Legend has it that Mei Fei's hometown is Jiangdong Village, Huangshi Township, Putian County. There are still monuments and legends about Princess Mei, such as the stone carvings of Pukou Palace (Mei Fei Palace), Goose Village and "Mei Fei's Hometown". Jiang's Genealogy even records that his father, Jiang Zhongxun, is the first 1 1 generation grandson of the Jiang family in this village.
However, through investigation, it is found that there is no Mei Fei in history. First of all, there are many records about Yang Guifei in the official history, but there is no record about Mei Fei. Whether it's Old Tang Book, New Tang Book or Sima Guang's Zi Tong Zhi Jian. Is it the negligence of historians that Mei Fei, who can compete with Yang Guifei, has not been recorded in the official history? Secondly, all the books we read about Mei Fei are from her biography. The Biography of Mei Fei has no author (some people think it was written by Tang, so there is no evidence. The scribe doesn't know who the author is, only that he was at the turn of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty. Biography of Mei Fei is the earliest work to record the life story of Mei Fei. All other records about Mei Fei are later than this article, and most of them are copied from this article or added with legends. Thirdly, it is worth noting that there is a passage in the Biography of Mei Fei: "The person who paints beauties in this world belongs to Mei Fei. Generally speaking, Tang Huang is a human being, but he does not elaborate on himself." It means that Mei Fei in the current (Song Dynasty) ladies' paintings is generally from the Tang Dynasty, but her life experience is not well known. Therefore, Mr. Lu Xun said in A Brief History of Chinese Fiction: "No one wrote Biography of Mei Fei, but there was a man named Mei Renmei Mei Fei at that time. It is said that people lived in the Tang Dynasty. Because this biography ... "The rigorous scholar Zheng Zhenduo also denied the existence of Mei Fei. Finally, looking up the historical records of the Tang Dynasty, there is no record of Gao Lishi's beauty pageant in Fujian and Guangdong. According to Mei Fei Biography, Yangdong Palace, where Mei Fei was demoted, is located in Luoyang, the eastern capital. Luoyang is hundreds of miles away from Chang 'an, and the East Palace of Shang Yang has no West Pavilion of Cuihua Palace. Why did Tang Xuanzong call Mei Fei at night? After Yang Guifei knew, how could Mei Fei "retire to the East Palace"? There are at least a few inconsistencies in The Biography of Mei Fei with historical facts.
Jiang Caiping's father, Jiang Zhongxun, is a doctor. He attaches great importance to his children's reading of poetry. Cai Ping was very clever since she was a child. At the age of nine, she could recite many famous ancient poems.
One day, picking apples to drive geese to eat grass, I suddenly heard a noisy voice: "The court draft girl is coming." Looking back, she saw a group of officers and men chasing some girls nearby. The apple panicked and ran away. She accidentally fell down and was covered in mud. She quickly got into the nearby grass and hid. After the officers and men passed, she ran to the river to wash her face. It is strange that a very beautiful face is reflected in the water. She was taken aback, thinking that she was blind, and wiped her face several times with her hand to make her face more beautiful in the water. At this time, the officers and men suddenly turned back. When they see Cai Pingping, if they find the treasure, they will take her back to Beijing immediately.
Among thousands of beautiful women, Jiang Caiping is not only outstanding in appearance, but also elegant in speech. Tang Xuanzong liked it very much and soon named her a princess. Because picking apples loves plum blossoms, it is also nicknamed "Mei Fei".
On one occasion, Xuanzong took her to Qin Zheng Hall to watch the Arowana Opera. When I came back, I asked Mei Fei cheerfully, "Who else is in your family? I made him an official. "
Mei Fei said, "My father is dead and there is no one at home. May your majesty put his life first and be kind to the people. "
Xuanzong said, "Well, I'll send the Liyuan Opera Troupe to Putian to feast my eyes on the people in your hometown and show off the glory of the imperial concubine. What do you think? " Mei Fei immediately knelt down and thanked him. Xuanzong added, "Why are you so unhappy? If there is anything you don't like, just say that I will satisfy Ai Qing. " Mei Fei said: "In the past, Emperor Taizong had the rule of chastity, and the people were happy. May your majesty also have the rule of kaiyuan. " Xuanzong was stunned, and then Nianxu said with a smile, "I had this intention for a long time, but I didn't say I loved my princess. I almost forgot. " The next day, Xuanzong stopped the banquet, took care of everything and made great efforts.
