Xie Tiao North Building, also known as Xiegong Building, was changed to Dieyi Building in Tang Dynasty, which was built when Xie Tiao of Nanqi was the magistrate of Xuancheng (now Xuancheng, Anhui). Xie Tiao, whose name was Xuan Hui, was an important poet in the Six Dynasties and the Southern Qi Dynasty, and was also called Daxie and Xiao Xie with Xie Lingyun, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Li Bai said in the farewell school of Xielou in Xuanzhou: "The bones of great writers are all your brushes. In the school in heaven, I grew up beside you." It can be seen that he admires his poems and is deeply influenced by his poetic style. After the Mid-Autumn Festival in the 13th year of Tianbao (754), Li Bai came to Xuancheng from Jinling, boarded the North Building and wrote down these five laws. The poem describes the beautiful scenery around Xie Tiao Building in Xuancheng, and shows his deep nostalgia for Xie Tiao.
Xuancheng, located in the south of Anhui, is famous for its famous mountains and rivers, so it starts with "Jiangcheng" and "Mountain Night" and points out the geographical characteristics of Xuancheng, which is close to mountains and rivers. "In the picturesque Jiangcheng, the mountains look at the clear sky at night", which shows us a beautiful picture: one evening in autumn, we boarded the Xuancheng North Building and looked out. Clear sky in Wan Li, far away from the mountain, a touch of setting sun shines on the river in front of you, just like a beautiful landscape painting! The poet cut to the chase, summed up the scenery he saw at the beginning and immediately caught people's hearts. Yan Yu's "Cang Shi Lang Dialect" says: "Taibai sends a sentence and goes straight to the theme." This is the expression.
Next, he highlighted the "picturesque river city" with "mirror" and "rainbow", which specifically showed the beautiful scenery of the flowing water of Shuangqiao. Wanxi and Juxi two streams, clear and bright, like a mirror, flow between cities; Phoenix Bridge on Wanxi River and Jichuan Bridge on Juxi River (an arch bridge built by Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty) span the river like two beautiful rainbows. In the sun, they are like paintings. .
The third part is about the scenery on the ground. "A cold orange pomelo, an old phoenix tree in autumn" vividly depicts that people's kitchen smoke rises in the autumn sky, and the orange pomelo tree under the cover of kitchen smoke is somewhat chilly, and the phoenix tree has also been stained with yellow autumn colors, showing an aging posture. Here, with the shift of the poet's sight, the scenery has also changed, and the feelings have also moved with the scenery. The words "cold" and "old" point out the cool autumn scenery, which makes people feel that Qiu Guang is getting old. It not only writes about autumn scenery, but also reveals the poet's slightly cool mood, which is complete and hierarchical.
The last two sentences are even more emotional and straightforward. "Who goes to the North Building, thanks to the public in the breeze", the poet stood on the upstairs of Xie Tiao, and his deep loneliness was aroused. Who can understand that I am in the North Building, facing the autumn wind and missing Xie Tiao? Xie Tiao was framed by Xiao Yaoguang and died in prison; Li Bai also left Chang 'an and Xuancheng and wandered around. Because he was framed, he achieved nothing politically. A deep sense of loneliness and frustration overflowed on the paper, covering the whole text. He was deeply moved and couldn't help it. Finally, the rhetorical tone of couplets more prominently shows the author's anguish and injustice, which greatly enhances the artistic appeal.
Li Bai was pushed out by powerful people in Chang 'an and has been frustrated. He can't find a way out politically, so he can only cherish the scenery, miss the ancients and pour out his heart to nature. When he came to Xuancheng again, he looked at the breeze upstairs alone in Xie Tiao and was moved by the scene before him. Similar experiences make the poet miss Xie Tiao more, but who can understand his mood at this moment? The whole poem is full of scenery and emotion, born from the scenery, changing with the scenery and integrating with the scenery, casting a cool artistic conception of the whole poem.
In a picturesque river (1), the mountains look clear at night.
Two water clip mirrors (2), Shuangqiao Waterfall Rainbow (3).
People are cold orange pomelo (4) and autumn old phoenix tree.
Who reads the North Building ⑤, the breeze is pregnant with Xie Gong ⑤.
To annotate ...
(1) Jiangcheng: generally refers to the city near the water, here refers to Xuancheng. Jiangnan dialect in Tang dynasty was called "Jiang", regardless of big water and small water.
(2) Ershui: Wanxi and Juxi. There is Phoenix Bridge on Wanxi River and Jichuan Bridge on Juxi River. Spiegel: It refers to the circle formed by the arch bridge bridge opening and its reflection in the water, like a bright mirror.
(3) Shuangqiao: refers to the Phoenix Bridge and Jichuan Bridge built during the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty. Rainbow: refers to the bridge shadow in the water.
(4) Human smoke: smoke produced by cooking at home.
(5) North Building: namely Xie Tiao Building, which was built at the top of Lingyang Mountain when Xie Tiao was the magistrate of Xuancheng in the Southern Dynasties and Qi Dynasties.
(6) Xie Gong: Xie Tiao.