ship can't carry much worry. -Li Qingzhao's Spring in Wuling
Third, song appreciation
Fourth, the artistic features of this word:
1. Metaphor: Visualize abstract feelings.
2. Contrast: Identity changes lead to emotional changes.
Read the following words and answer the following questions: How much does Li Yu hate watching Jiangnan? I dreamed about it last night. It's like swimming in the garden in the past, and cars are like running water in Ma Rulong. Flowers and the moon are spring breeze. This was written by Li Houzhu of the Southern Tang Dynasty after pacifying the Song Dynasty. Some people say that this is an extremely prosperous work; Some people say that this is a sad song. What did you read?
On the surface (especially the last three sentences), the word (1) expresses nostalgia for the prosperity of the past, but actually expresses the infinite desolation after waking up from a dream. (2 points)
(2) Please talk about your views on this word from the perspective of artistic techniques. (4 points)
3. Contrast technology. From beginning to end, the author did not give a positive description of the present situation, but made a strong contrast with this prosperous life. The more lively the dream, the sadder it is when you wake up; The more I cling to the prosperity of the past, the more desolate it is today. (artistic skills: contrast or virtual realism, and sadness with musical scenes)
Verb (short for verb) Homework:
Wang Guowei said in "Words on Earth" that "Nietzsche said:" All literature, I love people who write with blood. "(France) Miao Sai said:" The most beautiful poems are the most desperate poems, and some immortal chapters are pure tears. "Think about the meaning of this sentence, understand it with the content of Li Yu's ci, and write an article of about 200 words.
Write an ancient poem about "sorrow"
But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with our swords and raise our glasses to drown our sorrows. -Li Bai's famous sentence "Uncle Yun of Xuancheng Xietiaolou"
For example, Li Yu's "Hui Huan": if you keep cutting, you will be confused. This is separation.
And Li Qingzhao's "A Plum Branch" also expresses sadness: flowers drift from one place to another, a kind of acacia, two leisurely places.
There are also concerns about the performance of the country, which is most obvious in Li Yu's words, such as:
There are also expressions of love, such as Li Chi Ngai's Operator:
I live at the head of the Yangtze River and you live at the end of the Yangtze River. I miss you every day, but I can't see you, so I drink Yangtze River water.
For example, Ouyang Xiu's "Langtaosha": rushing to gather and disperse, endless. This year's flowers are better than last year's, but next year's flowers are better. You know who you are with.
Others express their worries about life: for example, Xin Qiji's Ugly Slave: A teenager doesn't know the taste of worry, falls in love with the floor, and insists on worrying about adding new words. Now I know the taste of sadness, I want to say it, but I want to say it, but I say, "It's a cool autumn."
There is also the trouble that bosom friends are hard to find: for example, Yue Fei's Xiao Zhong Shan: You have to talk to Yao Qin, who will listen to your bosom friends?
A sentence in Qin Guan's "Huan Xi Sha": Free flying flowers are as light as a dream, and endless silk rain is as fine as sorrow!
Don't say clear autumn is not a person, the west wind rolls the flag and beads curtain, and the person in the curtain is thinner than that Huang Ju. -Li Qingzhao's "Drunken Flowers"
Sichuan Opera and Folk Custom;
Sichuan Opera was formed in the middle of18th century, that is, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty ((1736- 1795)). It directly inherits and develops the excellent tradition of China national opera, and through the efforts of many experienced artists, it successfully absorbs the four major tunes of classical opera, namely Kunqu Opera, Yiyang Opera, Bangzi Opera and Pi Huangqiang, as well as local folk songs. Influenced and combined by Sichuan local language and folk music, after long-term transformation and evolution, local operas with rich connotations, unique artistic style and strong Sichuan local color have been formed.
The real combination of several singing forms of Sichuan Opera was the period when teahouses were established in major cities after the Revolution of 1911 (19 1), which provided an important foundation for the development of Sichuan Opera. With a fixed performance place-teahouse, a fixed entertainment place for citizens, it objectively provides an ideal place and better material conditions for Sichuan Opera. Moreover, not only these professional teams, but also ordinary people like to participate. This kind of amateur performance, known as "playing with friends" or "drumming" in Sichuan, is an important way of entertainment for ordinary people and provides a valuable mass base for the development of Sichuan Opera.
Sichuan Opera is a performing art with music, dance and chanting as the means of expression, with freehand brushwork as the main method and the combination of reality and reality. It breaks the limitation of time and space, and shows a wide range of contents in a limited space.
The rich flavor of life in Sichuan Opera and the humorous folk customs of Sichuanese make the comedy repertoire of Sichuan Opera very rich, which not only makes Sichuan Opera itself very attractive, but also draws lessons from many brother arts or dramas, including Xia Meng's Snatching the Groom, Han Fei's Joe Getting on the Bus, Zhang Junqiu's Peking Opera Wangjiang Pavilion, Jin Caifeng's Yue Opera Hostel, and the puppet art film A Shoe.
The costumes of Sichuan Opera are very wonderful. These clothes are made by Sichuan embroidery, which is famous at home and abroad. Gold and silver thread, dragons and phoenixes are auspicious, birds and thorns are embroidered, flowers are like brocade, wonderful and dazzling. The headdress is exquisite, complicated and beautiful.
Sichuan Opera is sung in Sichuan dialect, which has profound Bashu music characteristics, folk customs and cultural traditions. Its superb performing arts, strict technical requirements and humorous language are loved by people all over the world.
Any kind of traditional culture and art must follow the law of innovation in inheritance if it wants to be preserved, survived and developed. From the perspective of drama culture, Sichuan opera is Sichuan opera; From the perspective of regional culture, Sichuan opera is a local drama culture; Judging from the form of the repertoire and the characteristics of different times, Sichuan Opera not only inherits the heritage of the mother drama, but also has many modern creations and developments that show its vitality and reflect the direction of advanced culture. As a local opera centered on performance, Sichuan Opera is the materialization of Bashu people's aesthetic consciousness such as emotion, viewpoint and interest.
As an element or a symbol of a distinctive regional culture, things are usually formed in the long-term social production and life, and are closely related to the daily life of local residents, so they also have a very constant force to suddenly change or disappear under the influence of the outside world.