Excellent lesson plan for "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond"
1. Teaching purposes:
1. Learn the delicate and expressive language of "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond", and understand the metaphors and The expressive effect of synaesthesia.
2. Master the writing method of "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" to describe the blending of scenery and situations, and appreciate its rigorous structure.
3. Understand the author’s creative mood and the universal significance of this mood.
4. Appreciate the charm of "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" through recitation.
2. Teaching Focus
1. Figure out the meaning of words in a specific context.
2. Appreciate the concise and beautiful language of describing scenes in the work and its expression effect.
3. Understand the author’s creative mood and the universal significance of this mood.
3. Teaching Difficulties
1. The text and scene are blended, and the "scenery language" and "love language" are integrated into one.
2. Use key sentences to understand the thoughts and feelings expressed in the article.
4. Teaching process
(1) Introduction of new lessons
Please look at the picture, a large green lotus pond appears in front of us. Faced with such beautiful scenery, Yang Wanli admired: "After all, the scenery of West Lake in June is different from that of the four seasons. The lotus leaves in the sky are infinitely green, and the lotus flowers reflecting the sun are uniquely red. "Send off to Lin Zifang after leaving Jingci Temple at dawn." It writes about the bright colors of lotus flowers.
The spring is silent and cherishes the trickle, and the shade of the tree shines on the water, loving its clearness and softness. The little lotus has just revealed its sharp corners, and a dragonfly has already stood on it. "Little Pond" by Yang Wanli. The dynamics of the lotus are written.
Zhou Dunyi saw its noble character of "coming out of the mud but not stained, washing the clear ripples without being evil"!
It can be said that the lotus has become a unique landscape in Chinese literature. , its meaning can be described as profound, and its artistic conception can be described as unique and beautiful.
Today we are going to learn a famous prose piece about lotuses - "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" (written on the blackboard)
(2) Read the text
1. Reading the first natural paragraph
(1) We asked a classmate to read the first natural paragraph. Why did the author suddenly think of the lotus pond and leave home for a walk in the lotus pond late at night?
[Analysis] Because "the mood has been quite uneasy these days", the peaceful environment sets off and illuminates the author's uneasy mood, shows the author's irritability and restlessness, and explains the time, place and reason why the author visited the lotus pond alone. The first sentence of the full text is the "writing point" of the article.
[Written on the blackboard]: Reason: quite uneasy
(2) So what is the reason that makes the author so "uneasy"?
[Analysis] As for the reason for Zhu Ziqing's "unquiet" mood, some people think that it stems from the resentment against Chiang Kai-shek's 4.12 counter-revolutionary coup. Considering Zhu Ziqing's ideological background at the time and the time when this article was written, this cannot be said to be unreasonable; some people think that it stems from The author's homesickness is due to the author saying at the end, "This makes me miss Jiangnan after all." Some people think that it stems from the author's depression and hesitation as a petty bourgeois intellectual facing a crossroads in life; and even According to some historical data, some people believe that Zhu Ziqing's "unrest" stems from the disharmony in family life; on this issue, there is no need to provide an authoritative and unique answer, and benevolent people should be allowed to have different views on benevolence and wise people.
2. Read the second natural paragraph
Ask a classmate to read the second paragraph. (Commenting on the student’s reading) Ask a classmate to find out the characteristics of the path, and talk about what techniques the author used in this paragraph, and what are the benefits of writing this way?
[Analysis]: twists and turns, secludedness , and many trees are the characteristics of the path. Daytime (less people walk around) - night (more lonely); no moonlight (gloomy) - light moonlight (very good). This contrast casts a hazy and poetic feel to the cold atmosphere in the past. A quiet, secluded, and hazy atmosphere is formed, which is also the atmosphere that envelopes the entire text.
[Write on the blackboard]: Small road: winding, secluded, with many trees (contrast)
3. Read the third natural paragraph
[Question]: This One paragraph is about the author's feelings when he went to the lotus pond. Please tell us the specific content of this feeling. How to understand this feeling?
[Analysis]: Focus on understanding this sentence: Whatever you must do and say during the day can be ignored now. The author came to the edge of the lotus pond with a mood to eliminate boredom. The moonlight was faint, and he walked alone on the bank of the pond, as if he had entered "another world." In this world, "you can think about anything and think about nothing."
