"Stars" is the first collection of poems by Ms. Bing Xin, a famous contemporary female writer and children's writer. It consists of 164 short poems. A close reading of the poetry collection Stars can be divided into three series from the narrative object: one is to write emotions, express fond memories of childhood, and miss relatives, friends and hometown; The second is to write thoughts and describe his anguish and sorrow as a young man, which leads to positive thinking about life, encouragement and exhortation to the youth and the world (including himself), and expresses his profound thoughts and maverick personality with profound brushwork; The third is to write about nature, or to express love and praise for nature with elegant brushwork, or to elaborate profound philosophy with ordinary natural landscape, or to express one's strong feelings with scene blending.
First, the emotional feature of "Love Philosophy"
Bing Xin believes in "the philosophy of love" all her life, and she thinks that "with love, there is everything"; In "Stars", the poet repeatedly sang the hymn of love with sincere and flowing emotions. This kind of love is first manifested in the fond memories of childhood life and the incomparable yearning for relatives, friends and hometown after studying abroad for many years.
1, sweet memories
Recalling childhood and cherishing virginity are the basic styles of stars. The sweetness of memories slowly flows out of words in the poet's exquisite narrative of childhood. "Star II" wrote: "Childhood! /it's the truth in the dream,/it's the dream in the real world,/it's a tearful smile in memory. " Childhood is true, it is a dream, it is a blend of truth and dream, and all good things are worth remembering: how many times in the moonlight garden, under the leaves of vines, under my mother's knees (star July 1), my father's touching story (star July 5) is an endless memory; I used to trick my three younger brothers with interesting stories. How could I forget? On Mid-Autumn Festival, how can you forget that osmanthus flowers in your hometown are also in full bloom (stars 104)? The waves and splashing waves in my hometown are still beating her heartstrings (star 28) drop by drop as before. Family members, childhood friends; Childhood love, childhood scenery, everything is in sweet memories. As critics in the 1920s commented, "Stars have two characteristics, one is the freshness of words, and the other is the sweetness of memories." Bing Xin recalls the sweetness of childhood, but also because childhood life has been far away from Bing Xin. "Distance produces beauty", Bing Xin has been studying abroad for many years. Although childhood is far away, it has been deeply rooted in the poet's memory and become a sentimental complex that the poet can't get rid of.
2. Infinite ideas
However, after studying abroad for many years, the more sweet memories the poet has, the more he misses his relatives and friends and longs to go home early. "Star 10 1" wrote, "Brother! It seems that I should not force you to share my lonely time. " Lonely, I think of my three younger brothers. I also remembered my father and everything he told me, so Star 1 13 wrote: Father! /How I love you/How I love your sea. "Star 72" wrote "Xishan! /Don't! /I can't bear to leave you/but I miss my mother. " Here, I wrote my thoughts about my mother directly. "Star 47" wrote: childhood friends/waves/mountain shadows/brilliant sunset/tragic speakers/Are we estranged now? "Star 1 18" wrote: hometown! /What can I expect/When will I go home/My white-haired grandfather/He is not in our garden! Light separation and deep attachment are vividly on the paper. But how can this express the homesickness of an overseas traveler? "mom! /Throw away your sad face/I'm in your arms/Only you are the settlement of my soul "(Star 33). "mom! /The storm in the sky is coming/The bird is hiding in its nest/The storm in my heart is coming/I am only hiding in your arms "(Star 159). This is the most heartfelt praise and gratitude for maternal love, and this is the poet's affectionate call to his mother.
