? Poet saint? What's the name of Du Fu's poem? History of poetry? . Li Shihao is one of the "Three Officials" and one with high artistic achievements. Learning "stone trencher" helps students understand the above characteristics. However, it is easier to understand the ideological content of the novel, that is, the social reality reflected in the poem, and it is more difficult to understand the thoughts and feelings contained in the poem, especially when the feelings are not directly pointed out and complicated. It is more difficult to taste the artistic techniques and subtle language of poetry.
Teaching objectives:
Knowledge target
1, understand the writing background of Shihao Guan.
2. Through reading aloud, master the ideological content and the author's emotion of Li Shihao.
3. Read aloud and recite in class.
Emotional goals:
Cultivate students' humanistic quality of paying attention to reality and people's livelihood.
Teaching focus:
Understand the author's thoughts and feelings by reading aloud.
Teaching difficulties:
Grasp the ideological content and author's emotion of Shihaoguan.
Teaching methods:
Read aloud, discuss, summarize, appreciate, perform, contest, etc.
Teaching preparation:
Students preview poems and ask questions before class; Teachers collect information and make multimedia courseware.
Design concept:
As Du Fu's narrative poem, The Stone hoarder reflects the miserable life of ordinary people during the Anshi Rebellion, expresses the author's sympathy for people's livelihood, and criticizes the incompetence and darkness of the imperial court. It is the representative work of Du Fu's realistic poems. I focus on guiding students to appreciate the ideological content and the author's feelings of Shi Qu Officials. Read aloud to clear the whole perception? Try to figure out the psychology of simulated characters? Review of short play performance? Appreciate the content, theme, characters and author's thoughts and feelings of poetry layer by layer, and achieve a deep understanding of the text through multiple dialogues, thus cultivating students' humanistic consciousness of paying attention to reality and people's livelihood.
Teaching process:
First, introduce a new lesson and the background.
1. Show a group of news photos of Iraq and ask: What did the war bring to the Iraqi people?
2. Transition from normal school to new class: This is the harm that modern war has brought to ordinary people. Today, we are going to learn an ancient poem "Shi Qu Guan" to feel the fate of the ancient people in China in the war.
Courseware shows that Du Fu, a poet in Tang Dynasty, has a beautiful word and a number? Shaoling Yelao? , the representative of China's ancient realistic poetry. After the Anshi Rebellion, especially after Guo Ziyi's nine failed missions to Yecheng, he really felt the sufferings of the people. On the way from Luoyang to Huazhou, he saw the official crazy Latin, the people were displaced, the family was ruined, the town was ruined and the bones were everywhere. He wrote three famous officials and three farewells: Shi Hao officials, Xin 'an officials and Tongguan officials. Three officials? (Xin 'an official, Shi Hao official, Tongguan official)? Say goodbye? Newly married, resigned, homeless. In 757 AD, An Lushan was killed by his son An Qingxu in Luoyang, Chang 'an and Luoyang were recovered by Guo Ziyi, and An Qingxu retreated to Yecheng. In 758, Guo Ziyi, Li Guangbi and other nine provinces led 600,000 troops to besiege Yecheng. Tang Suzong was scared nine times? Difficult to unite? Marshal, so not, only eunuch Yu Chaoen as? Check the military capacity and comfort the ambassador? In this way, the 600,000 troops besieged Yecheng were trapped? What is there to advance and retreat? Anarchy, so? The city won't last long, and it will collapse up and down. . In March of the following year, the enemy was defeated by reinforcements from Shi Siming, and was completely annihilated. Guo Ziyi retreated to Luoyang, and Luoyang was in a state of emergency. In order to save the crisis, the Tang Dynasty captured a large number of Royal Air Forces from Luoyang to Tongguan, especially in Shihao and Xin 'an, which are close to the front line, and used them for military service. At this time, Du Fu is on his way back to Huazhou. He witnessed the disaster brought by the war to the people, and he was worried and angry, so he created it? Three officials? 、? Say goodbye? These two groups of excellent realistic poems. (Note after class 1)
Second, read the text for the first time and feel the whole.
1, listen to the text and ask the students to listen to the pronunciation and rhythm clearly and think:
What story did the text write? (The story of your official catching Ding in the middle of the night and pulling an old woman to make up for it)
2. Free reading requires accurate pronunciation and rhythm;
Read by name and listen to other students: whether they are all read correctly;
Read it together. Note: If you cross your throat.