But it didn't last long. Before long, Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty took Yang Yuhuan, who was seductive all over, as a concubine, "three thousand pets in one", and accompanied her to drink and enjoy flowers every day, turning a blind eye to state affairs. Yang Guifei is the most jealous, but Mei Fei is gentle and kind, and can't compare with her. In order to please Yang Guifei, the emperor moved Mei Fei to the East Palace outside Shang Yang Palace.
Once Lingnan sent litchi, Xuanzong wanted to share some with Mei Fei, but he didn't dare. Afraid of Yang Guifei's outburst, he had someone secretly send her a welcome bead. Mei Fei declined politely and wrote a poem to Xuanzong to express his depressed mood. The poem reads: "Liu Ye's eyebrows have not been traced for a long time, and her makeup is red with tears." Nagato is naturally unadorned, so why should pearls comfort loneliness? ".This is the" Ah Hu Zhu "handed down from later generations.
During the Anshi Rebellion, Tang fled with Yang Guifei and was forced to commit suicide on the way. After returning to Korea after the rebellion, Tang thought of it again, sent people to investigate everywhere, and finally found her body in the dry well in the East Palace. The old imperial secretary said that during the mutiny, Mei Fei was covered in white silk. Xuanzong felt more pity for her.
In Mei Fei's hometown-Zhenjiang East Village, Huangshi, Putian County, there is a "Pukou Palace" with a statue of Mei Fei in it. Nowadays, people still miss the strange girl 1000 years ago and call her "the queen of grandmother".
"Xie Ci Zhu Zhen" Ye Gui's eyebrows have not been traced for a long time, and there are tears in her makeup. There is no toilet in Nagato every day. Why should pearls comfort loneliness? Gao Lishi, a eunuch, was sent to Fujian and Guangdong during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (713-741). When she saw the skinny Jiang Caiping, she was chosen to serve the Emperor Xuanzong in the palace and was greatly favored. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was proud of Jiang Caiping and treated her like dirt in his palace. Jiang Caiping likes plum blossoms, and plum trees are planted everywhere where he lives. Whenever plum blossoms are in full bloom, he will admire and love flowers and linger. Mei Fei is the title of Xuanzong's play. Mei Fei was favored not only by her beauty, but also by Tang Xuanzong, a music and dance expert, for her performance of "Surprise Dance". Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty once praised "it's an honor to blow white Yu Di and make a' dance of surprise'". According to the textual research of Wang Kefen's Mei Fei and Jingwu, Jingwu may describe the movements and postures of geese. This bird-like dance has a profound tradition in China. It is said that the "Fenglaiyi" in the "Fenglaiyi, all animals dance at the same rate" in the primitive society is a dance that people imitate the movements of birds; The image of bird dancing on bronzes in the Warring States Period: There are records of dancing big sparrows in hundreds of plays in the Han Dynasty. There are also pictures of people dressed as birds in Han Dynasty stone reliefs. Most of these dances are wearing heavy bird-shaped costumes and props, which is very inconvenient to dance. And Mei Fei's "Dance of Surprise" may focus on using freehand brushwork to express the beautiful image of Hongyan soaring in the air through dance movements. Mei Fei entered the palace earlier than Yang Guifei 19 years, and her exquisite, beautiful and elegant style made Xuanzong sincerely admire and fall in love. Jiang Caiping is a quiet, elegant and dignified Ming Xiu. She loved plum blossoms as much as she did since she was a child, so Emperor Xuanzong named her "Mei Fei" and planted various kinds of plum blossoms in her palace. Whenever plum blossoms are in full bloom, she is with Mei Fei, enjoying flowers and poems. Today, most people know Yang Guifei, but I'm afraid not many people know Jiang Caiping. In fact, Yang Guifei and Jiang Caiping were a pair of rivals among the 72 concubines in the Third Palace and Sixth Hospital of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. Jiang Caiping, a native of Mei Fei, was born in Jiangdong Village, Putian, Fujian. His