In the dead of night, you are homesick. "Stars 142" wrote: One night-/Listen to the wind outside the window/Do you know why the shadow is so cold/Mountains and rivers like this/Just sleepless-"Stars 100" wrote: Midnight-/The dream of the universe is strong! /I woke up alone/But I am a dreamer. Deep homesickness is like a bug slowly eating away at the poet's soul, making it difficult for her to sleep. Deep thinking, eager thinking and missing relatives have made the poet's dream come true. As the poet wrote in "Idiot's Dream" decades later, "I didn't dream for almost a night ... The characters in my dream were all my father, mother, brother, teacher and friend ... who woke up 70 or 80 years ago and came to my mind ...". "Star 46" wrote: The candle on the table/still shines! /Repeat the tune/Play it again! /Wait/Stay away from my brother/Come to the door from the dark. Obviously it is my own journey, but I write that my brother is eager to go home when traveling; The poet deliberately turned the facts upside down, in fact, he highlighted anxious to return. "Stars 128" wrote: The rough waves sank/the dark mountain shadows-/The night was already deep/Don't go out/Look! Under the stars/the soldier's father stood alone on the national flag platform. The poet's yearning for his father turned into a scene in which his father, a soldier, gave a speech on the national flag stage. "Star 92" wrote: The morning dew is still pearls! /Go-/Air-cooled Clothes Sheet/He Zeng People are counting the dawns in their troubled hearts/Hazy/The stars blame the donkey for being too slow/The road is too long/The dream deceives my mother/My dear He Zeng is ill/Come back-/He Zeng slowed down the sun/The light was just right/The wild flowers laughed/The little dragon hid/Touched the mountain gate. I haven't heard from my mother for a long time, so I heard in my dream that my mother was ill. It is difficult to understand the beauty of this poem without personal experience. How real, how much I miss my mother, unparalleled.
Thousands of kinds of sadness leave only because "home is the most sad-/a person's tears/his harvest" (the trinity of stars), "home I don't know, but/boring/sad/all melt in it" (stars 1 14). At this time, anxious to return, a poet, is looking forward to going home at once and returning to his relatives. Finally, it became a sentence "Show me/my friend!" /I am a swallow crossing the ocean/looking for a nest separated from water "(star 63).
The poets in Stars, either telling sweet memories of childhood or thinking of relatives, friends and hometown with sadness, all contain hypocrisy and genuine feelings from the heart, which is touching to read. As the poet himself said, "What is in your heart is what you wrote", "Freedom flows from your head to your fingers, and from your fingers to your pen. Smile or worry. Sprinkle and naturally draw on paper. "
Second, clear thinking shows personality charm
1, the inner monologue is truly revealed
When Bing Xin wrote Stars, it was during the May 4th New Literature Movement. In the social environment where literary societies have sprung up like mushrooms after rain, poets have become a member of the literary research society. The literary research society's creative proposition of "for life" is also fully reflected in The Stars. First of all, the poet takes himself as the lyric hero and expresses his concern about the depression and sorrow of life in the form of his inner monologue. "My heart! You told me yesterday that the world was happy, and today you told me that the world was disappointed. What's the language of tomorrow? Teach me how to trust you! " As a young man, poets are sometimes bored and sad, which is also the state of mind of an era. "The poet/is the greatest happiness in the world fantasy/is also the deepest disappointment in fact" (Trinity of Stars) The poet lamented the gap between ideal and reality. "Time/didn't it just pass/did nothing but hazy thoughts-/!" (Thirty stars), "I know you/time! /You are killing my youth. " (Star 4) The poet feels that time flies and life is like a dream. "Boring words/thrown in the furnace/turned into boring sparks" (star 73) wrote his inner impetuousness and boredom. "My heart/like a boat/across the sea of ups and downs of time" (Star 19), "Lonely! /How many boats of the mind/Floating in your soft light "(Star 84) wrote the inner loneliness and loneliness. These are the real thoughts and feelings of the poet's heart, which shows the poet's sentimental mind's thinking about life.
2. Enthusiastic encouragement and affectionate persuasion
Under the guidance of the idea of "for life", many poems in Stars directly express the poet's warm encouragement and affectionate exhortation to the vast number of young people and the world (which can also be understood as the poet's spur to himself, which sets off the expression of depression and sadness). "Star 1 10" wrote: Young people! /You have to compare with the old people/You will know that your boredom is/gentle. Here we read the "gentle boredom" of young people and appreciate the poet's advice: young people should correctly treat difficulties and setbacks, face them calmly and meet the challenges of life bravely and optimistically. "Star 16" wrote: Young people! /For future memories/Draw your present picture carefully. The poet is easy to understand, exhorting and inspiring us to grasp the present and work in a down-to-earth manner. A word "careful" is exquisite, and infinite love and advice can penetrate the paper. "Star 98" wrote: Young people! /Believe in yourself! /Only you are real/Only you can create yourself. The poet once again warned young people with deep feelings to believe in themselves, overcome themselves and surpass themselves, not to be afraid of hardships and bumps on the road of life, and not to be afraid of the wind, frost, rain and snow in life. "Star Ten" wrote: green shoots,/and young people said:/"Develop yourself!" /pale flower,/say to the youth:/"contribute yourself!" " /Crimson fruit,/Say to the youth:/"Sacrifice yourself!" The poet created an equal and harmonious atmosphere with natural language, warning young people to take responsibility bravely and easily enter the spiritual world of readers. "A wise man! /throw away the fancy flowers in your hand! /She is only illusory/but the spring scenery in your eyes "(Star 137), the poet, like a persuasive old man, warned us not to blindly fantasize, but to base ourselves on reality. The poet passed the "wise man! /Empty words/false words/You should guide your friends/only in your/nature's behavior "(Star 160) warns us to guide, educate and touch others with sincere and natural actions.