The author has become a "free person." The writing is very transcendent from reality. It should be said that this is what the author desires in his heart but cannot achieve in reality. The more detached and free it is, the more it reveals the author's anguish in reality.
[Written on the blackboard] Feelings: Freedom - (depressed)
4. Read the fourth natural paragraph
Ask the students to read the fourth section aloud in unison. And underline the metaphorical sentences in this section.
[Question]: What scenes did the author write about in sequence? What metaphors did he use?
[Explanation]: What are the benefits of using many metaphors here? Let’s look at this sentence first :
A. The leaves are high in the water, like the skirts of a graceful dancer.
The dancers in Tingting are tall and graceful girls. The skirt of the dancing girl gives people a beautiful, light and dynamic association. This metaphor vividly describes the delicate and beautiful posture of the lotus leaf rising high out of the water, full of interest. It can be seen that appropriate metaphors can vividly and concretely display the scene to be described in front of readers, making people feel immersed in the scene, making the characteristics of things more vivid and concrete, and deepening the impression.
B. The breeze passed by, bringing wisps of fragrance, like the faint singing from a tall building in the distance.
[Question]: Excuse me, did the author hear the singing? What is the author comparing to in this sentence? What are the similarities between them? What are the benefits of writing this way?
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[Analysis]: The fragrance is a sense of smell, and the faint singing on a tall building in the distance is a sense of hearing. Compare the fragrance to singing, and replace the fragrance felt in the sense of smell with feeling and tasting it through hearing. , giving people another concrete image of the fragrance, changing the angle of appreciation, and giving them a completely new and interesting feeling. The singing is soft and erratic, melodious and vague, and the fragrance of lotus is intermittent and continuous. There are similarities between these two feelings. When they are connected, the charm of art will emerge.
[Question]: How is this sentence different from ordinary metaphors? How many senses are contained in it?
[Analysis]: This is a special metaphor, Qian Zhong Mr. Shu calls it 'synesthesia'. When people perceive external things through the five senses such as vision, hearing, touch, taste, smell, etc., under normal circumstances, they cannot overlap with each other; but under special circumstances, the functions of the five senses can transform and communicate with each other, which is called "synaesthesia" , also called "transference". The mutual communication of these two different senses is called synaesthesia. When using this metaphor, you must pay attention to the sensory similarities between things, or the feeling of communication in a specific environment, so that it is wonderful but not mystical.
In fact, synaesthesia is not only used in literary works. In fact, synaesthesia is often used in daily language. For example, if a classmate's voice is said to be very thick, does his voice have a diameter?"
Look, every student has a sweet smile on his face now. However, you will never think that I'm saying that your smiling faces are covered with sugar!
5. Read the fifth natural paragraph
Now ask the students to read the fifth natural paragraph
< p> (1) What verbs does the author use when writing about moonlight? How many aspects does the author write about moonlight?[Answer]: purge, float, wash.
(2) If "Xie" is changed to "Zhao" and "Float" is changed to "Sheng", is it good and why?
[Analysis]: When you see the word "Zhao", you don't know how to Think of flowing water, and the word "Xie" evokes people's imagination of flowing water, cleverly writing the gentle flow of moonlight, turning stillness into movement. The word "Zhao" does not show this effect, only a dull "floating" part. ” also writes a gentle dynamic, but “rising” loses its gentleness.
[Explanation]:
Here the author uses static dynamic description to describe the picture. "The moonlight pours down quietly like flowing water", which has a quiet strength and beauty, while the green mist floats thinly in the lotus pond, spreading hazily in all directions, showing confusion. The hazy scene, intertwined up and down, becomes milk and gauze. Imagine the milk and gauze, the moonlight from top to bottom, and the gauze from bottom to top. Isn't it beautiful and beautiful? Very vivid? Flows like water
[Write on the blackboard]: Moonlight (front) pouring down - soft
Around the lotus pond
Moonlight and green mist: floating, light veil The harmony of dream light and scene
(reverse) (side) dark shadow, beautiful shadow
6. Read the sixth natural paragraph
Invite the whole class Read the Sixth Natural Paragraph aloud
(1) From what angles does this section describe the scenery around the lotus pond?