father, Jiang Zhongxun, is a scholar who has read a lot of poetry books and a doctor who helps the world. Jiang Caiping is the only daughter in the family. She is clever and witty, and she can recite many famous poems at the age of 9. She 15 years old wrote a good article, and her eight poems were even read in the local area for some time. She was a famous talented woman at that time and was known as the first female poet in Fujian. Versatile Jiang Caiping is not only good at poetry, but also proficient in musical instruments, singing and dancing. She is also charming and beautiful, with an extraordinary temperament. She is a strange girl with both talent and beauty. It coincides with the prosperity of Xuanzong Kaiyuan, the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty and the prosperity of the four seas. There are sages inside and famous generals outside, which made them prosperous. At this time, Wu Huifei, who was deeply loved by Xuanzong, died unfortunately. Tang Xuanzong attached great importance to the relationship between husband and wife. Although there are thousands of harem beauties, he has a soft spot for Wu Huifei. Wu Huifei's death made Tang Xuanzong grieved and haggard. Tang Xuanzong wanted to find another sustenance under great yearning. Eunuch Gao Lishi was naturally worried when he saw the sadness of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. He was worried that Tang Xuanzong would never recover. So he urged Xuanzong to recruit beautiful women from all over the world to change his sad mood and cheer up again. Xuanzong adopted his suggestion. Gao Lishi was ordered to choose a female student, went to Fujian and Guangdong in person, and found Jiang Caiping who had just arrived. He suspected that she was a heaven and a treasure. Then he took her into the palace to wait on Tang Xuanzong. At that time, Jiang Caiping couldn't hide her flowery appearance even with light makeup. Her gentle and elegant words and graceful manners, like a cup of mellow tea, instantly captured the heart of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Xuanzong loved her dearly and regarded many harem beauties at that time as dust, only spoiling Jiang Caiping. Mei Fei entered the palace earlier than Yang Guifei 19 years, and her exquisite, beautiful and elegant style made Xuanzong sincerely admire and fall in love. Jiang Caiping is a quiet, elegant and dignified Ming Xiu. She loved plum blossoms as much as she did since she was a child, so Emperor Xuanzong named her "Mei Fei" and planted various kinds of plum blossoms in her palace. Whenever plum blossoms are in full bloom, she is with Mei Fei, enjoying flowers and poems. However, when the plump, glamorous and coquettish Yang Guifei appeared, Xuanzong began to see things in a blur. Yang Guifei and Mei Fei became two wonderful flowers standing side by side in Xuanzong's harem. Mei Fei is like a plum blossom, elegant and noble; Yang Yuhuan is like a peony, plump and delicate. These two people are thin and fat, elegant and charming, and the combination of dynamic and static forms a sharp contrast. At this time, Tang Xuanzong, who was over 60 years old, had already distinguished the level of Yang Yuhuan and Mei Fei. For more than ten years, he has been facing narcissistic, elegant and noble Mei Fei, and now his aesthetic fatigue inevitably reduces his interest. Yang Guifei's sudden appearance is not only full of sexiness and cuteness, but also her charming expression and lively personality, like a blazing fire, stirring the Tang Xuanzong, who is old and unwilling to get old. Yang Guifei and Mei Fei were naturally involved in infighting. One wants to keep the position and the other wants to occupy the position. The fighting was extremely fierce. The battle with them began with a poem. Let's first look at a poem written by Mei Fei: Forget Wushan, go to Chu Yun and have a beautiful night in Nangong; Who can be like the moon with ice muscles and the half king of Meijiang? This poem, ostensibly admiring Yang Guifei's beauty, actually satirizes that she was originally the daughter-in-law of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, regardless of human relations, and even went to bed with her father-in-law, confusing the emperor, delaying political affairs and mocking her