3. Read the text by yourself and exchange ideas.
(1) Read the sentences by yourself and understand the main idea in combination with the notes after class.
Talk at the same table and discuss the meaning of words you don't understand.
(3) Students ask questions: Teachers supplement the meanings of words they don't understand.
(4) Name the students and talk about the general idea.
⑤ Student accumulation: What key points should be paid attention to: ancient and modern different meanings, flexible use of parts of speech.
4. The teacher summed up the main idea of the text: (Multimedia demonstration)
Third, read the text and analyze the center.
1, read the text again, summarize the experience of the old woman's family with the words in the poem, and simply analyze its connotation.
Clear: three guards, two dead; Sun Fangru, daughter-in-law has no skirt; Weng climbs over the wall, and women walk at night.
Analysis: three people defended: all three applied, which shows that Tang Jun's tired military service is cruel.
Two people died: three people died and two people died, which shows the tragic war.
Daughter-in-law has no skirt: naked, hungry and cold, poor and sick, showing the serious damage of war.
Weng over the wall: It shows that it is not uncommon for officials to arrest people at night, even the elderly are no exception; Therefore, as soon as the old man heard the sound of knocking at the door at night, he could not consider being old and weak in legs and feet, and quickly climbed the wall to escape, while the old woman went out to deal with it. This profoundly reveals the scenes of constant wars, cruel arrests by officials and people's inability to sleep, and reveals the social environment in which the old woman's family suffered miserably. What's more, the old woman is old and weak, and the daughter-in-law has not gone out naked. The family needs labor to hoe plows to support their families. )
Women walk at night: a helpless choice. What a sad old man and a respectable man!
2. Analyze the center of the article.
Teacher transition: OK, we all read this poem carefully together just now, so can some students tell you what the key point of this poem is? (Reference: The focus is on the old lady's speech to the officials, which is the second and third paragraphs of this article), then we will grasp the focus and look forward.
( 1)? At dusk, officials arrested people at night. ? Just explained? Twilight? Think back? Twilight? What does that mean? Good evening! In our opinion, it is normal to stay at night, but in ancient times, due to social disorder and desolate journey, tourists were all tourists? Stay at home, or it will be too late. What's more, in this era of military disaster connection! However, Du Fu hurried to spend the night in a small village in the market when the night was deep. This unusual scene has a hint that you can imagine n possibilities.
Question: Why does the author directly point out that officials arrest people instead of writing about conscription and soldiers?
(Reference: Truthful description means exposing criticism, and then using a night word as an adverbial of time is more meaningful. First, it shows that officials often arrest people, and ordinary people hide or resist during the day and can't catch them; Second, it shows that the vicious means of arresting people by county officials came from a sudden attack in the dark night when people were already asleep.
This sentence tells the time and place of stay, tells the whole story, tells the panic, troubles and everything out of the normal atmosphere of the times, which lays the foundation for the old lady's speech later, and also explains the origin of the speech, which is the beginning of things. )
(2) Contrastively analyze why officials are angry and why women cry.
Teacher-student discussion: These two sentences are extremely general and vividly describe the sharp contradiction between officials and women. A cry, a cry, an anger, a bitter, in sharp contrast; Two adverbials? What? It aggravated the emotional color, effectively rendered the outrageous momentum of the county official, and also brewed a sad atmosphere for the complaint of the old woman below. Why do women cry? Why are officials angry? Listen to this lady's speech. It is a connecting link. The poet was listening, and the old woman answered the angry cry of the county magistrate with tears.
(3) Dialogue exercise: complement the dialogue between officials and women, form a dialogue in a modern way, and deepen students' understanding of the text.
Practice the dialogue in groups.
B, teacher's summary: These two or three paragraphs are the focus of this article, and they are the contents of the old woman's speech. The incident reached its climax here.
(4) Question: The old woman invited herself to serve. Did the police show mercy to the old woman? Please find the basis from the book.
Clear: from? Dawn is the future. Are you alone with the old man? Are you online? Independent? Word, know that the old woman has been taken away.