3. Calm mind and noble personality
Bing Xin once said, "If a writer wants to develop his own style, he must first develop a cool head, a serious life and a lofty personality". The poet is used to seeing the world with deep eyes and thinking about life with a calm mind, which is fully reflected in her stars. "One Star, Two Stars" wrote: People! /fall in love/we are all long-distance travelers/heading for the same destination. The poet thinks that life is a long journey from birth to death. "I hope the hopeless fact/the answer to the difficult problem/is the youth's suicide!" (Star 130) The poet uses the philosopher's thoughts to make judgments and tells us to abandon unnecessary hopes. "'defect'! /'integrity' needs you/set off in countless you. (Star 124) The poet wrote the gradual process of things by personification and contrast, which also reflected the poet's humanistic care for some "regrets." Truth/in the silence of the baby/not in the debate of the wise ","Criticizing and judging ordinary people/like a group of blind people/speculating about the moon outside the cloud "(Star Five-), in sharp contrast and figurative metaphor, it is not difficult for us to understand the poet's point of view, and it is not difficult to read the poet's arrogance and troubles. "Stars 23 wrote: The lamp of the soul/shines in silence/goes out in excitement. "Stars on May 7th wrote: A calm heart can build a deeper world/in any environment/. From these poems, we have a deeper understanding of the poet's mood of "indifferent to pure heart and quiet distance"
Whether you express your anguish and sadness with the younger generation, or enthusiastically encourage and exhort young people, or write your own thoughts on life and the world, you can see the poet's soul full of wisdom beating, and the images with clear thoughts and unique personality charm flashing. As a critic said in the 1920s and 1930s, "When you read Bing Xin's words, every time you feel his dignified and solemn personality, which is reflected between the lines, just like an elegant lady. Although she smiles seriously, it naturally makes you awe. "
Third, colorful nature contains different poetries.
1, elegant brushwork with classical meaning
Nature is also the object of repeated description and praise among the stars. When poets describe natural things poetically, they first write the wonderful artistic conception of classical poetry through the combination of several typical images. "Stars" begins with the words: Stars are twinkling-/Deep blue space,/Have you ever heard them talk to each other? /In silence,/In the twilight,/They praised each other deeply. Like a beautiful, gentle and harmonious "Voice of Nature", with the poet singing, a picture appears in front of our eyes: stars, deep blue sky, shimmering, just like a elegant and beautiful ink painting, full of classical poetry. "On the well,/listen to the river under the gurgling mountain-/the wind blows gently,/blowing your hair in disorder" (star March 38) "The sun is just right,/the wild flowers are laughing; /Look at the twilight,/Hidden Mountain Gate "(Star 92)" How can you forget? /Summer night,/Under the bright moon,/Alone on the veranda. /pink lotus,/dark green lotus cover,/white! " (Star 134) "One summer night,/a cool breeze is coming! /Embrace the orchid breath,/Go to the depths of the dream soul. " Among these poems, "Minefield", "Tianfeng", "Wild Flower", "Dawn Color", "Lotus", "River Cover", "Orchid" and "Breeze" are all poetic images often used in classical poetry, and their integration into poetry greatly increases the classical charm of poetry. "Starry Eight" wrote: Broken flowers compose branches; /The birds have flown away,/The red scattered all over the floor-/Is this a glimpse of life? The poet's epiphany from falling red everywhere to the meaning of life is no less significant than Gong Zizhen's "falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud will protect flowers more". "Stars 144" wrote: beside the tower,/at the bottom of the flower,/the breeze blows the hair,/it gets cold when it gets cold! /This ancient courtyard-/This dusk-/This bit of poetry-/revolves around the sunset and me. Sunset, pagoda side, ancient courtyard, flower bottom and I formed a hierarchy from high to low. The pagoda, the ancient courtyard and the flower bottom are static beauty, while the sunset and I are dynamic beauty. At dusk, there is movement in stillness, stillness in movement, and a wonderful and meaningful artistic conception emerges, so poetry exudes artistic charm that infects people.