as fat as the moon. In fact, what Mei Fei said at that time was true. After reading it, Yang Guifei immediately retorted: Why did beauty ever degenerate into spring and plum blossom snow ever degenerate into halal; Generally, teachers borrow spring grass instead of competing with flowers. This poem means that Mei Fei is thin, and she is too favored. How can she compare with the flowers in the Spring Festival? Tang Xuanzong did not applaud Mei Fei's poems, but Yang Guifei's. Yang Guifei's beauty is a different kind of amorous feelings, which fascinated Tang Xuanzong. He shifted all his thoughts to Yang Guifei and gradually ignored Mei Fei. Mei Fei's love has been in trouble ever since. While being left out in the cold, she has to bear the constant criticism and false accusation of Yang Guifei in front of Xuanzong. Later, Mei Fei was finally forced to move into the East Palace of Shang Yang, and lived a miserable life like a cold palace. At this time, Yang Guifei invited the elder sister Mrs. Han, the third sister Mrs. Guo and the eighth sister Mrs. Qin. The four of them are like four fragrant flowers, surrounded by Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, white and colorful, full of fantasy, which makes Xuanzong, who is old, glow with youth; They are like four bees, absorbing the "essence" of Tang Xuanzong like collecting pollen. Tang Xuanzong played with them all day and was too busy to attend to state affairs. He even forgot that Mei Fei was in Shang Yang East Palace. However, Mei Fei and Yang Guifei, after all, have different styles and tastes, a "meat" and a "vegetarian". After the excessive fragrance of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he couldn't help thinking of elegance. After a period of time, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty never saw Mei Fei again, so he thought of Mei Fei and Mei Fei from time to time. In the season when plum blossoms are in full bloom, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty strolled through the plum garden, looking at the flowers and thinking about people, feeling a tender feeling and unforgettable acacia, with a touch of sadness, a sense of guilt and a desire to see Mei Fei. One night, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty did not go to Yang Guifei's palace for fear that Yang Guifei would know. He stayed alone in Cuihuage, and sent a close-fitting little eunuch to ride a horse and carry Mei Fei after him. "Since it is your majesty's pet call, why did you come in the dark at night?" "As the king of a country, why are you so afraid of that fat woman?" Although Mei Fei was timid, he couldn't bear to keep Xuanzong waiting, so he rode to Xiting, Cui Hua. An old pair of mandarin ducks embraced in one place again, endlessly lingering and wandering. Yang Guifei still knows about it. Without waiting for the announcement, Yang Guifei pushed the door into the Cuihua Pavilion and asked Xuanzong, "Where are you hiding Mei Jing?" Xuanzong pretended as if nothing had happened and replied, "Isn't it in the East Palace of Shang Yang?" When Yang Guifei saw that Tang Xuanzong refused to pay the bill, the topic changed and she said, "Why don't you come to Lishan Hot Spring together!" Say Xuanzong prevaricated, at a loss. Yang Guifei pretended to be serious and said, "It's a mess here. There is a woman named Chai Jin under the bed, and there is a fragrance on the pillow. Who will sleep for your majesty tonight? " Why don't you wait until sunrise to go to court so that your majesty can see the ministers? "She actually said that my concubine should stay here until Tang Xuanzong came back from the court. Tang Xuanzong became angry from embarrassment and was livid, but instead of shouting, he fell asleep and resisted. After all, Yang Guifei is smart, and she is afraid that things will get stiff and she can't clean up. She showed off her housekeeping skills, pretended to be crazy and charming, cried, and then left angrily and went back to her mother's house. Shortly after Yang Guifei returned to her family, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was heartbroken and sent a servant to take her back to the palace. It is said that it took three times to get her back. Of course, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty sometimes