(5) Teacher's summary: All three sons of the old woman went to the battlefield, and both sons died. Her family made great sacrifices for the war, so in theory, she should not go to her house to arrest people. The old woman complained bitterly about this, in order to arouse the sympathy and compassion of the poor officials. However, the police officers were unmoved and continued to shout, forcing important people and forcing the old woman to apply.
(6) appreciation? Independent? Words:
One? Independent? Words are rich in meaning. It shows that both the old man and the old woman were received when they checked in last night, but only the old man was sent this morning. The old lady was burdened with corvee that should never have been borne by her. The sadness of the sender and the receiver cannot be expressed. Concise and profound, sad and endless.
(7) Inductive structure. Blackboard writing:
Start (1): origin of speech: officials arrest people at night.
Development and climax (2? 3): The content of the speech is a great sacrifice.
Domestic status quo
Self - service
At the end (4) the result of the speech: I am a loner, different from the elderly.
(8) Summarize the theme of the article.
Please describe the theme of this article in words.
(Reference: Cruel, heartless and shameless)
B. Teacher-student summary: This poem mainly criticizes the ruthlessness and cruelty of officials like the stone moat to the people. Such officials are like animals. He has no humanity at all. He has completely lost his nature. The poet's cruel and merciless attack on Shi Haoguan is not an exposure of the whole feudal rule, but it does inspire people to understand the class nature of feudal rule. This poem also expresses Du Fu's lofty feelings of worrying about the country and the people. Through the vivid description of officials arresting people at night, the whole poem exposes the brutality of officials and reflects the sufferings of the people.
C. induction theme:? Overnight, this unfortunate family suffered another heavy blow. How tragic. How realistic! The author told the story. What kind of feelings did he express?
Courseware writing on the blackboard: express deep sympathy for the suffering of the people in the An Shi Rebellion.
Fourth, think deeply, distinguish right from wrong and expand imagination.
1. Some people think that the old woman's speech is an old woman's lyric monologue in one go. Some people think that the old woman's speech is intermittent under the pressure of your official position. what do you think? Guide students to talk about the background of poetry and be good at finding evidence from poetry: translation has the answer.
2. The teacher asked: What the old woman said was under the pressure of the officer. Why don't you write the words of the officers in the poem? (clear: this is a kind of? Tibetan questions and answers, combining light and shade? Writing skills)
3. Transition: Since you are speaking intermittently under the pressure of your official position, please use your imagination. How will the official force it, and how will the old lady respond? Get ready for the performance. (The teacher reminds you to pay attention to the role assignment, with 6 people in each group. Pay attention to trying to figure out the tone, manner and movements of the characters. Students prepare in groups for 5- 10 minutes)
4. Group performances: teachers and students comment on which performances are in place, which are inconsistent with the description in the poem, and which are realistic and inconsistent with the description in the poem. Teams that come to power in the future should pay attention to overcoming the shortcomings ahead. About 10? 20 minutes, 3? Four groups of performances.
5. Challenge you and adapt the story.
Tip: What should I keep?
What should I add?
What should I focus on?
What should I do after the old woman leaves, leaving the old, the weak, the sick and the young family in the war?
Five, recitation in class, emotional edification.
Ask the students to recite the text according to its structure, and feel Du Fu's feelings in the text.
Teacher's summary: Du Fu was a great poet in ancient China, and Guo Moruo praised him. The world is scarred, and the sage in the poem; The people are in poverty, and the bottom of the pen is turbulent. ? In Du Fu's poems,? Three officials? Say goodbye? Describing the sufferings of the people is the most profound, and Du Fu's style is gloomy and frustrated, mainly because his works express a feeling of worrying about the country and the people. The poet's heart is closely connected with the suffering working people, and the poet's pulse beats with the people's pulse. Du Fu is a real people's poet.
Sixth, summarize the full text and sublimate the theme.
However, Du Fu, as a weak person, did not escape from the pain of reality. In the war, he devoted his full blood to the sufferings of the people, tore open the darkness and decay of the feudal dynasty with hoarse voice, worried about the country and the people, and tried to sing the strongest voice of the times with poetry. This is the reason why Du Fu is great!
Let the smoke stay away from the earth, and let peace stay in the world forever! (Playing background music)
Seven, homework:
According to my own understanding of the text, will True Story of Stone Trough be? The poem drew four pictures and opened them in class. Let's comment on a small art exhibition and see who knows the words best.