2. Ordinary scenery contains profound philosophy.
In the description of natural scenery, the poet also saw its unusual place on the whole, and made it show unusual significance through his own spiritual candle. She wrote about the flower of success: the flower of success/people are only amazed at her present glory! However, at the beginning, her buds/soaked with tears of struggle/sprinkled with blood and rain of sacrifice (five or five stars), wrote down the hard-won success, gorgeous flowers, like charming life, behind the fragrant laughter, sprinkled with frustrations and hardships of sacrifice. The flower of writing a speech: the flower of speech/the bigger it blooms/the fruit of action/the smaller it is (four or five stars), which is similar to the "beautiful words don't believe" in The Analects of Confucius. Write about the relationship between flowers and fruit: after the storm-/the fragrance of flowers has passed/the color of flowers has passed/the fruit hangs silently on the branches/the value of flowers/depends on the fruit! It is true that the value of a flower depends on its fruit, and the value of life depends on its contribution to society. Simple poetry conveys eternal truth. Write about sediments: It is not the rolling waves that create new land/but the tiny sediments below it (star 34). What "opened a new world", or started a great cause? In the sharp contrast between "waves" and "sediment", the poet reveals a profound philosophy of life-creating a new career requires unremitting accumulation like tiny sediment. Write flowers and stones beside the track: flowers and stones beside the track! /Only this second,/you and me/is an encounter of infinite life and a farewell to infinite life. /Among thousands of people,/Where can I find more of you? (Star May 4th) Observing everything in the universe calmly from the philosopher's eyes, even the impression of flowers and stones on the edge of the trajectory in the poet's mind for that second has become a "magical text". Writing about bees: bees/are writers who can melt/suck out different scents from flowers to make their original sweetness (stars 125). It seems that the poets here are not just writing about bees, but praising those who, like bees, can constantly learn from the strengths of others and have the courage to create. In Star 48, I wrote, "Weak grass! /Be proud/Only you decorate the world. " I read the poet's confidence; In the stars? "July 7th" wrote "Small dish stone! /Be strong/be prepared for the waves that rush forward and backward! " I read the poet's persistence; "Star 36" says that "the sun penetrates into the cracks in the stone,/the little thorn fruit says," Stick your head out with my strength/liberate yourself in a secluded prison! ""When the trunk came out, the hard rock split in two. "The poet wrote the tenacious vitality and unremitting struggle spirit of the trunk with anthropomorphic techniques. In a word, the poet's writing about nature is also about his own soul and life experience.
3. Integrate feelings into the scene.
All scenery words are love words. In the poem Stars, the description of nature not only directly expresses the love and praise for nature, but also expounds the profound philosophy and life sentiment through natural scenery. In many poems, poets integrate their sweet memories, long thoughts and deep sadness into the description of natural scenery, their feelings into the scene and the scene into one. "Stars on the 1st of July" wrote: These things-memories that will never die-are in the moonlight garden-under the leaves of vines-on the mother's lap. "Love is hidden in the landscape, and love is born in the landscape". The images of courtyard, ivy and mother in the moonlight combine to form a happy and harmonious summer night to enjoy the cool, and the poet's yearning for a happy childhood life is stronger. "Stars 104" wrote: People outside the window say that osmanthus blossoms/always bring back memories/once a year/three days before Mid-Autumn Festival. "Star 2 1" wrote: The strings outside the window touched/my heart! /Why is it just wrapped in the lingering sound? /the sound of trees is endless. /The moonlight is infinite. The rustling trees and the bright moon outside the window are scenery, and my heartstrings are feelings. This poem is a blend of scenes and scenes, leaving us with rich imagination space. It is not difficult to understand the poet's homesickness. Reading this poem reminds me of the poet Li Bai's poem "Thinking about a Quiet Night": Is there frost when the moonlight shines in front of the window? . I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic. "The rain at night weaves the poet's mood" (five or six stars), which is also the way to write the self-evident sadness.