had unforgettable old feelings, and often treated Mei Fei with a pity and compensation attitude. On one occasion, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty tasted lychee and thought of Mei Fei, so he sent someone to send a string of pearls. When Mei Fei saw these pearls, he was moved by this scene and was extremely sad. He wrote a poem and returned it to Tang Xuanzong with pearls. There is a cloud in the poem: "Liu Ye's eyebrows have not been traced for a long time, and his makeup is stained with tears. Nagato is not decorated, so why should pearls comfort loneliness? " The poet called it "a mutual aid". Life is fleeting, and youth is gone. Mei Fei spent a lonely ten years in Shangyang East Palace. She doesn't know whether there are traces of Mei Fei in Xuanzong's heart. She thinks that if the old feelings of the emperor are not forgotten, Mei Fei will have a glimmer of hope. So, she wrote an Ode to the East to express many feelings in her heart. It is said that this poem describes her miserable mood in Shang Yang's East Palace and expresses her dissatisfaction with Emperor Xuanzong and her longing for a new life. However, not only did it not help, but it was almost killed. If it hadn't touched the loving heart of Xuanzong, I'm afraid she would have died at the instigation of Yang Guifei. In this battle for love, Yang Guifei's side is crowded and the limelight is flourishing; On the other hand, Mei Fei is outnumbered and has been completely defeated. Later, the "An Shi Rebellion" broke out, and Tang Xuanzong fled to the southwest with Yang Guifei. Later, Yang Guifei was forced to die in Maweipo. Mei Fei, who was left in the palace, in order not to be insulted by traitors and to keep his innocence, wrapped himself in layers of white cloth and jumped off the ancient well to die. More than 65,438+0,000 years have passed, and people in my hometown still miss her, calling her "Zugu Huangfei" and building a statue of a palace as a sacrifice. The name of the palace is Pukou Palace. The palace is resplendent and magnificent, with eight large stone pillars supporting the huge roof arch structure, and the shrine guardrail is hollowed out with wood carvings, which are extremely beautiful and attract many tourists to pay their respects. In the old days, the couplet at Yamenkou of Xinghua Mansion wrote: "Litchi is the best in the world, and Mei Fei is the people. "Traditional opera. Jiang Caiping, a talented woman selected by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, liked her very much after entering the palace. Because she likes plum blossom, she called it "Mei Fei" and established a Mei Ting. Soon, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty chose the imperial concubine, and his favor turned to Yang. Mei Fei and Nagato were left out in the cold, so he wrote Ode to the East Building. When Xuanzong saw this, he called Mei Fei to meet him, and Fei Yang came to cancel the contract. An Lushan defected, and Emperor Xuanzong led Yang Fei out of Xichuan. The abandoned Mei Fei was trapped in the palace and died. Back in Chang 'an, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty dreamed of Mei Fei at night, feeling infinite. Based on Cheng's early works, the play was directed by Li Yuru and Pang Zenghan. Dance designers Zhang Kuifang and Pang Zenghan, dance designer Zhou Chujiang, lighting designer Jin Xiumou, music designers Zhang Senlin, Cha Changsheng, Gu Yongxiang and Ma. Li Yuru plays Mei Fei. Play Tang, Yang Guifei, and Sun Zhengyang play Gao Lishi. 1961September 16 premiere of Tianchan stage. The play basically follows the route of Cheng School and absorbs the essence of the flocking pavilion in the ballad "The Palace of Eternal Life". It not only makes use of the vigorous and desolate features of Cheng School, but also creates some new tunes, such as Burning Palace Plum, which changes the original aria [Xipi Inverted, Allegro] to [Inverted, Touched]. There are also innovations in dance and music design, such as "Hongjing Dance" changing from solo dance to group dance centered on Mei Fei. In music, the allegro of Hong Jing Dance was added with a tune, and the voice was added when singing Ode to the East, and the Palace Complaint was accompanied by a Hu Qin solo. This play is one of Li Yuru's representative works.