This section focuses on writing about trees, from the perspective of orientation, distance, and height. Written from an angle,
The line of sight extends from the inside of the lotus pond to the surroundings of the lotus pond. There are many and dense trees surrounding the lotus pond, which echoes the "secluded" in the front. This is always written around, and then close up. The color and posture of the trees here, the distant mountains on the treetops in the distance, and then turning back to write about the lights in the cracks of the trees, the chirping of cicadas on the trees and the sound of frogs in the water, with clear layers and full of three-dimensionality,
(2) Describe the characteristics of the environment and express the author's inner feelings
Once again, it shows the characteristics of the environment that are light, hazy, quiet and profound. The last sentence is "But the excitement is theirs and I have nothing." No," the change of the pen reveals the emptiness and sadness in the author's heart. It also implicitly shows that the author is completely immersed in the tranquil state of the moonlight in the lotus pond.
——A touch of sadness
(3) There is a sentence in the article "The most lively things at this time are the cicadas on the trees and the frogs in the water." It seems really lively, and in In the analysis just now, it was said that this is a "quiet" environment. Are the two contradictory to each other?
This is a contrasting technique, which is similar to Wang Wei's "The Birdsong Mountain is More Quiet" Wonderful.
[Question]: Please continue to find examples of contrast techniques in this paragraph.
[Answer]: The two characters "leak" are used in the article to use moonlight and lights to set off the darkness of the surroundings, and to use the liveliness of cicada frogs to set off the inner troubles.
[Written on the blackboard]: Trees: heavy, gloomy (depressed)
Mountains in the surrounding distance: faintly
(from far to near) Lighting: listless (The moonlight is blurry)
7. Read the seventh natural paragraph
This paragraph writes about the associations caused by the night tour of the lotus pond.
(1) Judging from the content of the text, the author read it while walking and thought about it again. What did he think of?
Old customs in the south of the Yangtze River.
Why did he think of the old customs of Jiangnan?
① His heart was peaceful, but there was a touch of sadness in the tranquility. ("This is really interesting, but it's a pity that we are no longer happy to enjoy it." "This makes me weigh Jiangnan after all.")
② Deepen the theme (going back to the past, indicating dissatisfaction with reality, Especially the fact that I didn't realize I got home at the end shows that I can't escape reality, and the tranquility is only for a moment)
(2) Lenovo: This makes me miss Jiangnan, and it reflects the author's emotions.
"This makes me miss Jiangnan after all." This kind of homesickness is the projection of the author's depressed and contradictory mood in the work at that time, expressing the author's inner feelings. Unrest and longing for a bright and beautiful life are the scene of emotion.
(3) "As soon as I looked up, I was already in front of my own door", which reflects the author's mood.
"I" returned to reality, and everything was business as usual. At this point, we can grasp the author's emotions as a whole. Loneliness, depression and hesitation made the author "not at peace in his heart", so he strolled through the lotus pond and entered the waking "dream" state - "in another world". The author intentionally places himself in an environment that transcends reality. "This world seems to be mine;" "I feel like a free person." "I can ignore whatever I must do or say during the day." "Immersed in the moonlight of the lotus pond, I felt a touch of joy but couldn't escape the touch of sadness. "The 'I' in the other world is far away from the restless 'I' in the real world. The more freely I write such a detached from reality, the more I will appear when I return to the real world at the end of the article. Empty and troubled; "The street lights are listless", the sound of cicadas and frogs is lively, "but the liveliness is theirs, I have nothing." " shows a gloomy and terrifying picture of the real world, cleverly echoing the "rather uneasy" at the beginning of the article. Finally, "I" walking alone under the moon under the lotus pond to get rid of boredom returned home, "my wife has been sleeping soundly for a long time", and again It further implies that the tranquility and harmony in the monk's home reflect the unavoidable boredom of "I".
5. Summary
This article writes about the motivation for night outing and the association of going out at night. When I return home, the narrative clues are clear and varied, and the structure is natural and rigorous. The scenery is clearly layered and full of characteristics. The hazy scenery is blended with a touch of joy and sorrow, and the language is beautiful, concise and expressive. The scenes are expressed extremely realistically and with rich charm using techniques such as , association, and foil.
6. Assign homework
Recite three verses 4-6